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Namaqua-Natal Belt, African Platei
Regional Level Types
Namaqua-Natal BeltOrogenic Belt
African PlateTectonic Plate

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Area:
497,151 km2
Largest Settlements:
PlacePopulation
Pietermaritzburg750,845 (2012)
East London478,676 (2012)
Mpumalanga140,121 (2013)
Bhisho137,287 (2012)
Queenstown105,309 (2012)
Mthatha78,663 (2015)
Mindat Locality ID:
444956
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:444956:3
GUID (UUID V4):
0


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Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.


Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

359 valid minerals. 11 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 3 erroneous literature entries.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

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Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Abernathyite
Formula: K(UO2)(AsO4) · 3H2O
ⓘ Acanthite
Formula: Ag2S
ⓘ Actinolite
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘ Aegirine
Formula: NaFe3+Si2O6
ⓘ Aegirine-augite
Formula: (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
ⓘ Alabandite
Formula: MnS
ⓘ Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 32 localities in this region.
ⓘ Albite var. Andesine
Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘ Albite var. Cleavelandite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase
Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘ 'Alkali Feldspar'
ⓘ 'Alkali pyroxene'
ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)
Formula: (CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ 'Allanite Group'
Formula: (A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ Alloclasite
Formula: Co1-xFexAsS
ⓘ Allophane
Formula: (Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
ⓘ Almandine
Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Almandine-Pyrope Series'
ⓘ Alunite
Formula: KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ Amblygonite
Formula: LiAl(PO4)F
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Description: Found as crystals up to 15cm in length, pure white crystals are usually rimmed with grey Apatite, occur in nests of Muscovite, Albite and Quartz often associated with Columbite and Lepidolite
ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'
Formula: AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Analcime
Formula: Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
ⓘ Anatase
Formula: TiO2
ⓘ Andalusite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘ Andradite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
References:
ⓘ Anglesite
Formula: PbSO4
ⓘ Anhydrite
Formula: CaSO4
ⓘ Ankerite
Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Annabergite
Formula: Ni3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
References:
Bruce Cairncross collection (Raman-analysed)Identification: Raman Spectroscopy
ⓘ Annite
Formula: KFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Anorthite
Formula: Ca(Al2Si2O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite
Formula: (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite
Formula: (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
ⓘ Anthophyllite
Formula: ◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 22 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Apophyllite Group'
Formula: AB4[Si8O22]X · 8H2O
ⓘ Arcanite
Formula: K2SO4
ⓘ Arfvedsonite
Formula: [Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘ Arsenopyrite
Formula: FeAsS
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Arsenuranylite
Formula: Ca(UO2)4(AsO4)2(OH)4 · 6H2O
ⓘ Atacamite
Formula: Cu2(OH)3Cl
Description: Occurs in the Wortel formation of the Bushmanland Group.
ⓘ Augite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Augite var. Ferroaugite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘ Auricupride ?
Formula: Cu3Au
ⓘ Autunite
Formula: Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
ⓘ Axinite-(Fe)
Formula: Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
ⓘ 'Axinite Group'
ⓘ Azurite
Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Ba Feldspar'
ⓘ Bartonite
Formula: K6Fe20S26S
ⓘ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
Localities: Reported from at least 25 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Bastnäsite'
Formula: (Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
ⓘ Bavenite
Formula: Ca4Be2Al2Si9O26(OH)2
ⓘ Beaverite-(Cu)
Formula: Pb(Fe3+2Cu)(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ Becquerelite
Formula: Ca(UO2)6O4(OH)6 · 8H2O
ⓘ Bertrandite
Formula: Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Beryl
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Localities: Reported from at least 23 localities in this region.
ⓘ Beryl var. Aquamarine
Formula: Be3Al2Si6O18
ⓘ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Localities: Reported from at least 38 localities in this region.
ⓘ Bismite
Formula: Bi2O3
ⓘ Bismoclite (TL)
Formula: BiOCl
ⓘ Bismuthinite
Formula: Bi2S3
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
ⓘ Bismutite
Formula: (BiO)2CO3
ⓘ Boltwoodite
Formula: (K,Na)(UO2)(SiO3OH) · 1.5H2O
ⓘ Bornite
Formula: Cu5FeS4
Localities: Reported from at least 20 localities in this region.
ⓘ Bradleyite
Formula: Na3Mg(CO3)(PO4)
ⓘ Braggite
Formula: PdPt3S4
ⓘ Brannerite
Formula: UTi2O6
ⓘ Braunite
Formula: Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8
ⓘ Brochantite
Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs in the Wortel formation of the Bushmanland Group.
ⓘ Brookite
Formula: TiO2
ⓘ Bütschliite
Formula: K2Ca(CO3)2
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 37 localities in this region.
ⓘ Calcite var. Iceland Spar
Formula: CaCO3
ⓘ 'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'
Formula: AnCa2(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende'
Formula: AnCa2(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Calderite
Formula: Mn2+3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Caledonite
Formula: Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
ⓘ Cancrinite
Formula: (Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
ⓘ Carnotite
Formula: K2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
ⓘ Cassiterite
Formula: SnO2
Description: Occurs as nodules and crystals associated with wolframite and cuprotungstite.
ⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)
Formula: (Ce4+,Th)O2
ⓘ Cerussite
Formula: PbCO3
Description: Aesthetic well formed micro crystals have been found.
ⓘ 'Chabazite'
ⓘ Chabazite-Ca
Formula: (Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
ⓘ Chabazite-Na
Formula: (Na2,K2,Ca,Sr,Mg)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
ⓘ Chalcanthite
Formula: CuSO4 · 5H2O
Description: Occurs in the Wortel formation of the Bushmanland Group.
ⓘ Chalcocite
Formula: Cu2S
Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.
Habit: To 4 cm.
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 39 localities in this region.
ⓘ Chantalite
Formula: CaAl2(SiO4)(OH)4
ⓘ Chlorargyrite
Formula: AgCl
ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)'
ⓘ Chromite
Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Chrysoberyl
Formula: BeAl2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Chrysocolla
Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ Clausthalite
Formula: PbSe
ⓘ 'Clay minerals'
ⓘ Clinochlore
Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
ⓘ Clinochlore var. Ripidolite
Formula: (Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8
ⓘ 'Clinochrysotile'
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'
ⓘ Clinozoisite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ Cobaltite
Formula: CoAsS
ⓘ Coffinite
Formula: U(SiO4) · nH2O
ⓘ Cohenite
Formula: Fe3C
ⓘ Coloradoite
Formula: HgTe
ⓘ 'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series'
Localities: Reported from at least 21 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Columbite-Tantalite'
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ Connellite
Formula: Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
ⓘ Cooperite
Formula: PtS
ⓘ Copiapite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
ⓘ Coquimbite
Formula: AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
ⓘ Cordierite
Formula: Mg2Al4Si5O18
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
ⓘ Corkite
Formula: PbFe3+3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
ⓘ Cornetite
Formula: Cu3(PO4)(OH)3
ⓘ Corundum
Formula: Al2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.
ⓘ Covellite
Formula: CuS
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ Crandallite
Formula: CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
ⓘ Creaseyite
Formula: Pb2Cu2Fe3+2(Si4.67Al0.33)O15.33(OH)3 · H2O
ⓘ 'Crossite'
ⓘ 'Cualstibite-1M'
Formula: (Cu,Al)3(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
ⓘ Cubanite
Formula: CuFe2S3
ⓘ Cummingtonite
Formula: ◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘ Cuprite
Formula: Cu2O
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Cuprotungstite
Formula: Cu2(WO4)(OH)2
ⓘ Curite
Formula: Pb3(H2O)2[(UO2)4O4(OH)3]2
ⓘ Cyanotrichite
Formula: Cu4Al2(SO4)(OH)12 · 2H2O
ⓘ Cyrilovite
Formula: NaFe3+3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
ⓘ Daubréelite
Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2S4
ⓘ Davidite-(La)
Formula: La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
ⓘ Delafossite
Formula: Cu+Fe3+O2
ⓘ 'Desert Rose'
ⓘ Diaboleite
Formula: Pb2CuCl2(OH)4
ⓘ Diamond
Formula: C
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Diaspore
Formula: AlO(OH)
Description: Occurs in the Wortel formation of the Bushmanland Group.
ⓘ Dickite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Digenite
Formula: Cu9S5
ⓘ Diopside
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Diopside-Hedenbergite Series'
ⓘ Dioptase
Formula: CuSiO3 · H2O
ⓘ Djerfisherite (TL)
Formula: K6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
ⓘ Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Dravite
Formula: NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘ 'Dravite-Schorl Series'
ⓘ Dufrénite
Formula: Ca0.5Fe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
ⓘ Dumortierite
Formula: Al(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)
Colour: Blue
Description: Titanium rich. Lapidary grade.
ⓘ Eitelite
Formula: Na2Mg(CO3)2
ⓘ Elbaite
Formula: Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘ Emplectite
Formula: CuBiS2
ⓘ Enstatite
Formula: Mg2Si2O6
ⓘ Enstatite var. Bronzite
Formula: (Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2
ⓘ Epidote
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 22 localities in this region.
ⓘ Epistilbite
Formula: CaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O
ⓘ Eucryptite
Formula: LiAlSiO4
ⓘ Eudialyte
Formula: Na15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)
Formula: (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
ⓘ Faheyite
Formula: Be2Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)4 · 6H2O
ⓘ Fayalite
Formula: Fe2+2SiO4
ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Fayalite-Tephroite Series'
ⓘ 'Fayalite-Tephroite Series var. Knebelite'
Formula: from (Fe1.5Mn0.5)2SiO4 to (Mn1.5Fe0.5)2SiO4
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 20 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group var. Perthite'
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Ferberite
Formula: FeWO4
ⓘ Fergusonite-(Y)
Formula: YNbO4
ⓘ Ferricopiapite
Formula: Fe3+0.67Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
ⓘ Ferrimolybdite
Formula: Fe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
ⓘ Ferro-ferri-katophorite
Formula: Na(NaCa)(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
ⓘ 'Ferro-ferri-taramite' ?
Formula: Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Description: Taramite is listed as occurring at Marinkas Kwela in several articles. The taramite root-name group was redefined in th e2012 nomenclature and the pre-2012 taramite is now ferro-ferri-taramite. In addition, the defining criteria was shifted from the T position to the C-position of the amphibole moelcule. A consequence of this is that many "taramites" are now classified as "katophorite root name group minerals. Based on analytical data of "taramites" from Smithies (1992) and Smithies & Marsh (1996), the "taramites" from here is most likely ferro-ferri-katophorites.
ⓘ 'Ferro-ferri-winchite'
Formula: ◻[CaNa][Fe2+4(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘ Ferrohexahydrite
Formula: FeSO4 · 6H2O
ⓘ Ferrokinoshitalite (TL)
Formula: (Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2
ⓘ Ferrosilite
Formula: Fe2+2Si2O6
ⓘ Fluocerite-(Ce)
Formula: CeF3
ⓘ Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Description: Blue crystals up to 6cm on edge found in quartz.
ⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)
Formula: KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
ⓘ Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
Localities: Reported from at least 29 localities in this region.
ⓘ Fluorite var. Yttrofluorite
Formula: (Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05 < x < 0.3
ⓘ Forsterite
Formula: Mg2SiO4
ⓘ Franklinite
Formula: Zn2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘ 'Freibergite Subgroup'
Formula: (Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C2+2)Sb4S12S0-1
ⓘ Froodite
Formula: α-PdBi2
ⓘ 'Gadolinite'
ⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)
Formula: Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
ⓘ Gahnite
Formula: ZnAl2O4
ⓘ Galena
Formula: PbS
Localities: Reported from at least 21 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 26 localities in this region.
ⓘ Gedrite
Formula: ◻{Mg2}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
ⓘ Gersdorffite
Formula: NiAsS
ⓘ Gersdorffite var. Cobalt-bearing Gersdorffite
Formula: (Ni,Co)AsS with Os,Ir,Ru,Rh
ⓘ Gladite
Formula: PbCuBi5S9
ⓘ 'Glass'
Description: Silica-rich Glass often has an enhanced K2O content of uncertain origin
ⓘ 'Glimmerite'
ⓘ Goethite
Formula: Fe3+O(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs in the Wortel formation of the Bushmanland Group.
ⓘ Graftonite
Formula: Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2
ⓘ Grandidierite
Formula: (Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2
ⓘ Graphite
Formula: C
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Gregoryite
Formula: (Na2,K2,Ca)CO3
ⓘ Grossular
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Grunerite
Formula: ◻{Fe2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘ Gudmundite
Formula: FeSbS
ⓘ 'Gummite'
ⓘ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs in the Wortel formation of the Bushmanland Group.
ⓘ Halite
Formula: NaCl
ⓘ Halotrichite
Formula: FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
ⓘ Hastingsite
Formula: NaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
ⓘ Hedenbergite
Formula: CaFe2+Si2O6
ⓘ Hedenbergite var. Ferrosalite
Formula: CaFe2+Si2O6
ⓘ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 25 localities in this region.
ⓘ Hematite var. Martite
Formula: Fe2O3
ⓘ Hematite var. Specularite
Formula: Fe2O3
ⓘ Hemimorphite
Formula: Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
ⓘ Hercynite
Formula: Fe2+Al2O4
ⓘ Hessite
Formula: Ag2Te
ⓘ Heterosite
Formula: (Fe3+,Mn3+)PO4
ⓘ Heulandite-Ca
Formula: (Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O
ⓘ 'Heulandite Subgroup'
Formula: (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
ⓘ Hodrušite
Formula: Cu8Bi12S22
ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'
Formula: ◻Ca2(Z2+4Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ Hotsonite (TL)
Formula: Al11(SO4)3(PO4)2(OH)21 · 16H2O
Type Locality:
Description: Occurs in the Wortel formation of the Bushmanland Group.
ⓘ 'Högbomite Group'
ⓘ Humite
Formula: Mg7(SiO4)3F2
ⓘ Hureaulite
Formula: Mn2+5(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
ⓘ Hübnerite
Formula: MnWO4
ⓘ Hydronováčekite
Formula: Mg(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
ⓘ 'Hypersthene'
Formula: (Mg,Fe)SiO3
ⓘ Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
Localities: Reported from at least 24 localities in this region.
ⓘ Ilsemannite
Formula: Mo3O8 · nH2O
ⓘ Insizwaite (TL)
Formula: Pt(Bi,Sb)2
Type Locality:
ⓘ Irarsite
Formula: (Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
ⓘ Iriginite
Formula: (UO2)Mo2O7 · 3H2O
ⓘ 'Iron oxide'
ⓘ Isocubanite
Formula: CuFe2S3
ⓘ Jacobsite
Formula: Mn2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘ Jarosite
Formula: KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ Jordisite
Formula: MoS2
ⓘ Kaersutite
Formula: NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
ⓘ Kalinite
Formula: KAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
ⓘ Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs in the Wortel formation of the Bushmanland Group.
ⓘ Katophorite
Formula: {Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
Description: The name katophorite was origianlly used for the Fe-dominant member of the katophorite root-name group. The group was redefined in the 2012 amphibole nomenclature and katophorite is now defined as the Mg-Al dominant member of the katophorite root name group. The original katophorite is now named ferro-katophorite. Katophorite with it's post 2012 definition does not occur here.
ⓘ 'K Feldspar'
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
ⓘ Khibinskite
Formula: K2ZrSi2O7
ⓘ Kornerupine
Formula: Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
ⓘ Kyanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘ Laumontite
Formula: CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
ⓘ Laurite
Formula: RuS2
ⓘ Leadhillite
Formula: Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
ⓘ 'Lead-parkerite'
Formula: Ni3Pb2S2
ⓘ Lepidocrocite
Formula: Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘ 'Lepidolite'
Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.
ⓘ Libethenite
Formula: Cu2(PO4)(OH)
ⓘ 'Limonite'
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Linarite
Formula: PbCu(SO4)(OH)2
ⓘ Linnaeite
Formula: Co2+Co3+2S4
ⓘ Lithiophilite
Formula: LiMn2+PO4
Description: Masses up to 1.0 meters in size.
ⓘ Lithiophilite var. Sicklerite
Formula: Li1-x(Mn3+xMn2+1-x)PO4
ⓘ 'Lithiophilite-Triphylite Series'
ⓘ Löllingite
Formula: FeAs2
ⓘ Mackinawite
Formula: FeS
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Maghemite
Formula: (Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4
ⓘ Magnesio-hastingsite
Formula: NaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
ⓘ Magnesio-hornblende (TL)
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Type Locality:
ⓘ Magnesite
Formula: MgCO3
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 36 localities in this region.
ⓘ Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 20 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Manganese Oxides'
ⓘ 'Manganese Oxides var. Manganese Dendrites'
ⓘ Marcasite
Formula: FeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Melanterite
Formula: Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
ⓘ 'Melilite Group'
Formula: Ca2M(XSiO7)
ⓘ Melonite
Formula: NiTe2
ⓘ Mesolite
Formula: Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
ⓘ Meta-autunite
Formula: Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
ⓘ Metakahlerite
Formula: Fe2+(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘ Metatorbernite
Formula: Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘ Metauranospinite
Formula: Ca(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘ Metazeunerite
Formula: Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘ 'Meteoritic Iron'
ⓘ 'Mica Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
ⓘ Microcline
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 27 localities in this region.
ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ Microcline var. Hyalophane
Formula: (K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘ 'Microlite Group'
Formula: A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Colour: brown
Description: Secondary microlite replacing tantalite-(Mn)
ⓘ Millerite
Formula: NiS
ⓘ Mitridatite
Formula: Ca2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
ⓘ Molybdenite
Formula: MoS2
Localities: Reported from at least 22 localities in this region.
ⓘ Monazite-(Ce)
Formula: Ce(PO4)
ⓘ 'Monazite Group'
Formula: REE(PO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Monticellite
Formula: CaMgSiO4
ⓘ Montmorillonite
Formula: (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘ Moraesite
Formula: Be2(PO4)(OH) · 4H2O
ⓘ Mordenite
Formula: (Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
ⓘ Mottramite
Formula: PbCu(VO4)(OH)
ⓘ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 38 localities in this region.
ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite
Formula: K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Nacrite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Native Bismuth
Formula: Bi
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ Native Copper
Formula: Cu
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ Native Gold
Formula: Au
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Native Iron
Formula: Fe
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Native Iron var. Kamacite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Native Silver
Formula: Ag
ⓘ Native Sulphur
Formula: S8
ⓘ Natrite
Formula: Na2CO3
ⓘ Natroalunite
Formula: NaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Description: Occurs in the Wortel formation of the Bushmanland Group.
ⓘ Natrolite
Formula: Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
ⓘ Nepheline
Formula: Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
ⓘ Nickeline
Formula: NiAs
ⓘ Niggliite (TL)
Formula: PtSn
Type Locality:
ⓘ Niningerite
Formula: MgS
ⓘ Nontronite
Formula: Na0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘ Norsethite
Formula: BaMg(CO3)2
ⓘ Northupite
Formula: Na3Mg(CO3)2Cl
ⓘ Nyerereite
Formula: Na2Ca(CO3)2
ⓘ Oldhamite
Formula: CaS
ⓘ 'Olivine Group'
Formula: M2SiO4
ⓘ Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘ Opal var. Opal-AN
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘ Orthoclase
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ Osumilite-(Mg)
Formula: K◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30]
ⓘ Padĕraite
Formula: Cu7[(Cu,Ag)0.33Pb1.33Bi11.33]S22
ⓘ Paratacamite
Formula: Cu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2
ⓘ Parauranophane
Formula: Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
ⓘ Parkerite (TL)
Formula: Ni3(Bi,Pb)2S2
Type Locality:
ⓘ Pentlandite
Formula: (NixFey)Σ9S8
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Perovskite
Formula: CaTiO3
ⓘ Perryite
Formula: (Ni,Fe)5(Si,P)2
ⓘ Petalite
Formula: LiAl(Si4O10)
ⓘ Phenakite
Formula: Be2SiO4
ⓘ Phillipsite-Ca
Formula: Ca3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
ⓘ Phillipsite-Na
Formula: (Na,K,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] · 12H2O
ⓘ 'Phillipsite Subgroup'
Formula: (Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
ⓘ Phlogopite
Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
ⓘ Phosphohedyphane
Formula: Ca2Pb3(PO4)3Cl
ⓘ Phosphosiderite
Formula: FePO4 · 2H2O
ⓘ Phosphuranylite
Formula: KCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O
ⓘ Pickeringite
Formula: MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
ⓘ Pigeonite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Localities: Reported from at least 19 localities in this region.
ⓘ Plancheite
Formula: Cu8(Si8O22)(OH)4 · H2O
ⓘ 'Plessite'
ⓘ Plumbogummite
Formula: PbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
ⓘ Plumbojarosite
Formula: Pb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ Pollucite
Formula: (Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
ⓘ Prehnite (TL)
Formula: Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ Pseudomalachite
Formula: Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4
References:
ⓘ 'Pumpellyite Subgroup'
Formula: Ca2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
ⓘ Purpurite
Formula: Mn3+(PO4)
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 41 localities in this region.
ⓘ Pyrite var. Bravoite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)S2
ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group'
Formula: A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Supergroup'
Formula: A2-mD2X6-wZ1-n
ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)'
Formula: (Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
ⓘ Pyrolusite
Formula: Mn4+O2
ⓘ Pyromorphite
Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl
ⓘ Pyrophyllite
Formula: Al2Si4O10(OH)2
Description: Occurs in the Wortel formation of the Bushmanland Group.
ⓘ 'Pyrosmalite-(Fe)-Pyrosmalite-(Mn) Series'
ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'
Formula: ADSi2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Pyroxmangite
Formula: Mn2+SiO3
ⓘ Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
Localities: Reported from at least 24 localities in this region.
ⓘ Qandilite
Formula: (Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 117 localities in this region.
ⓘ Quartz var. "Herkimer-style" Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Habit: biterminated (doubly terminated)
Colour: water-clear
Description: Small crystals that occasionally have small fluid hydrocarbon inclusions which fluoresce bright yellow are found in the Steinkopf area.
ⓘ Quartz var. Agate
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ Quartz var. Blue Lace Agate
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Milky Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Moss Agate
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Rose Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ Quartz var. Sceptre Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Reichenbachite
Formula: Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4
ⓘ Rhodochrosite
Formula: MnCO3
ⓘ Rhodonite
Formula: CaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
ⓘ 'Rhombohedral Carbonate'
Formula: (Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
ⓘ Rickardite
Formula: Cu7Te5
ⓘ Riebeckite
Formula: ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘ Robertsite
Formula: Ca2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
ⓘ Romanèchite
Formula: (Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
ⓘ Rozenite
Formula: FeSO4 · 4H2O
ⓘ Rutile
Formula: TiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile
Formula: (Ti,Nb)O2
ⓘ Sabugalite
Formula: HAl(UO2)4(PO4)4 · 16H2O
ⓘ Samarskite-(Y)
Formula: YFe3+Nb2O8
ⓘ Sanidine
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
References:
ⓘ Saponite ?
Formula: Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Description: Has yet to be verified
ⓘ Sapphirine
Formula: Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
ⓘ Sarmientite
Formula: Fe3+2(AsO4)(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O
ⓘ Sauconite
Formula: Na0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O
ⓘ 'Saussurite'
ⓘ 'Scapolite'
ⓘ Scheelite
Formula: Ca(WO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Schorl
Formula: NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ Schreibersite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)3P
ⓘ Scorodite
Formula: Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4
ⓘ Siderite
Formula: FeCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Siderophyllite
Formula: KFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
ⓘ 'Silica'
ⓘ Sillimanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Localities: Reported from at least 23 localities in this region.
ⓘ Smithsonite
Formula: ZnCO3
Description: Prismatic crystals up to 5mm occur with Hemimorphite and Calcite on Quartz. From level 2 they occur with pink Rhodochrosite.
ⓘ Sodalite
Formula: Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
ⓘ Soddyite
Formula: (UO2)2SiO4 · 2H2O
ⓘ 'Sodic amphibole'
ⓘ Sperrylite
Formula: PtAs2
ⓘ Spessartine
Formula: Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
Localities: Reported from at least 20 localities in this region.
ⓘ Spinel
Formula: MgAl2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
ⓘ Spodumene
Formula: LiAlSi2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
ⓘ Staurolite
Formula: Fe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH)
ⓘ Stellerite
Formula: Ca4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
ⓘ Stercorite (TL)
Formula: (NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
Type Locality:
ⓘ 'Stilbite Subgroup'
Formula: M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Strengite
Formula: FePO4 · 2H2O
ⓘ Struvite
Formula: (NH4)Mg(PO4) · 6H2O
ⓘ Sylvanite
Formula: AgAuTe4
ⓘ Sylvite
Formula: KCl
ⓘ 'Synchysite'
Formula: Ca(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
ⓘ Synchysite-(Y)
Formula: CaY(CO3)2F
ⓘ Szomolnokite
Formula: FeSO4 · H2O
ⓘ Taenite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)
ⓘ Tainiolite
Formula: KLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
ⓘ Talc
Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘ Talnakhite ?
Formula: Cu9(Fe,Ni)8S16
ⓘ 'Tantalite'
Formula: (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
ⓘ Tantalite-(Mn)
Formula: Mn2+Ta2O6
ⓘ 'Tapiolite'
Formula: (Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
ⓘ Taramite
Formula: Na(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Description: Taramite was originally the name for the ferro-ferri-dominante member of the taramite root-name group, but it was redefined in the 2012 nomenclature. taramite is now the MG-Al dominant member in this group. References older than 2012 will refer to the origianl, but changed definition of taramite.
ⓘ Tellurobismuthite
Formula: Bi2Te3
ⓘ 'Tennantite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
ⓘ Tenorite
Formula: CuO
ⓘ Tetradymite
Formula: Bi2Te2S
ⓘ Tetraferriphlogopite
Formula: KMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca
Formula: NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
ⓘ Thorianite
Formula: ThO2
ⓘ Thorite
Formula: Th(SiO4)
ⓘ Thorite var. Orangite
Formula: Th(SiO4)
ⓘ Thorite var. Uranothorite
Formula: (Th,U)SiO4
ⓘ Titanite
Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O
ⓘ Topaz
Formula: Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Description: Occurs in the Wortel formation of the Bushmanland Group.
ⓘ Torbernite
Formula: Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O
ⓘ 'Tourmaline'
Formula: AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Tourmaline var. Rubellite'
Formula: A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘ Tremolite
Formula: ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Triphylite
Formula: LiFe2+PO4
ⓘ Triphylite var. Ferrisicklerite
Formula: Li1-x(Fe3+xFe2+1-x)PO4
ⓘ Triplite
Formula: Mn2+2(PO4)F
ⓘ Triploidite
Formula: Mn2+2(PO4)(OH)
ⓘ Troilite
Formula: FeS
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Truscottite
Formula: (Ca,Mn)14Si24O58(OH)8 · 2H2O
ⓘ Turquoise
Formula: CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Description: Occurs in the Wortel formation of the Bushmanland Group.
ⓘ Ulvöspinel
Formula: TiFe2+2O4
ⓘ 'UM2002-53-PO:CaHPb'
Formula: Ca2Pb3(PO4)3(OH,Cl,F)
ⓘ Uraninite
Formula: UO2
Description: Crystals to 20 cm
ⓘ 'Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)'
Formula: (Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
ⓘ Uranophane
Formula: Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
ⓘ Uranospathite
Formula: (Al,◻)(UO2)2(PO4)2F · 20(H2O,F)
ⓘ Uranospinite
Formula: Ca(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 10H2O
ⓘ Valleriite
Formula: (Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
ⓘ Variscite
Formula: AlPO4 · 2H2O
ⓘ Vesuvianite
Formula: Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
ⓘ Violarite
Formula: Fe2+Ni3+2S4
ⓘ Vivianite
Formula: Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Habit: Crystals to 0.5 cm
Description: A single find produced bright blue crystals
ⓘ 'Wad'
ⓘ Wadeite
Formula: K2Zr(Si3O9)
ⓘ Wavellite
Formula: Al3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
ⓘ Werdingite (TL)
Formula: (Mg,Fe)2Al14Si4B4O37
Description: In a gneiss
ⓘ Winchite
Formula: ◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Description: Prior to the approval of ferri-winchite in 2004, the name winchite was used for both Fe-dominant and Al dominant winchites. As all amphibole from Marinkas Kwelas are Fe-dominant, winchite with its post 2012 nomenclature definition is not present here.
ⓘ Witherite
Formula: BaCO3
ⓘ Wolfeite
Formula: Fe2+2(PO4)(OH)
ⓘ 'Wolframite Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Wollastonite
Formula: Ca3(Si3O9)
ⓘ Wulfenite
Formula: Pb(MoO4)
ⓘ 'Xenotime'
ⓘ Xenotime-(Y)
Formula: Y(PO4)
ⓘ Zaherite
Formula: Al12(SO4)5(OH)26 · 20H2O
Description: Occurs in the Wortel formation of the Bushmanland Group.
ⓘ Zeunerite
Formula: Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
ⓘ Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.
ⓘ Zirconolite
Formula: CaZrTi2O7
ⓘ Zoisite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘNative Copper1.AA.05Cu
ⓘNative Gold1.AA.05Au
ⓘNative Silver1.AA.05Ag
ⓘAuricupride ?1.AA.10aCu3Au
ⓘNative Iron1.AE.05Fe
ⓘvar. Kamacite1.AE.05(Fe,Ni)
ⓘTaenite1.AE.10(Fe,Ni)
ⓘNiggliite (TL)1.AG.60PtSn
ⓘCohenite1.BA.05Fe3C
ⓘPerryite1.BB.10(Ni,Fe)5(Si,P)2
ⓘSchreibersite1.BD.05(Fe,Ni)3P
ⓘNative Bismuth1.CA.05Bi
ⓘGraphite1.CB.05aC
ⓘDiamond1.CB.10aC
ⓘNative Sulphur1.CC.05S8
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘFroodite2.AC.45aα-PdBi2
ⓘChalcocite2.BA.05Cu2S
ⓘDigenite2.BA.10Cu9S5
ⓘBornite2.BA.15Cu5FeS4
ⓘRickardite2.BA.30Cu7Te5
ⓘAcanthite2.BA.35Ag2S
ⓘHessite2.BA.60Ag2Te
ⓘPentlandite2.BB.15(NixFey)Σ9S8
ⓘParkerite (TL)2.BE.20Ni3(Bi,Pb)2S2
ⓘCovellite2.CA.05aCuS
ⓘColoradoite2.CB.05aHgTe
ⓘSphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘTalnakhite ?2.CB.10bCu9(Fe,Ni)8S16
ⓘCubanite2.CB.55aCuFe2S3
ⓘIsocubanite2.CB.55bCuFe2S3
ⓘNickeline2.CC.05NiAs
ⓘPyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
ⓘTroilite2.CC.10FeS
ⓘMillerite2.CC.20NiS
ⓘMackinawite2.CC.25FeS
ⓘBraggite2.CC.35aPdPt3S4
ⓘCooperite2.CC.35bPtS
ⓘAlabandite2.CD.10MnS
ⓘClausthalite2.CD.10PbSe
ⓘGalena2.CD.10PbS
ⓘNiningerite2.CD.10MgS
ⓘOldhamite2.CD.10CaS
ⓘDaubréelite2.DA.05Fe2+Cr3+2S4
ⓘLinnaeite2.DA.05Co2+Co3+2S4
ⓘViolarite2.DA.05Fe2+Ni3+2S4
ⓘBismuthinite2.DB.05Bi2S3
ⓘTellurobismuthite2.DC.05Bi2Te3
ⓘTetradymite2.DC.05Bi2Te2S
ⓘSylvanite2.EA.05AgAuTe4
ⓘMelonite2.EA.20NiTe2
ⓘJordisite2.EA.30MoS2
ⓘMolybdenite2.EA.30MoS2
ⓘPyrite
var. Bravoite
2.EB.05a(Fe,Ni)S2
ⓘInsizwaite (TL)2.EB.05aPt(Bi,Sb)2
ⓘLaurite2.EB.05aRuS2
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
ⓘSperrylite2.EB.05aPtAs2
ⓘMarcasite2.EB.10aFeS2
ⓘAlloclasite2.EB.10bCo1-xFexAsS
ⓘLöllingite2.EB.15aFeAs2
ⓘArsenopyrite2.EB.20FeAsS
ⓘGudmundite2.EB.20FeSbS
ⓘCobaltite2.EB.25CoAsS
ⓘGersdorffite2.EB.25NiAsS
ⓘIrarsite2.EB.25(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
ⓘGersdorffite
var. Cobalt-bearing Gersdorffite
2.EB.25(Ni,Co)AsS with Os,Ir,Ru,Rh
ⓘDjerfisherite (TL)2.FC.05K6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
ⓘBartonite2.FC.10K6Fe20S26S
ⓘValleriite2.FD.30(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
ⓘ'Freibergite Subgroup'2.GB.05(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C2+2)Sb4S12S0-1
ⓘ'Tennantite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
ⓘ'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
ⓘEmplectite2.HA.05CuBiS2
ⓘGladite2.HB.05aPbCuBi5S9
ⓘHodrušite2.JA.10cCu8Bi12S22
ⓘPadĕraite2.JA.10eCu7[(Cu,Ag)0.33Pb1.33Bi11.33]S22
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘChlorargyrite3.AA.15AgCl
ⓘHalite3.AA.20NaCl
ⓘSylvite3.AA.20KCl
ⓘFluorite3.AB.25CaF2
ⓘvar. Yttrofluorite3.AB.25(Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05 < x < 0.3
ⓘFluocerite-(Ce)3.AC.15CeF3
ⓘAtacamite3.DA.10aCu2(OH)3Cl
ⓘParatacamite3.DA.10cCu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2
ⓘConnellite3.DA.25Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
ⓘDiaboleite3.DB.05Pb2CuCl2(OH)4
ⓘBismoclite (TL)3.DC.25BiOCl
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘGoethite4.00.Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘ'Microlite Group'4.00.A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n
ⓘ'Pyrochlore Group'4.00.A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
ⓘCuprite4.AA.10Cu2O
ⓘTenorite4.AB.10CuO
ⓘDelafossite4.AB.15Cu+Fe3+O2
ⓘChrysoberyl4.BA.05BeAl2O4
ⓘChromite4.BB.05Fe2+Cr3+2O4
ⓘFranklinite4.BB.05Zn2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘGahnite4.BB.05ZnAl2O4
ⓘHercynite4.BB.05Fe2+Al2O4
ⓘJacobsite4.BB.05Mn2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘQandilite4.BB.05(Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4
ⓘSpinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
ⓘUlvöspinel4.BB.05TiFe2+2O4
ⓘMaghemite4.BB.15(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4
ⓘCorundum4.CB.05Al2O3
ⓘHematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘIlmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
ⓘHematite
var. Martite
4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘvar. Specularite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘBismite4.CB.60Bi2O3
ⓘPerovskite4.CC.30CaTiO3
ⓘDavidite-(La)4.CC.40La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
ⓘQuartz
var. Agate
4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Amethyst4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Blue Lace Agate4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Chalcedony4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. "Herkimer-style" Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Moss Agate4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘ4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Rose Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Smoky Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Milky Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Sceptre Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘOpal
var. Opal-AN
4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘ4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘCassiterite4.DB.05SnO2
ⓘRutile
var. Ilmenorutile
4.DB.05(Ti,Nb)O2
ⓘPyrolusite4.DB.05Mn4+O2
ⓘRutile4.DB.05TiO2
ⓘSamarskite-(Y)4.DB.25YFe3+Nb2O8
ⓘFerberite4.DB.30FeWO4
ⓘHübnerite4.DB.30MnWO4
ⓘ'Wolframite Group'4.DB.30 va
ⓘTantalite-(Mn)4.DB.35Mn2+Ta2O6
ⓘAnatase4.DD.05TiO2
ⓘBrookite4.DD.10TiO2
ⓘEuxenite-(Y)4.DG.05(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
ⓘBrannerite4.DH.05UTi2O6
ⓘZirconolite4.DH.30CaZrTi2O7
ⓘRomanèchite4.DK.10(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
ⓘCerianite-(Ce)4.DL.05(Ce4+,Th)O2
ⓘThorianite4.DL.05ThO2
ⓘUraninite4.DL.05UO2
ⓘDiaspore4.FD.10AlO(OH)
ⓘLepidocrocite4.FE.15Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘIlsemannite4.FJ.15Mo3O8 · nH2O
ⓘBecquerelite4.GB.10Ca(UO2)6O4(OH)6 · 8H2O
ⓘCurite4.GB.55Pb3(H2O)2[(UO2)4O4(OH)3]2
ⓘIriginite4.GB.60(UO2)Mo2O7 · 3H2O
ⓘCarnotite4.HB.05K2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘNatrite5.AA.10Na2CO3
ⓘGregoryite5.AA.10(Na2,K2,Ca)CO3
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘMagnesite5.AB.05MgCO3
ⓘRhodochrosite5.AB.05MnCO3
ⓘSiderite5.AB.05FeCO3
ⓘSmithsonite5.AB.05ZnCO3
ⓘCalcite
var. Iceland Spar
5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘAnkerite5.AB.10Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
ⓘDolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
ⓘCerussite5.AB.15PbCO3
ⓘWitherite5.AB.15BaCO3
ⓘNorsethite5.AB.30BaMg(CO3)2
ⓘEitelite5.AC.05Na2Mg(CO3)2
ⓘNyerereite5.AC.10Na2Ca(CO3)2
ⓘBütschliite5.AC.15K2Ca(CO3)2
ⓘAzurite5.BA.05Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
ⓘMalachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
ⓘSynchysite-(Y)5.BD.20cCaY(CO3)2F
ⓘBismutite5.BE.25(BiO)2CO3
ⓘNorthupite5.BF.05Na3Mg(CO3)2Cl
ⓘBradleyite5.BF.10Na3Mg(CO3)(PO4)
ⓘLeadhillite5.BF.40Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘArcanite7.AD.05K2SO4
ⓘAnhydrite7.AD.30CaSO4
ⓘAnglesite7.AD.35PbSO4
ⓘBaryte7.AD.35BaSO4
ⓘBrochantite7.BB.25Cu4(SO4)(OH)6
ⓘAlunite7.BC.10KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘBeaverite-(Cu)7.BC.10Pb(Fe3+2Cu)(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘJarosite7.BC.10KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘNatroalunite7.BC.10NaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘPlumbojarosite7.BC.10Pb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘCaledonite7.BC.50Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
ⓘLinarite7.BC.65PbCu(SO4)(OH)2
ⓘSzomolnokite7.CB.05FeSO4 · H2O
ⓘRozenite7.CB.15FeSO4 · 4H2O
ⓘChalcanthite7.CB.20CuSO4 · 5H2O
ⓘFerrohexahydrite7.CB.25FeSO4 · 6H2O
ⓘMelanterite7.CB.35Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
ⓘCoquimbite7.CB.55AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
ⓘHalotrichite7.CB.85FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
ⓘPickeringite7.CB.85MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
ⓘKalinite7.CC.15KAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
ⓘGypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
ⓘCopiapite7.DB.35Fe2+Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
ⓘFerricopiapite7.DB.35Fe3+0.67Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
ⓘCyanotrichite7.DE.10Cu4Al2(SO4)(OH)12 · 2H2O
ⓘZaherite7.DE.65Al12(SO4)5(OH)26 · 20H2O
ⓘFergusonite-(Y)7.GA.05YNbO4
ⓘScheelite7.GA.05Ca(WO4)
ⓘWulfenite7.GA.05Pb(MoO4)
ⓘCuprotungstite7.GB.15Cu2(WO4)(OH)2
ⓘFerrimolybdite7.GB.30Fe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘTriphylite
var. Ferrisicklerite
8.AB.10Li1-x(Fe3+xFe2+1-x)PO4
ⓘHeterosite8.AB.10(Fe3+,Mn3+)PO4
ⓘLithiophilite8.AB.10LiMn2+PO4
ⓘPurpurite8.AB.10Mn3+(PO4)
ⓘLithiophilite
var. Sicklerite
8.AB.10Li1-x(Mn3+xMn2+1-x)PO4
ⓘTriphylite8.AB.10LiFe2+PO4
ⓘGraftonite8.AB.20Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2
ⓘXenotime-(Y)8.AD.35Y(PO4)
ⓘMonazite-(Ce)8.AD.50Ce(PO4)
ⓘAmblygonite8.BB.05LiAl(PO4)F
ⓘTriplite8.BB.10Mn2+2(PO4)F
ⓘTriploidite8.BB.15Mn2+2(PO4)(OH)
ⓘWolfeite8.BB.15Fe2+2(PO4)(OH)
ⓘLibethenite8.BB.30Cu2(PO4)(OH)
ⓘPseudomalachite8.BD.05Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4
ⓘReichenbachite8.BD.05Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4
ⓘCornetite8.BE.15Cu3(PO4)(OH)3
ⓘMottramite8.BH.40PbCu(VO4)(OH)
ⓘCorkite8.BL.05PbFe3+3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
ⓘCrandallite8.BL.10CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
ⓘPlumbogummite8.BL.10PbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
ⓘFluorapatite
var. Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite
8.BN.05Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
ⓘ8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3F
ⓘPyromorphite8.BN.05Pb5(PO4)3Cl
ⓘPhosphohedyphane8.BN.05Ca2Pb3(PO4)3Cl
ⓘFaheyite8.CA.15Be2Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)4 · 6H2O
ⓘHureaulite8.CB.10Mn2+5(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
ⓘPhosphosiderite8.CD.05FePO4 · 2H2O
ⓘScorodite8.CD.10Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
ⓘStrengite8.CD.10FePO4 · 2H2O
ⓘVariscite8.CD.10AlPO4 · 2H2O
ⓘAnnabergite8.CE.40Ni3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘVivianite8.CE.40Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘStruvite8.CH.40(NH4)Mg(PO4) · 6H2O
ⓘStercorite (TL)8.CJ.05(NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
ⓘMoraesite8.DA.05Be2(PO4)(OH) · 4H2O
ⓘSarmientite8.DB.35Fe3+2(AsO4)(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O
ⓘWavellite8.DC.50Al3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
ⓘTurquoise8.DD.15CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
ⓘHotsonite (TL)8.DF.05Al11(SO4)3(PO4)2(OH)21 · 16H2O
ⓘMitridatite8.DH.30Ca2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
ⓘRobertsite8.DH.30Ca2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
ⓘDufrénite8.DK.15Ca0.5Fe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
ⓘCyrilovite8.DL.10NaFe3+3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
ⓘAutunite8.EB.05Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
ⓘHydronováčekite8.EB.05Mg(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
ⓘTorbernite8.EB.05Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O
ⓘUranospinite8.EB.05Ca(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 10H2O
ⓘZeunerite8.EB.05Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
ⓘMeta-autunite8.EB.10Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
ⓘMetauranospinite8.EB.10Ca(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘMetakahlerite8.EB.10Fe2+(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘMetatorbernite8.EB.10Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘMetazeunerite8.EB.10Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘAbernathyite8.EB.15K(UO2)(AsO4) · 3H2O
ⓘUranospathite8.EB.25(Al,◻)(UO2)2(PO4)2F · 20(H2O,F)
ⓘSabugalite8.EB.55HAl(UO2)4(PO4)4 · 16H2O
ⓘArsenuranylite8.EC.10Ca(UO2)4(AsO4)2(OH)4 · 6H2O
ⓘPhosphuranylite8.EC.10KCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘEucryptite9.AA.05LiAlSiO4
ⓘPhenakite9.AA.05Be2SiO4
ⓘFayalite9.AC.05Fe2+2SiO4
ⓘForsterite9.AC.05Mg2SiO4
ⓘMonticellite9.AC.10CaMgSiO4
ⓘAndradite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘAlmandine9.AD.25Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘCalderite9.AD.25Mn2+3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘGrossular9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘSpessartine9.AD.25Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘAndradite
var. Melanite
9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘCoffinite9.AD.30U(SiO4) · nH2O
ⓘThorite
var. Orangite
9.AD.30Th(SiO4)
ⓘ9.AD.30Th(SiO4)
ⓘZircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
ⓘThorite
var. Uranothorite
9.AD.30(Th,U)SiO4
ⓘSillimanite9.AF.05Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘAndalusite9.AF.10Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘKyanite9.AF.15Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘStaurolite9.AF.30Fe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH)
ⓘTopaz9.AF.35Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
ⓘHumite9.AF.50Mg7(SiO4)3F2
ⓘBraunite9.AG.05Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8
ⓘTitanite9.AG.15CaTi(SiO4)O
ⓘChantalite9.AG.55CaAl2(SiO4)(OH)4
ⓘGrandidierite9.AJ.05(Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2
ⓘDumortierite9.AJ.10Al(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)
ⓘGadolinite-(Y)9.AJ.20Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
ⓘSoddyite9.AK.05(UO2)2SiO4 · 2H2O
ⓘBoltwoodite9.AK.15(K,Na)(UO2)(SiO3OH) · 1.5H2O
ⓘParauranophane9.AK.15Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
ⓘUranophane9.AK.15Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
ⓘKhibinskite9.BC.10K2ZrSi2O7
ⓘBertrandite9.BD.05Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2
ⓘHemimorphite9.BD.10Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
ⓘAxinite-(Fe)9.BD.20Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
ⓘWerdingite (TL)9.BD.35(Mg,Fe)2Al14Si4B4O37
ⓘClinozoisite9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘEpidote9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘAllanite-(Ce)9.BG.05b(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘZoisite9.BG.10(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘVesuvianite9.BG.35Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
ⓘKornerupine9.BJ.50Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
ⓘWadeite9.CA.10K2Zr(Si3O9)
ⓘBeryl
var. Aquamarine
9.CJ.05Be3Al2Si6O18
ⓘ9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
ⓘCordierite9.CJ.10Mg2Al4Si5O18
ⓘDioptase9.CJ.30CuSiO3 · H2O
ⓘDravite9.CK.05NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘElbaite9.CK.05Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘSchorl9.CK.05NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘOsumilite-(Mg)9.CM.05K◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30]
ⓘEudialyte9.CO.10Na15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
ⓘEnstatite9.DA.05Mg2Si2O6
ⓘFerrosilite9.DA.05Fe2+2Si2O6
ⓘEnstatite
var. Bronzite
9.DA.05(Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2
ⓘPigeonite9.DA.10(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘAugite9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘDiopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
ⓘHedenbergite9.DA.15CaFe2+Si2O6
ⓘvar. Ferrosalite9.DA.15CaFe2+Si2O6
ⓘAugite
var. Ferroaugite
9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘAegirine-augite9.DA.20(NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
ⓘAegirine9.DA.25NaFe3+Si2O6
ⓘSpodumene9.DA.30LiAlSi2O6
ⓘPlancheite9.DB.35Cu8(Si8O22)(OH)4 · H2O
ⓘAnthophyllite9.DD.05◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘGedrite9.DD.05◻{Mg2}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
ⓘCummingtonite9.DE.05◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘGrunerite9.DE.05◻{Fe2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘActinolite9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘMagnesio-hornblende (TL)9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
ⓘTremolite9.DE.10◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘHastingsite9.DE.15NaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
ⓘKaersutite9.DE.15NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
ⓘMagnesio-hastingsite9.DE.15NaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
ⓘ'Ferro-ferri-winchite'9.DE.20◻[CaNa][Fe2+4(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘ'Ferro-ferri-taramite' ?9.DE.20Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
ⓘFerro-ferri-katophorite9.DE.20Na(NaCa)(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
ⓘWinchite ?9.DE.20◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘTaramite ?9.DE.20Na(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
ⓘKatophorite ?9.DE.20{Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
ⓘArfvedsonite9.DE.25[Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘRiebeckite9.DE.25◻[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘBavenite9.DF.25Ca4Be2Al2Si9O26(OH)2
ⓘWollastonite9.DG.05Ca3(Si3O9)
ⓘSapphirine9.DH.45Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
ⓘRhodonite9.DK.05CaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
ⓘPyroxmangite9.DO.05Mn2+SiO3
ⓘPrehnite (TL)9.DP.20Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
ⓘFluorapophyllite-(K)9.EA.15KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
ⓘTalc9.EC.05Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘPyrophyllite9.EC.10Al2Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘMuscovite
var. Illite
9.EC.15K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
ⓘ9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘTainiolite9.EC.15KLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
ⓘMuscovite
var. Sericite
9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘAnnite9.EC.20KFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘPhlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘSiderophyllite9.EC.20KFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
ⓘTetraferriphlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
ⓘFerrokinoshitalite (TL)9.EC.35(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2
ⓘMontmorillonite9.EC.40(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘNontronite9.EC.40Na0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘSaponite ?9.EC.45Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘSauconite9.EC.45Na0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O
ⓘClinochlore9.EC.55Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
ⓘvar. Ripidolite9.EC.55(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8
ⓘ'Clinochrysotile'9.ED.Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘDickite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘKaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘNacrite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘAllophane9.ED.20(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
ⓘChrysocolla9.ED.20Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
ⓘTruscottite9.EE.35(Ca,Mn)14Si24O58(OH)8 · 2H2O
ⓘPetalite9.EF.05LiAl(Si4O10)
ⓘNepheline9.FA.05Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
ⓘMicrocline
var. Amazonite
9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘvar. Hyalophane9.FA.30(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘ9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘOrthoclase9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘSanidine9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘAlbite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘvar. Andesine9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘAnorthite9.FA.35Ca(Al2Si2O8)
ⓘvar. Bytownite9.FA.35(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
ⓘvar. Labradorite9.FA.35(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
ⓘAlbite
var. Oligoclase
9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘvar. Cleavelandite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘCancrinite9.FB.05(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
ⓘSodalite9.FB.10Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
ⓘMesolite9.GA.05Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
ⓘNatrolite9.GA.05Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
ⓘThomsonite-Ca9.GA.10NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
ⓘAnalcime9.GB.05Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
ⓘPollucite9.GB.05(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
ⓘLaumontite9.GB.10CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
ⓘPhillipsite-Ca9.GC.10Ca3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
ⓘPhillipsite-Na9.GC.10(Na,K,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] · 12H2O
ⓘChabazite-Ca9.GD.10(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
ⓘChabazite-Na9.GD.10(Na2,K2,Ca,Sr,Mg)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
ⓘMordenite9.GD.35(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
ⓘEpistilbite9.GD.45CaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O
ⓘHeulandite-Ca9.GE.05(Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O
ⓘStellerite9.GE.15Ca4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
ⓘCreaseyite9.HH.15Pb2Cu2Fe3+2(Si4.67Al0.33)O15.33(OH)3 · H2O
Unclassified
ⓘ'Alkali Feldspar'-
ⓘ'Amphibole Supergroup'-AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
ⓘ'Apophyllite Group'-AB4[Si8O22]X · 8H2O
ⓘ'Bastnäsite'-(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
ⓘ'Pyrochlore Supergroup
var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)'
-(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
ⓘ'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘ'Chabazite'-
ⓘ'Chlorite Group'-
ⓘ'Clay minerals'-
ⓘ'Crossite'-
ⓘ'Cualstibite-1M'-(Cu,Al)3(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
ⓘ'Desert Rose'-
ⓘ'Feldspar Group'-
ⓘ'Gummite'-
ⓘ'Heulandite Subgroup'-(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
ⓘ'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup
var. Hornblende'
-AnCa2(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ'Hypersthene'-(Mg,Fe)SiO3
ⓘ'Lead-parkerite'-Ni3Pb2S2
ⓘ'Lepidolite'-
ⓘ'Limonite'-
ⓘ'Monazite Group'-REE(PO4)
ⓘ'Phillipsite Subgroup'-(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
ⓘ'Pumpellyite Subgroup'-Ca2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
ⓘ'Tourmaline
var. Rubellite'
-A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘ'Stilbite Subgroup'-M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
ⓘ'Tantalite'-(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
ⓘ'Tapiolite'-(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
ⓘ'Tourmaline'-AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘ'Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)'-(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
ⓘ'Wad'-
ⓘ'Xenotime'-
ⓘ'Feldspar Group
var. Perthite'
-
ⓘ'Mica Group'-
ⓘ'Synchysite'-Ca(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
ⓘ'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Almandine-Pyrope Series'-
ⓘ'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'-
ⓘ'Fayalite-Tephroite Series'-
ⓘ'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series'-
ⓘ'Dravite-Schorl Series'-
ⓘ'Scapolite'-
ⓘ'Hornblende Root Name Group'-◻Ca2(Z2+4Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ'Pyrosmalite-(Fe)-Pyrosmalite-(Mn) Series'-
ⓘ'Diopside-Hedenbergite Series'-
ⓘ'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ'Fayalite-Tephroite Series
var. Knebelite'
-from (Fe1.5Mn0.5)2SiO4 to (Mn1.5Fe0.5)2SiO4
ⓘ'K Feldspar'-
ⓘ'Pyroxene Group'-ADSi2O6
ⓘ'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)'-
ⓘ'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ'Columbite-Tantalite'-
ⓘ'Gadolinite'-
ⓘ'Meteoritic Iron'-
ⓘ'Silica'-
ⓘ'Plessite'-
ⓘ'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Serpentine Subgroup'-D3[Si2O5](OH)4
ⓘ'Glass'-
ⓘ'Manganese Oxides
var. Manganese Dendrites'
-
ⓘ''-
ⓘ'Saussurite'-
ⓘ'Pyrochlore Supergroup'-A2-mD2X6-wZ1-n
ⓘ'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ'Axinite Group'-
ⓘ'Olivine Group'-M2SiO4
ⓘ'Melilite Group'-Ca2M(XSiO7)
ⓘ'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'-AnCa2(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ'Lithiophilite-Triphylite Series'-
ⓘ'Högbomite Group'-
ⓘ'Allanite Group'-(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ'Sodic amphibole'-
ⓘ'Alkali pyroxene'-
ⓘ'Iron oxide'-
ⓘ'Glimmerite'-
ⓘ'Rhombohedral Carbonate'-(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
ⓘ'UM2002-53-PO:CaHPb'-Ca2Pb3(PO4)3(OH,Cl,F)
ⓘ'Ba Feldspar'-

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ AbernathyiteK(UO2)(AsO4) · 3H2O
Hⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Hⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Hⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Hⓘ AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Hⓘ AnniteKFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Anthophyllite◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Apophyllite GroupAB4[Si8O22]X · 8H2O
Hⓘ Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ ArsenuranyliteCa(UO2)4(AsO4)2(OH)4 · 6H2O
Hⓘ AtacamiteCu2(OH)3Cl
Hⓘ AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
Hⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Hⓘ BaveniteCa4Be2Al2Si9O26(OH)2
Hⓘ Beaverite-(Cu)Pb(Fe23+Cu)(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ BecquereliteCa(UO2)6O4(OH)6 · 8H2O
Hⓘ BertranditeBe4(Si2O7)(OH)2
Hⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Hⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Hⓘ Boltwoodite(K,Na)(UO2)(SiO3OH) · 1.5H2O
Hⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Hⓘ CaledonitePb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Hⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Hⓘ CarnotiteK2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
Hⓘ ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
Hⓘ ChantaliteCaAl2(SiO4)(OH)4
Hⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Hⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Hⓘ ClinochrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ CoffiniteU(SiO4) · nH2O
Hⓘ ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Hⓘ CopiapiteFe2+Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Hⓘ CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
Hⓘ CorkitePbFe33+(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Hⓘ CornetiteCu3(PO4)(OH)3
Hⓘ CrandalliteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Hⓘ CreaseyitePb2Cu2Fe23+(Si4.67Al0.33)O15.33(OH)3 · H2O
Hⓘ Cummingtonite◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ CuprotungstiteCu2(WO4)(OH)2
Hⓘ CuritePb3(H2O)2[(UO2)4O4(OH)3]2
Hⓘ Cualstibite-1M(Cu,Al)3(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
Hⓘ CyanotrichiteCu4Al2(SO4)(OH)12 · 2H2O
Hⓘ CyriloviteNaFe33+(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
Hⓘ DiaboleitePb2CuCl2(OH)4
Hⓘ DiasporeAlO(OH)
Hⓘ DickiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ DioptaseCuSiO3 · H2O
Hⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ DufréniteCa0.5Fe2+Fe53+(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Hⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ EpistilbiteCaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O
Hⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Hⓘ FaheyiteBe2Mn2+Fe23+(PO4)4 · 6H2O
Hⓘ Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
Hⓘ Ferro-ferri-winchite◻[CaNa][Fe42+(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ Ferro-ferri-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ FerricopiapiteFe3+0.67Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Hⓘ Ferro-ferri-katophoriteNa(NaCa)(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Hⓘ FerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
Hⓘ FerrohexahydriteFeSO4 · 6H2O
Hⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
Hⓘ Gedrite◻{Mg2}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Hⓘ Grunerite◻{Fe22+}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Hⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Hⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Hⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Hⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Hⓘ HotsoniteAl11(SO4)3(PO4)2(OH)21 · 16H2O
Hⓘ HureauliteMn52+(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
Hⓘ Opal var. Opal-ANSiO2 · nH2O
Hⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Hⓘ IlsemanniteMo3O8 · nH2O
Hⓘ Iriginite(UO2)Mo2O7 · 3H2O
Hⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
Hⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Hⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Hⓘ LeadhillitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Hⓘ LepidocrociteFe3+O(OH)
Hⓘ LibetheniteCu2(PO4)(OH)
Hⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Hⓘ Magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Hⓘ Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Hⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Hⓘ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Hⓘ MesoliteNa2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Hⓘ Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Hⓘ MetauranospiniteCa(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Hⓘ MetakahleriteFe2+(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Hⓘ MetatorberniteCu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Hⓘ MetazeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Hⓘ MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Hⓘ MoraesiteBe2(PO4)(OH) · 4H2O
Hⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Hⓘ MottramitePbCu(VO4)(OH)
Hⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Hⓘ NacriteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ NatroaluniteNaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Hⓘ HydronováčekiteMg(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
Hⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Hⓘ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Hⓘ ParatacamiteCu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2
Hⓘ PhosphuranyliteKCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O
Hⓘ PhosphosideriteFePO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Hⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Hⓘ PlancheiteCu8(Si8O22)(OH)4 · H2O
Hⓘ PlumbogummitePbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Hⓘ PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Hⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Hⓘ PseudomalachiteCu5(PO4)2(OH)4
Hⓘ Pumpellyite SubgroupCa2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
Hⓘ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Hⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Hⓘ ReichenbachiteCu5(PO4)2(OH)4
Hⓘ Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ Clinochlore var. Ripidolite(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8
Hⓘ RobertsiteCa2Mn33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Hⓘ Romanèchite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Hⓘ RozeniteFeSO4 · 4H2O
Hⓘ SabugaliteHAl(UO2)4(PO4)4 · 16H2O
Hⓘ SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Hⓘ SarmientiteFe23+(AsO4)(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O
Hⓘ SauconiteNa0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O
Hⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ SiderophylliteKFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Soddyite(UO2)2SiO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
Hⓘ StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
Hⓘ Stercorite(NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
Hⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Hⓘ StrengiteFePO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ Struvite(NH4)Mg(PO4) · 6H2O
Hⓘ SzomolnokiteFeSO4 · H2O
Hⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Hⓘ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
Hⓘ Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Hⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Hⓘ TorberniteCu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O
Hⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ TriploiditeMn22+(PO4)(OH)
Hⓘ Truscottite(Ca,Mn)14Si24O58(OH)8 · 2H2O
Hⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Hⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Hⓘ ParauranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Hⓘ UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Hⓘ Uranospathite(Al,◻)(UO2)2(PO4)2F · 20(H2O,F)
Hⓘ UranospiniteCa(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 10H2O
Hⓘ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Hⓘ VarisciteAlPO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ VivianiteFe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Hⓘ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Hⓘ WavelliteAl3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Hⓘ Winchite◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ WolfeiteFe22+(PO4)(OH)
Hⓘ ZaheriteAl12(SO4)5(OH)26 · 20H2O
Hⓘ ZeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
Hⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ TaramiteNa(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Chabazite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Hⓘ Chabazite-Na(Na2,K2,Ca,Sr,Mg)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Hⓘ Ferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2
Hⓘ Heulandite-Ca(Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O
Hⓘ Katophorite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
Hⓘ Phillipsite-CaCa3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
Hⓘ Phillipsite-Na(Na,K,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] · 12H2O
Hⓘ Dravite-Schorl Series
Hⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Hⓘ Pyrosmalite-(Fe)-Pyrosmalite-(Mn) Series
Hⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Hⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Hⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Hⓘ Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ UM2002-53-PO:CaHPbCa2Pb3(PO4)3(OH,Cl,F)
LiLithium
Liⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Liⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Liⓘ EucryptiteLiAlSiO4
Liⓘ Triphylite var. FerrisickleriteLi1-x(Fex3+Fe2+1-x)PO4
Liⓘ LithiophiliteLiMn2+PO4
Liⓘ PetaliteLiAl(Si4O10)
Liⓘ Lithiophilite var. SickleriteLi1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4
Liⓘ SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Liⓘ TriphyliteLiFe2+PO4
Liⓘ TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
Liⓘ Lithiophilite-Triphylite Series
BeBeryllium
Beⓘ Beryl var. AquamarineBe3Al2Si6O18
Beⓘ BaveniteCa4Be2Al2Si9O26(OH)2
Beⓘ BertranditeBe4(Si2O7)(OH)2
Beⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Beⓘ ChrysoberylBeAl2O4
Beⓘ FaheyiteBe2Mn2+Fe23+(PO4)4 · 6H2O
Beⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
Beⓘ MoraesiteBe2(PO4)(OH) · 4H2O
Beⓘ PhenakiteBe2SiO4
BBoron
Bⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bⓘ DumortieriteAl(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)
Bⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bⓘ Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
Bⓘ Grandidierite(Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2
Bⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Bⓘ Tourmaline var. RubelliteA(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Bⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bⓘ TourmalineAD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Bⓘ Werdingite(Mg,Fe)2Al14Si4B4O37
Bⓘ Dravite-Schorl Series
CCarbon
Cⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Cⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Cⓘ Bismutite(BiO)2CO3
Cⓘ BradleyiteNa3Mg(CO3)(PO4)
Cⓘ BütschliiteK2Ca(CO3)2
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Cⓘ CaledonitePb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Cⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Cⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
Cⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Cⓘ CoheniteFe3C
Cⓘ DiamondC
Cⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Cⓘ EiteliteNa2Mg(CO3)2
Cⓘ GraphiteC
Cⓘ LeadhillitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Cⓘ MagnesiteMgCO3
Cⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cⓘ NatriteNa2CO3
Cⓘ NorsethiteBaMg(CO3)2
Cⓘ NorthupiteNa3Mg(CO3)2Cl
Cⓘ NyerereiteNa2Ca(CO3)2
Cⓘ RhodochrositeMnCO3
Cⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Cⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
Cⓘ Synchysite-(Y)CaY(CO3)2F
Cⓘ WitheriteBaCO3
Cⓘ Calcite var. Iceland SparCaCO3
Cⓘ Gregoryite(Na2,K2,Ca)CO3
Cⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
Cⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
NNitrogen
Nⓘ Stercorite(NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
Nⓘ Struvite(NH4)Mg(PO4) · 6H2O
OOxygen
Oⓘ AbernathyiteK(UO2)(AsO4) · 3H2O
Oⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Oⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Oⓘ Quartz var. AgateSiO2
Oⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Oⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ Microcline var. AmazoniteK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Oⓘ Quartz var. AmethystSiO2
Oⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Oⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Oⓘ AnataseTiO2
Oⓘ AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Oⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Oⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Oⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Oⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Oⓘ AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Oⓘ AnniteKFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Oⓘ Anthophyllite◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Apophyllite GroupAB4[Si8O22]X · 8H2O
Oⓘ Beryl var. AquamarineBe3Al2Si6O18
Oⓘ ArcaniteK2SO4
Oⓘ Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ ArsenuranyliteCa(UO2)4(AsO4)2(OH)4 · 6H2O
Oⓘ AtacamiteCu2(OH)3Cl
Oⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oⓘ AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
Oⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Oⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Oⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Oⓘ BaveniteCa4Be2Al2Si9O26(OH)2
Oⓘ Beaverite-(Cu)Pb(Fe23+Cu)(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ BecquereliteCa(UO2)6O4(OH)6 · 8H2O
Oⓘ BertranditeBe4(Si2O7)(OH)2
Oⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Oⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Oⓘ BismiteBi2O3
Oⓘ BismocliteBiOCl
Oⓘ Bismutite(BiO)2CO3
Oⓘ Quartz var. Blue Lace AgateSiO2
Oⓘ Boltwoodite(K,Na)(UO2)(SiO3OH) · 1.5H2O
Oⓘ BradleyiteNa3Mg(CO3)(PO4)
Oⓘ BranneriteUTi2O6
Oⓘ BrauniteMn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8
Oⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Oⓘ BrookiteTiO2
Oⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Oⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Oⓘ BütschliiteK2Ca(CO3)2
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ CalderiteMn32+Fe23+(SiO4)3
Oⓘ CaledonitePb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Oⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Oⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
Oⓘ CarnotiteK2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
Oⓘ CassiteriteSnO2
Oⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)(Ce4+,Th)O2
Oⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Oⓘ ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
Oⓘ Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
Oⓘ ChantaliteCaAl2(SiO4)(OH)4
Oⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Oⓘ ChrysoberylBeAl2O4
Oⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Oⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Oⓘ ClinochrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ CoffiniteU(SiO4) · nH2O
Oⓘ ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Oⓘ CopiapiteFe2+Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Oⓘ CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
Oⓘ CordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
Oⓘ CorkitePbFe33+(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Oⓘ CornetiteCu3(PO4)(OH)3
Oⓘ CorundumAl2O3
Oⓘ CrandalliteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Oⓘ CreaseyitePb2Cu2Fe23+(Si4.67Al0.33)O15.33(OH)3 · H2O
Oⓘ Cummingtonite◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ CupriteCu2O
Oⓘ CuprotungstiteCu2(WO4)(OH)2
Oⓘ CuritePb3(H2O)2[(UO2)4O4(OH)3]2
Oⓘ Cualstibite-1M(Cu,Al)3(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
Oⓘ CyanotrichiteCu4Al2(SO4)(OH)12 · 2H2O
Oⓘ CyriloviteNaFe33+(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
Oⓘ DelafossiteCu+Fe3+O2
Oⓘ DiaboleitePb2CuCl2(OH)4
Oⓘ DiasporeAlO(OH)
Oⓘ DickiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Oⓘ DioptaseCuSiO3 · H2O
Oⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Oⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ DufréniteCa0.5Fe2+Fe53+(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Oⓘ DumortieriteAl(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)
Oⓘ EiteliteNa2Mg(CO3)2
Oⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Oⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ EpistilbiteCaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O
Oⓘ EucryptiteLiAlSiO4
Oⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Oⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Oⓘ FaheyiteBe2Mn2+Fe23+(PO4)4 · 6H2O
Oⓘ FayaliteFe22+SiO4
Oⓘ Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
Oⓘ Ferro-ferri-winchite◻[CaNa][Fe42+(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ FerberiteFeWO4
Oⓘ Fergusonite-(Y)YNbO4
Oⓘ Ferro-ferri-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ FerricopiapiteFe3+0.67Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Oⓘ Ferro-ferri-katophoriteNa(NaCa)(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Oⓘ FerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
Oⓘ Triphylite var. FerrisickleriteLi1-x(Fex3+Fe2+1-x)PO4
Oⓘ FerrohexahydriteFeSO4 · 6H2O
Oⓘ FerrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Oⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Oⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
Oⓘ ForsteriteMg2SiO4
Oⓘ FrankliniteZn2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
Oⓘ GahniteZnAl2O4
Oⓘ Gedrite◻{Mg2}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Oⓘ GraftoniteFe2+Fe22+(PO4)2
Oⓘ Grandidierite(Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2
Oⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Grunerite◻{Fe22+}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Oⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Oⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Oⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Oⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Oⓘ HercyniteFe2+Al2O4
Oⓘ Quartz var. "Herkimer-style" QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ Heterosite(Fe3+,Mn3+)PO4
Oⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Oⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Oⓘ HotsoniteAl11(SO4)3(PO4)2(OH)21 · 16H2O
Oⓘ HübneriteMnWO4
Oⓘ HumiteMg7(SiO4)3F2
Oⓘ HureauliteMn52+(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
Oⓘ Opal var. Opal-ANSiO2 · nH2O
Oⓘ Microcline var. Hyalophane(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Oⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Oⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Oⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Oⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile(Ti,Nb)O2
Oⓘ IlsemanniteMo3O8 · nH2O
Oⓘ Iriginite(UO2)Mo2O7 · 3H2O
Oⓘ JacobsiteMn2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Oⓘ KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
Oⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ KhibinskiteK2ZrSi2O7
Oⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Oⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Oⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Oⓘ LeadhillitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Oⓘ LepidocrociteFe3+O(OH)
Oⓘ LibetheniteCu2(PO4)(OH)
Oⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Oⓘ LithiophiliteLiMn2+PO4
Oⓘ MagnesiteMgCO3
Oⓘ Magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Oⓘ Tantalite-(Mn)Mn2+Ta2O6
Oⓘ Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Oⓘ Maghemite(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe23+O4
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Oⓘ Hematite var. MartiteFe2O3
Oⓘ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Oⓘ MesoliteNa2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Oⓘ Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Oⓘ MetauranospiniteCa(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Oⓘ MetakahleriteFe2+(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Oⓘ MetatorberniteCu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Oⓘ MetazeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Oⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Oⓘ Monazite GroupREE(PO4)
Oⓘ Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
Oⓘ MonticelliteCaMgSiO4
Oⓘ MoraesiteBe2(PO4)(OH) · 4H2O
Oⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Oⓘ Quartz var. Moss AgateSiO2
Oⓘ MottramitePbCu(VO4)(OH)
Oⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Oⓘ NacriteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ NatriteNa2CO3
Oⓘ NatroaluniteNaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Oⓘ NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Oⓘ NorsethiteBaMg(CO3)2
Oⓘ NorthupiteNa3Mg(CO3)2Cl
Oⓘ HydronováčekiteMg(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
Oⓘ NyerereiteNa2Ca(CO3)2
Oⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Oⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Oⓘ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Oⓘ Thorite var. OrangiteTh(SiO4)
Oⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ Osumilite-(Mg)K◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30]
Oⓘ ParatacamiteCu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2
Oⓘ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Oⓘ PetaliteLiAl(Si4O10)
Oⓘ PhosphuranyliteKCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O
Oⓘ PhosphosideriteFePO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ PhenakiteBe2SiO4
Oⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Oⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Oⓘ Pigeonite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oⓘ PlancheiteCu8(Si8O22)(OH)4 · H2O
Oⓘ PlumbogummitePbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Oⓘ PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Oⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Oⓘ PseudomalachiteCu5(PO4)2(OH)4
Oⓘ Pumpellyite SubgroupCa2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
Oⓘ PurpuriteMn3+(PO4)
Oⓘ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Oⓘ PyrolusiteMn4+O2
Oⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Oⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Oⓘ PyroxmangiteMn2+SiO3
Oⓘ Qandilite(Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ ReichenbachiteCu5(PO4)2(OH)4
Oⓘ RhodochrositeMnCO3
Oⓘ RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Oⓘ Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ Clinochlore var. Ripidolite(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8
Oⓘ RobertsiteCa2Mn33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Oⓘ Romanèchite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Oⓘ Quartz var. Rose QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ RozeniteFeSO4 · 4H2O
Oⓘ Tourmaline var. RubelliteA(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Oⓘ RutileTiO2
Oⓘ SabugaliteHAl(UO2)4(PO4)4 · 16H2O
Oⓘ Samarskite-(Y)YFe3+Nb2O8
Oⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Oⓘ SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Oⓘ SarmientiteFe23+(AsO4)(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O
Oⓘ SauconiteNa0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O
Oⓘ ScheeliteCa(WO4)
Oⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ Lithiophilite var. SickleriteLi1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4
Oⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Oⓘ SiderophylliteKFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
Oⓘ Quartz var. Smoky QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Oⓘ Soddyite(UO2)2SiO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Oⓘ SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Oⓘ StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
Oⓘ StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
Oⓘ Stercorite(NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
Oⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Oⓘ StrengiteFePO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ Struvite(NH4)Mg(PO4) · 6H2O
Oⓘ Synchysite-(Y)CaY(CO3)2F
Oⓘ SzomolnokiteFeSO4 · H2O
Oⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Oⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Oⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Oⓘ TenoriteCuO
Oⓘ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
Oⓘ Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Oⓘ ThorianiteThO2
Oⓘ ThoriteTh(SiO4)
Oⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Oⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Oⓘ TorberniteCu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O
Oⓘ TourmalineAD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Oⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ TriphyliteLiFe2+PO4
Oⓘ TripliteMn22+(PO4)F
Oⓘ TriploiditeMn22+(PO4)(OH)
Oⓘ Truscottite(Ca,Mn)14Si24O58(OH)8 · 2H2O
Oⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Oⓘ UlvöspinelTiFe22+O4
Oⓘ UraniniteUO2
Oⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Oⓘ ParauranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Oⓘ UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Oⓘ Uranospathite(Al,◻)(UO2)2(PO4)2F · 20(H2O,F)
Oⓘ UranospiniteCa(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 10H2O
Oⓘ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Oⓘ VarisciteAlPO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ VivianiteFe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Oⓘ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Oⓘ WadeiteK2Zr(Si3O9)
Oⓘ WavelliteAl3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Oⓘ Werdingite(Mg,Fe)2Al14Si4B4O37
Oⓘ Winchite◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ WitheriteBaCO3
Oⓘ WolfeiteFe22+(PO4)(OH)
Oⓘ WulfenitePb(MoO4)
Oⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Oⓘ Xenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
Oⓘ ZaheriteAl12(SO4)5(OH)26 · 20H2O
Oⓘ ZeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
Oⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Oⓘ ZirconoliteCaZrTi2O7
Oⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ Calcite var. Iceland SparCaCO3
Oⓘ Enstatite var. Bronzite(Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2
Oⓘ Hematite var. SpeculariteFe2O3
Oⓘ Quartz var. Milky QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ TaramiteNa(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Chabazite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Oⓘ Chabazite-Na(Na2,K2,Ca,Sr,Mg)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Oⓘ Ferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2
Oⓘ Gregoryite(Na2,K2,Ca)CO3
Oⓘ Heulandite-Ca(Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O
Oⓘ Katophorite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
Oⓘ Phillipsite-CaCa3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
Oⓘ Phillipsite-Na(Na,K,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] · 12H2O
Oⓘ TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
Oⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Oⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
Oⓘ Quartz var. Sceptre QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ Almandine-Pyrope Series
Oⓘ Thorite var. Uranothorite(Th,U)SiO4
Oⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Oⓘ Fayalite-Tephroite Series
Oⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Oⓘ Dravite-Schorl Series
Oⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Oⓘ Pyrosmalite-(Fe)-Pyrosmalite-(Mn) Series
Oⓘ Diopside-Hedenbergite Series
Oⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oⓘ Fayalite-Tephroite Series var. Knebelitefrom (Fe1.5Mn0.5)2SiO4 to (Mn1.5Fe0.5)2SiO4
Oⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Oⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Oⓘ PhosphohedyphaneCa2Pb3(PO4)3Cl
Oⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Oⓘ Olivine GroupM2SiO4
Oⓘ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Oⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Oⓘ Lithiophilite-Triphylite Series
Oⓘ Hedenbergite var. FerrosaliteCaFe2+Si2O6
Oⓘ Augite var. Ferroaugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oⓘ Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
Oⓘ UM2002-53-PO:CaHPbCa2Pb3(PO4)3(OH,Cl,F)
FFluorine
Fⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Fⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Fⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Fⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
Fⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
Fⓘ Fluocerite-(Ce)CeF3
Fⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Fⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
Fⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Fⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Fⓘ HumiteMg7(SiO4)3F2
Fⓘ Synchysite-(Y)CaY(CO3)2F
Fⓘ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
Fⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Fⓘ TripliteMn22+(PO4)F
Fⓘ Uranospathite(Al,◻)(UO2)2(PO4)2F · 20(H2O,F)
Fⓘ Fluorite var. Yttrofluorite(Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05 < x < 0.3
Fⓘ Ferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2
Fⓘ TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
Fⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
Fⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Fⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Fⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Fⓘ UM2002-53-PO:CaHPbCa2Pb3(PO4)3(OH,Cl,F)
NaSodium
Naⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Naⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Naⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Naⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Naⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Naⓘ Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Naⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Naⓘ Boltwoodite(K,Na)(UO2)(SiO3OH) · 1.5H2O
Naⓘ BradleyiteNa3Mg(CO3)(PO4)
Naⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Naⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Naⓘ CyriloviteNaFe33+(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
Naⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Naⓘ EiteliteNa2Mg(CO3)2
Naⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Naⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Naⓘ Ferro-ferri-winchite◻[CaNa][Fe42+(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2
Naⓘ Ferro-ferri-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Naⓘ Ferro-ferri-katophoriteNa(NaCa)(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Naⓘ HaliteNaCl
Naⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Naⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Naⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Naⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Naⓘ Magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Naⓘ MesoliteNa2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Naⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Naⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Naⓘ NatriteNa2CO3
Naⓘ NatroaluniteNaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Naⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Naⓘ NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Naⓘ NorthupiteNa3Mg(CO3)2Cl
Naⓘ NyerereiteNa2Ca(CO3)2
Naⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Naⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Naⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Naⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Naⓘ Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Naⓘ SauconiteNa0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O
Naⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Naⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Naⓘ Stercorite(NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
Naⓘ Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Naⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Naⓘ Winchite◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Naⓘ TaramiteNa(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Naⓘ Chabazite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Naⓘ Chabazite-Na(Na2,K2,Ca,Sr,Mg)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Naⓘ Gregoryite(Na2,K2,Ca)CO3
Naⓘ Heulandite-Ca(Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O
Naⓘ Katophorite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
Naⓘ Phillipsite-Na(Na,K,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] · 12H2O
Naⓘ Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Naⓘ Dravite-Schorl Series
Naⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Mgⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Mgⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Mgⓘ Anthophyllite◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mgⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mgⓘ BradleyiteNa3Mg(CO3)(PO4)
Mgⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Mgⓘ ClinochrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mgⓘ CordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
Mgⓘ Cummingtonite◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Mgⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mgⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Mgⓘ EiteliteNa2Mg(CO3)2
Mgⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Mgⓘ ForsteriteMg2SiO4
Mgⓘ Gedrite◻{Mg2}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Grandidierite(Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2
Mgⓘ HumiteMg7(SiO4)3F2
Mgⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Mgⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Mgⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Mgⓘ MagnesiteMgCO3
Mgⓘ Magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Mgⓘ Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Mgⓘ MonticelliteCaMgSiO4
Mgⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Mgⓘ NiningeriteMgS
Mgⓘ NorsethiteBaMg(CO3)2
Mgⓘ NorthupiteNa3Mg(CO3)2Cl
Mgⓘ HydronováčekiteMg(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
Mgⓘ Osumilite-(Mg)K◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30]
Mgⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mgⓘ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Mgⓘ Pigeonite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mgⓘ Qandilite(Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4
Mgⓘ Clinochlore var. Ripidolite(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8
Mgⓘ SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Mgⓘ SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Mgⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Mgⓘ Struvite(NH4)Mg(PO4) · 6H2O
Mgⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Mgⓘ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
Mgⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Mgⓘ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Mgⓘ Werdingite(Mg,Fe)2Al14Si4B4O37
Mgⓘ Winchite◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Enstatite var. Bronzite(Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2
Mgⓘ TaramiteNa(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Chabazite-Na(Na2,K2,Ca,Sr,Mg)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Mgⓘ Ferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2
Mgⓘ Katophorite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
Mgⓘ TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
Mgⓘ Almandine-Pyrope Series
Mgⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Mgⓘ Dravite-Schorl Series
Mgⓘ Diopside-Hedenbergite Series
Mgⓘ Augite var. Ferroaugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mgⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
AlAluminium
Alⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Alⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Alⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Alⓘ Microcline var. AmazoniteK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Alⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Alⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Alⓘ AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Alⓘ AnniteKFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Alⓘ Beryl var. AquamarineBe3Al2Si6O18
Alⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ BaveniteCa4Be2Al2Si9O26(OH)2
Alⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Alⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Alⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Alⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Alⓘ ChantaliteCaAl2(SiO4)(OH)4
Alⓘ ChrysoberylBeAl2O4
Alⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Alⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Alⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
Alⓘ CordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
Alⓘ CorundumAl2O3
Alⓘ CrandalliteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Alⓘ CreaseyitePb2Cu2Fe23+(Si4.67Al0.33)O15.33(OH)3 · H2O
Alⓘ Cualstibite-1M(Cu,Al)3(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
Alⓘ CyanotrichiteCu4Al2(SO4)(OH)12 · 2H2O
Alⓘ DiasporeAlO(OH)
Alⓘ DickiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Alⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ DumortieriteAl(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)
Alⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ EpistilbiteCaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O
Alⓘ EucryptiteLiAlSiO4
Alⓘ Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
Alⓘ Ferro-ferri-winchite◻[CaNa][Fe42+(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2
Alⓘ Ferro-ferri-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Alⓘ Ferro-ferri-katophoriteNa(NaCa)(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Alⓘ GahniteZnAl2O4
Alⓘ Gedrite◻{Mg2}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Alⓘ Grandidierite(Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2
Alⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Alⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Alⓘ HercyniteFe2+Al2O4
Alⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Alⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Alⓘ HotsoniteAl11(SO4)3(PO4)2(OH)21 · 16H2O
Alⓘ Microcline var. Hyalophane(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Alⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Alⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Alⓘ KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
Alⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Alⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Alⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Alⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Alⓘ Magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Alⓘ Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Alⓘ MesoliteNa2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Alⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Alⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Alⓘ NacriteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Alⓘ NatroaluniteNaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Alⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Alⓘ NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Alⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Alⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Alⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ Osumilite-(Mg)K◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30]
Alⓘ PetaliteLiAl(Si4O10)
Alⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Alⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Alⓘ PlumbogummitePbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Alⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Alⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Alⓘ Pumpellyite SubgroupCa2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
Alⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Alⓘ Qandilite(Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4
Alⓘ Clinochlore var. Ripidolite(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8
Alⓘ SabugaliteHAl(UO2)4(PO4)4 · 16H2O
Alⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Alⓘ SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Alⓘ SauconiteNa0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O
Alⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ SiderophylliteKFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Alⓘ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Alⓘ SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Alⓘ StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
Alⓘ StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
Alⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Alⓘ Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Alⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Alⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Alⓘ Uranospathite(Al,◻)(UO2)2(PO4)2F · 20(H2O,F)
Alⓘ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Alⓘ VarisciteAlPO4 · 2H2O
Alⓘ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Alⓘ WavelliteAl3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Alⓘ Werdingite(Mg,Fe)2Al14Si4B4O37
Alⓘ Winchite◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Alⓘ ZaheriteAl12(SO4)5(OH)26 · 20H2O
Alⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ TaramiteNa(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Alⓘ Chabazite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Alⓘ Chabazite-Na(Na2,K2,Ca,Sr,Mg)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Alⓘ Ferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2
Alⓘ Heulandite-Ca(Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O
Alⓘ Katophorite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
Alⓘ Phillipsite-CaCa3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
Alⓘ Phillipsite-Na(Na,K,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] · 12H2O
Alⓘ Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ Almandine-Pyrope Series
Alⓘ Dravite-Schorl Series
Alⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Alⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Alⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
SiSilicon
Siⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Siⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Siⓘ Quartz var. AgateSiO2
Siⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Siⓘ Microcline var. AmazoniteK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ Quartz var. AmethystSiO2
Siⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Siⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Siⓘ AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Siⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Siⓘ AnniteKFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Siⓘ Anthophyllite◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Apophyllite GroupAB4[Si8O22]X · 8H2O
Siⓘ Beryl var. AquamarineBe3Al2Si6O18
Siⓘ Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ BaveniteCa4Be2Al2Si9O26(OH)2
Siⓘ BertranditeBe4(Si2O7)(OH)2
Siⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Siⓘ Quartz var. Blue Lace AgateSiO2
Siⓘ Boltwoodite(K,Na)(UO2)(SiO3OH) · 1.5H2O
Siⓘ BrauniteMn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8
Siⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Siⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Siⓘ CalderiteMn32+Fe23+(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Siⓘ Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
Siⓘ ChantaliteCaAl2(SiO4)(OH)4
Siⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Siⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Siⓘ ClinochrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ CoffiniteU(SiO4) · nH2O
Siⓘ CordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
Siⓘ CreaseyitePb2Cu2Fe23+(Si4.67Al0.33)O15.33(OH)3 · H2O
Siⓘ Cummingtonite◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ DickiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Siⓘ DioptaseCuSiO3 · H2O
Siⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ DumortieriteAl(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)
Siⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Siⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ EpistilbiteCaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O
Siⓘ EucryptiteLiAlSiO4
Siⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Siⓘ FayaliteFe22+SiO4
Siⓘ Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
Siⓘ Ferro-ferri-winchite◻[CaNa][Fe42+(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ Ferro-ferri-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Ferro-ferri-katophoriteNa(NaCa)(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Siⓘ FerrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Siⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
Siⓘ ForsteriteMg2SiO4
Siⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
Siⓘ Gedrite◻{Mg2}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Grandidierite(Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2
Siⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Grunerite◻{Fe22+}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Siⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Siⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Siⓘ Quartz var. "Herkimer-style" QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Siⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Siⓘ HumiteMg7(SiO4)3F2
Siⓘ Opal var. Opal-ANSiO2 · nH2O
Siⓘ Microcline var. Hyalophane(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Siⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Siⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Siⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Siⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ KhibinskiteK2ZrSi2O7
Siⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Siⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Siⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Siⓘ Magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Siⓘ Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Siⓘ MesoliteNa2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Siⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ MonticelliteCaMgSiO4
Siⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Siⓘ Quartz var. Moss AgateSiO2
Siⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Siⓘ NacriteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Siⓘ NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Siⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Siⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Siⓘ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Siⓘ Thorite var. OrangiteTh(SiO4)
Siⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ Osumilite-(Mg)K◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30]
Siⓘ Perryite(Ni,Fe)5(Si,P)2
Siⓘ PetaliteLiAl(Si4O10)
Siⓘ PhenakiteBe2SiO4
Siⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Siⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Pigeonite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siⓘ PlancheiteCu8(Si8O22)(OH)4 · H2O
Siⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Siⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Siⓘ Pumpellyite SubgroupCa2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
Siⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Siⓘ PyroxmangiteMn2+SiO3
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Siⓘ Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ Clinochlore var. Ripidolite(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8
Siⓘ Quartz var. Rose QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Siⓘ SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Siⓘ SauconiteNa0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O
Siⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ SiderophylliteKFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ Quartz var. Smoky QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Siⓘ Soddyite(UO2)2SiO4 · 2H2O
Siⓘ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Siⓘ StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
Siⓘ StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
Siⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Siⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Siⓘ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
Siⓘ Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Siⓘ ThoriteTh(SiO4)
Siⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Siⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Siⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Truscottite(Ca,Mn)14Si24O58(OH)8 · 2H2O
Siⓘ ParauranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Siⓘ UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Siⓘ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Siⓘ WadeiteK2Zr(Si3O9)
Siⓘ Werdingite(Mg,Fe)2Al14Si4B4O37
Siⓘ Winchite◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Siⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Siⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ Enstatite var. Bronzite(Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2
Siⓘ Quartz var. Milky QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ TaramiteNa(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Chabazite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Siⓘ Chabazite-Na(Na2,K2,Ca,Sr,Mg)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Siⓘ Ferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2
Siⓘ Heulandite-Ca(Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O
Siⓘ Katophorite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
Siⓘ Phillipsite-CaCa3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
Siⓘ Phillipsite-Na(Na,K,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] · 12H2O
Siⓘ TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
Siⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Quartz var. Sceptre QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ Almandine-Pyrope Series
Siⓘ Thorite var. Uranothorite(Th,U)SiO4
Siⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Siⓘ Fayalite-Tephroite Series
Siⓘ Dravite-Schorl Series
Siⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Siⓘ Pyrosmalite-(Fe)-Pyrosmalite-(Mn) Series
Siⓘ Diopside-Hedenbergite Series
Siⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siⓘ Fayalite-Tephroite Series var. Knebelitefrom (Fe1.5Mn0.5)2SiO4 to (Mn1.5Fe0.5)2SiO4
Siⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Siⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Siⓘ Olivine GroupM2SiO4
Siⓘ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Siⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Siⓘ Hedenbergite var. FerrosaliteCaFe2+Si2O6
Siⓘ Augite var. Ferroaugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siⓘ Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
PPhosphorus
Pⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Pⓘ AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
Pⓘ BradleyiteNa3Mg(CO3)(PO4)
Pⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
Pⓘ CorkitePbFe33+(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Pⓘ CornetiteCu3(PO4)(OH)3
Pⓘ CrandalliteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Pⓘ CyriloviteNaFe33+(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
Pⓘ DufréniteCa0.5Fe2+Fe53+(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Pⓘ FaheyiteBe2Mn2+Fe23+(PO4)4 · 6H2O
Pⓘ Triphylite var. FerrisickleriteLi1-x(Fex3+Fe2+1-x)PO4
Pⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Pⓘ GraftoniteFe2+Fe22+(PO4)2
Pⓘ Heterosite(Fe3+,Mn3+)PO4
Pⓘ HotsoniteAl11(SO4)3(PO4)2(OH)21 · 16H2O
Pⓘ HureauliteMn52+(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
Pⓘ LibetheniteCu2(PO4)(OH)
Pⓘ LithiophiliteLiMn2+PO4
Pⓘ Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Pⓘ MetatorberniteCu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Pⓘ MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Pⓘ Monazite GroupREE(PO4)
Pⓘ Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
Pⓘ MoraesiteBe2(PO4)(OH) · 4H2O
Pⓘ Perryite(Ni,Fe)5(Si,P)2
Pⓘ PhosphuranyliteKCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O
Pⓘ PhosphosideriteFePO4 · 2H2O
Pⓘ PlumbogummitePbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Pⓘ PseudomalachiteCu5(PO4)2(OH)4
Pⓘ PurpuriteMn3+(PO4)
Pⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Pⓘ ReichenbachiteCu5(PO4)2(OH)4
Pⓘ RobertsiteCa2Mn33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Pⓘ SabugaliteHAl(UO2)4(PO4)4 · 16H2O
Pⓘ Schreibersite(Fe,Ni)3P
Pⓘ Lithiophilite var. SickleriteLi1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4
Pⓘ Stercorite(NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
Pⓘ StrengiteFePO4 · 2H2O
Pⓘ Struvite(NH4)Mg(PO4) · 6H2O
Pⓘ TorberniteCu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O
Pⓘ TriphyliteLiFe2+PO4
Pⓘ TripliteMn22+(PO4)F
Pⓘ TriploiditeMn22+(PO4)(OH)
Pⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Pⓘ Uranospathite(Al,◻)(UO2)2(PO4)2F · 20(H2O,F)
Pⓘ VarisciteAlPO4 · 2H2O
Pⓘ VivianiteFe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Pⓘ WavelliteAl3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Pⓘ WolfeiteFe22+(PO4)(OH)
Pⓘ Xenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
Pⓘ PhosphohedyphaneCa2Pb3(PO4)3Cl
Pⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Pⓘ Lithiophilite-Triphylite Series
Pⓘ UM2002-53-PO:CaHPbCa2Pb3(PO4)3(OH,Cl,F)
SSulfur
Sⓘ AcanthiteAg2S
Sⓘ AlabanditeMnS
Sⓘ AlloclasiteCo1-xFexAsS
Sⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Sⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Sⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Sⓘ ArcaniteK2SO4
Sⓘ BartoniteK6Fe20S26S
Sⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Sⓘ Beaverite-(Cu)Pb(Fe23+Cu)(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ BismuthiniteBi2S3
Sⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Sⓘ BraggitePdPt3S4
Sⓘ Pyrite var. Bravoite(Fe,Ni)S2
Sⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Sⓘ CaledonitePb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Sⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
Sⓘ ChalcociteCu2S
Sⓘ CobaltiteCoAsS
Sⓘ ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Sⓘ CooperitePtS
Sⓘ CopiapiteFe2+Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Sⓘ CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
Sⓘ CorkitePbFe33+(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Sⓘ CovelliteCuS
Sⓘ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Sⓘ CyanotrichiteCu4Al2(SO4)(OH)12 · 2H2O
Sⓘ DaubréeliteFe2+Cr23+S4
Sⓘ DigeniteCu9S5
Sⓘ DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
Sⓘ EmplectiteCuBiS2
Sⓘ FerricopiapiteFe3+0.67Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Sⓘ FerrohexahydriteFeSO4 · 6H2O
Sⓘ Freibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
Sⓘ GalenaPbS
Sⓘ GersdorffiteNiAsS
Sⓘ GladitePbCuBi5S9
Sⓘ GudmunditeFeSbS
Sⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Sⓘ HodrušiteCu8Bi12S22
Sⓘ HotsoniteAl11(SO4)3(PO4)2(OH)21 · 16H2O
Sⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Sⓘ IsocubaniteCuFe2S3
Sⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ JordisiteMoS2
Sⓘ KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
Sⓘ LauriteRuS2
Sⓘ Lead-parkeriteNi3Pb2S2
Sⓘ LeadhillitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Sⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Sⓘ LinnaeiteCo2+Co23+S4
Sⓘ MackinawiteFeS
Sⓘ MarcasiteFeS2
Sⓘ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Sⓘ MilleriteNiS
Sⓘ MolybdeniteMoS2
Sⓘ NatroaluniteNaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ NiningeriteMgS
Sⓘ OldhamiteCaS
Sⓘ PadĕraiteCu7[(Cu,Ag)0.33Pb1.33Bi11.33]S22
Sⓘ ParkeriteNi3(Bi,Pb)2S2
Sⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Sⓘ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Sⓘ PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Sⓘ RozeniteFeSO4 · 4H2O
Sⓘ SarmientiteFe23+(AsO4)(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O
Sⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Sⓘ Native SulphurS8
Sⓘ SzomolnokiteFeSO4 · H2O
Sⓘ TalnakhiteCu9(Fe,Ni)8S16
Sⓘ Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
Sⓘ TetradymiteBi2Te2S
Sⓘ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Sⓘ TroiliteFeS
Sⓘ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Sⓘ ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Sⓘ ZaheriteAl12(SO4)5(OH)26 · 20H2O
Sⓘ Gersdorffite var. Cobalt-bearing Gersdorffite(Ni,Co)AsS with Os,Ir,Ru,Rh
ClChlorine
Clⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Clⓘ AtacamiteCu2(OH)3Cl
Clⓘ BismocliteBiOCl
Clⓘ ChlorargyriteAgCl
Clⓘ ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Clⓘ DiaboleitePb2CuCl2(OH)4
Clⓘ DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
Clⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Clⓘ HaliteNaCl
Clⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Clⓘ NorthupiteNa3Mg(CO3)2Cl
Clⓘ ParatacamiteCu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2
Clⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Clⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Clⓘ SylviteKCl
Clⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Clⓘ Pyrosmalite-(Fe)-Pyrosmalite-(Mn) Series
Clⓘ PhosphohedyphaneCa2Pb3(PO4)3Cl
Clⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Clⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Clⓘ UM2002-53-PO:CaHPbCa2Pb3(PO4)3(OH,Cl,F)
KPotassium
Kⓘ AbernathyiteK(UO2)(AsO4) · 3H2O
Kⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Kⓘ Microcline var. AmazoniteK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ AnniteKFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ ArcaniteK2SO4
Kⓘ BartoniteK6Fe20S26S
Kⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Kⓘ Boltwoodite(K,Na)(UO2)(SiO3OH) · 1.5H2O
Kⓘ BütschliiteK2Ca(CO3)2
Kⓘ CarnotiteK2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
Kⓘ DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
Kⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
Kⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Kⓘ Microcline var. Hyalophane(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Kⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Kⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Kⓘ KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
Kⓘ KhibinskiteK2ZrSi2O7
Kⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Kⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Kⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ Osumilite-(Mg)K◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30]
Kⓘ PhosphuranyliteKCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O
Kⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Kⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ SiderophylliteKFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ SylviteKCl
Kⓘ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
Kⓘ WadeiteK2Zr(Si3O9)
Kⓘ Chabazite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Kⓘ Chabazite-Na(Na2,K2,Ca,Sr,Mg)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Kⓘ Ferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2
Kⓘ Gregoryite(Na2,K2,Ca)CO3
Kⓘ Phillipsite-Na(Na,K,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] · 12H2O
Kⓘ TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
Kⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Caⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Caⓘ Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Caⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Caⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Caⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Caⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Caⓘ ArsenuranyliteCa(UO2)4(AsO4)2(OH)4 · 6H2O
Caⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Caⓘ AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
Caⓘ BaveniteCa4Be2Al2Si9O26(OH)2
Caⓘ BecquereliteCa(UO2)6O4(OH)6 · 8H2O
Caⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Caⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Caⓘ BütschliiteK2Ca(CO3)2
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Caⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Caⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
Caⓘ ChantaliteCaAl2(SiO4)(OH)4
Caⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ CrandalliteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Caⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Caⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Caⓘ DufréniteCa0.5Fe2+Fe53+(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Caⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ EpistilbiteCaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O
Caⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Caⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Caⓘ Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
Caⓘ Ferro-ferri-winchite◻[CaNa][Fe42+(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2
Caⓘ Ferro-ferri-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ Ferro-ferri-katophoriteNa(NaCa)(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Caⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Caⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
Caⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Caⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Caⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Caⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Caⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Caⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Caⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Caⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Caⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Caⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Caⓘ Magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Caⓘ Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Caⓘ MesoliteNa2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Caⓘ Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Caⓘ MetauranospiniteCa(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Caⓘ MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Caⓘ MonticelliteCaMgSiO4
Caⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Caⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Caⓘ NyerereiteNa2Ca(CO3)2
Caⓘ OldhamiteCaS
Caⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Caⓘ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Caⓘ PhosphuranyliteKCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O
Caⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Caⓘ Pigeonite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Caⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Caⓘ Pumpellyite SubgroupCa2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
Caⓘ RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Caⓘ RobertsiteCa2Mn33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Caⓘ SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Caⓘ ScheeliteCa(WO4)
Caⓘ StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
Caⓘ Synchysite-(Y)CaY(CO3)2F
Caⓘ Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Caⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Caⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ Truscottite(Ca,Mn)14Si24O58(OH)8 · 2H2O
Caⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Caⓘ ParauranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Caⓘ UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Caⓘ UranospiniteCa(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 10H2O
Caⓘ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Caⓘ Winchite◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Caⓘ Fluorite var. Yttrofluorite(Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05 < x < 0.3
Caⓘ ZirconoliteCaZrTi2O7
Caⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ Calcite var. Iceland SparCaCO3
Caⓘ TaramiteNa(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ Chabazite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Caⓘ Chabazite-Na(Na2,K2,Ca,Sr,Mg)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Caⓘ Gregoryite(Na2,K2,Ca)CO3
Caⓘ Heulandite-Ca(Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O
Caⓘ Katophorite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
Caⓘ Phillipsite-CaCa3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
Caⓘ Phillipsite-Na(Na,K,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] · 12H2O
Caⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Caⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
Caⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Caⓘ Diopside-Hedenbergite Series
Caⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Caⓘ PhosphohedyphaneCa2Pb3(PO4)3Cl
Caⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Caⓘ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Caⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Caⓘ Hedenbergite var. FerrosaliteCaFe2+Si2O6
Caⓘ Augite var. Ferroaugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Caⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
Caⓘ UM2002-53-PO:CaHPbCa2Pb3(PO4)3(OH,Cl,F)
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Tiⓘ AnataseTiO2
Tiⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Tiⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Tiⓘ BranneriteUTi2O6
Tiⓘ BrookiteTiO2
Tiⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
Tiⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Tiⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Tiⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile(Ti,Nb)O2
Tiⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Tiⓘ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Tiⓘ Qandilite(Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4
Tiⓘ RutileTiO2
Tiⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Tiⓘ UlvöspinelTiFe22+O4
Tiⓘ ZirconoliteCaZrTi2O7
VVanadium
Vⓘ CarnotiteK2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
Vⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
Vⓘ MottramitePbCu(VO4)(OH)
CrChromium
Crⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Crⓘ DaubréeliteFe2+Cr23+S4
Crⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
MnManganese
Mnⓘ AlabanditeMnS
Mnⓘ BrauniteMn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8
Mnⓘ CalderiteMn32+Fe23+(SiO4)3
Mnⓘ FaheyiteBe2Mn2+Fe23+(PO4)4 · 6H2O
Mnⓘ Heterosite(Fe3+,Mn3+)PO4
Mnⓘ HübneriteMnWO4
Mnⓘ HureauliteMn52+(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
Mnⓘ JacobsiteMn2+Fe23+O4
Mnⓘ LithiophiliteLiMn2+PO4
Mnⓘ Tantalite-(Mn)Mn2+Ta2O6
Mnⓘ PurpuriteMn3+(PO4)
Mnⓘ PyrolusiteMn4+O2
Mnⓘ PyroxmangiteMn2+SiO3
Mnⓘ RhodochrositeMnCO3
Mnⓘ RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Mnⓘ RobertsiteCa2Mn33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Mnⓘ Romanèchite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Mnⓘ Lithiophilite var. SickleriteLi1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4
Mnⓘ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Mnⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Mnⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Mnⓘ TripliteMn22+(PO4)F
Mnⓘ TriploiditeMn22+(PO4)(OH)
Mnⓘ Truscottite(Ca,Mn)14Si24O58(OH)8 · 2H2O
Mnⓘ Fayalite-Tephroite Series
Mnⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Mnⓘ Pyrosmalite-(Fe)-Pyrosmalite-(Mn) Series
Mnⓘ Fayalite-Tephroite Series var. Knebelitefrom (Fe1.5Mn0.5)2SiO4 to (Mn1.5Fe0.5)2SiO4
Mnⓘ Lithiophilite-Triphylite Series
Mnⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
FeIron
Feⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Feⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Feⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Feⓘ Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Feⓘ AlloclasiteCo1-xFexAsS
Feⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Feⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Feⓘ AnniteKFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Feⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Feⓘ Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Feⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Feⓘ BartoniteK6Fe20S26S
Feⓘ Beaverite-(Cu)Pb(Fe23+Cu)(SO4)2(OH)6
Feⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Feⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Feⓘ Pyrite var. Bravoite(Fe,Ni)S2
Feⓘ CalderiteMn32+Fe23+(SiO4)3
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Feⓘ CoheniteFe3C
Feⓘ CopiapiteFe2+Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Feⓘ CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
Feⓘ CorkitePbFe33+(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Feⓘ CreaseyitePb2Cu2Fe23+(Si4.67Al0.33)O15.33(OH)3 · H2O
Feⓘ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Feⓘ CyriloviteNaFe33+(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
Feⓘ DaubréeliteFe2+Cr23+S4
Feⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
Feⓘ DelafossiteCu+Fe3+O2
Feⓘ DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
Feⓘ DufréniteCa0.5Fe2+Fe53+(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Feⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Feⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Feⓘ FaheyiteBe2Mn2+Fe23+(PO4)4 · 6H2O
Feⓘ FayaliteFe22+SiO4
Feⓘ Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
Feⓘ Ferro-ferri-winchite◻[CaNa][Fe42+(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2
Feⓘ FerberiteFeWO4
Feⓘ Ferro-ferri-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Feⓘ FerricopiapiteFe3+0.67Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Feⓘ Ferro-ferri-katophoriteNa(NaCa)(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Feⓘ FerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
Feⓘ Triphylite var. FerrisickleriteLi1-x(Fex3+Fe2+1-x)PO4
Feⓘ FerrohexahydriteFeSO4 · 6H2O
Feⓘ FerrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Feⓘ FrankliniteZn2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
Feⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Feⓘ GraftoniteFe2+Fe22+(PO4)2
Feⓘ Grandidierite(Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2
Feⓘ Grunerite◻{Fe22+}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Feⓘ GudmunditeFeSbS
Feⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Feⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Feⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Feⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Feⓘ HercyniteFe2+Al2O4
Feⓘ Heterosite(Fe3+,Mn3+)PO4
Feⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Feⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Feⓘ Native IronFe
Feⓘ IsocubaniteCuFe2S3
Feⓘ JacobsiteMn2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Feⓘ Native Iron var. Kamacite(Fe,Ni)
Feⓘ LepidocrociteFe3+O(OH)
Feⓘ LöllingiteFeAs2
Feⓘ Magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Feⓘ MackinawiteFeS
Feⓘ Maghemite(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe23+O4
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ MarcasiteFeS2
Feⓘ Hematite var. MartiteFe2O3
Feⓘ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Feⓘ MetakahleriteFe2+(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Feⓘ MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Feⓘ NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Feⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Feⓘ Perryite(Ni,Fe)5(Si,P)2
Feⓘ PhosphosideriteFePO4 · 2H2O
Feⓘ Pigeonite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feⓘ PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
Feⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Feⓘ Qandilite(Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4
Feⓘ Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Feⓘ Clinochlore var. Ripidolite(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8
Feⓘ RozeniteFeSO4 · 4H2O
Feⓘ Samarskite-(Y)YFe3+Nb2O8
Feⓘ SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Feⓘ SarmientiteFe23+(AsO4)(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O
Feⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Feⓘ Schreibersite(Fe,Ni)3P
Feⓘ ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
Feⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Feⓘ SiderophylliteKFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Feⓘ StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
Feⓘ StrengiteFePO4 · 2H2O
Feⓘ SzomolnokiteFeSO4 · H2O
Feⓘ Taenite(Fe,Ni)
Feⓘ TalnakhiteCu9(Fe,Ni)8S16
Feⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Feⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Feⓘ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
Feⓘ TriphyliteLiFe2+PO4
Feⓘ TroiliteFeS
Feⓘ UlvöspinelTiFe22+O4
Feⓘ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Feⓘ ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Feⓘ VivianiteFe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Feⓘ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Feⓘ Werdingite(Mg,Fe)2Al14Si4B4O37
Feⓘ WolfeiteFe22+(PO4)(OH)
Feⓘ Enstatite var. Bronzite(Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2
Feⓘ Hematite var. SpeculariteFe2O3
Feⓘ Ferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2
Feⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Feⓘ Almandine-Pyrope Series
Feⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Feⓘ Fayalite-Tephroite Series
Feⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Feⓘ Dravite-Schorl Series
Feⓘ Pyrosmalite-(Fe)-Pyrosmalite-(Mn) Series
Feⓘ Diopside-Hedenbergite Series
Feⓘ Fayalite-Tephroite Series var. Knebelitefrom (Fe1.5Mn0.5)2SiO4 to (Mn1.5Fe0.5)2SiO4
Feⓘ Lithiophilite-Triphylite Series
Feⓘ Hedenbergite var. FerrosaliteCaFe2+Si2O6
Feⓘ Augite var. Ferroaugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
CoCobalt
Coⓘ AlloclasiteCo1-xFexAsS
Coⓘ CobaltiteCoAsS
Coⓘ LinnaeiteCo2+Co23+S4
Coⓘ Gersdorffite var. Cobalt-bearing Gersdorffite(Ni,Co)AsS with Os,Ir,Ru,Rh
NiNickel
Niⓘ AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Niⓘ Pyrite var. Bravoite(Fe,Ni)S2
Niⓘ DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
Niⓘ GersdorffiteNiAsS
Niⓘ Native Iron var. Kamacite(Fe,Ni)
Niⓘ Lead-parkeriteNi3Pb2S2
Niⓘ MeloniteNiTe2
Niⓘ MilleriteNiS
Niⓘ NickelineNiAs
Niⓘ ParkeriteNi3(Bi,Pb)2S2
Niⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Niⓘ Perryite(Ni,Fe)5(Si,P)2
Niⓘ Schreibersite(Fe,Ni)3P
Niⓘ Taenite(Fe,Ni)
Niⓘ TalnakhiteCu9(Fe,Ni)8S16
Niⓘ ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Niⓘ Gersdorffite var. Cobalt-bearing Gersdorffite(Ni,Co)AsS with Os,Ir,Ru,Rh
CuCopper
Cuⓘ AtacamiteCu2(OH)3Cl
Cuⓘ AuricuprideCu3Au
Cuⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cuⓘ Beaverite-(Cu)Pb(Fe23+Cu)(SO4)2(OH)6
Cuⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Cuⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Cuⓘ CaledonitePb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuⓘ ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
Cuⓘ ChalcociteCu2S
Cuⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Cuⓘ ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Cuⓘ CornetiteCu3(PO4)(OH)3
Cuⓘ CovelliteCuS
Cuⓘ CreaseyitePb2Cu2Fe23+(Si4.67Al0.33)O15.33(OH)3 · H2O
Cuⓘ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Cuⓘ CupriteCu2O
Cuⓘ CuprotungstiteCu2(WO4)(OH)2
Cuⓘ Cualstibite-1M(Cu,Al)3(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
Cuⓘ CyanotrichiteCu4Al2(SO4)(OH)12 · 2H2O
Cuⓘ Native CopperCu
Cuⓘ DelafossiteCu+Fe3+O2
Cuⓘ DiaboleitePb2CuCl2(OH)4
Cuⓘ DigeniteCu9S5
Cuⓘ DioptaseCuSiO3 · H2O
Cuⓘ DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
Cuⓘ EmplectiteCuBiS2
Cuⓘ Freibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
Cuⓘ GladitePbCuBi5S9
Cuⓘ HodrušiteCu8Bi12S22
Cuⓘ IsocubaniteCuFe2S3
Cuⓘ LibetheniteCu2(PO4)(OH)
Cuⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Cuⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cuⓘ MetatorberniteCu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Cuⓘ MetazeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Cuⓘ MottramitePbCu(VO4)(OH)
Cuⓘ PadĕraiteCu7[(Cu,Ag)0.33Pb1.33Bi11.33]S22
Cuⓘ ParatacamiteCu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2
Cuⓘ PlancheiteCu8(Si8O22)(OH)4 · H2O
Cuⓘ PseudomalachiteCu5(PO4)2(OH)4
Cuⓘ ReichenbachiteCu5(PO4)2(OH)4
Cuⓘ RickarditeCu7Te5
Cuⓘ TalnakhiteCu9(Fe,Ni)8S16
Cuⓘ Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
Cuⓘ TenoriteCuO
Cuⓘ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Cuⓘ TorberniteCu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O
Cuⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Cuⓘ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Cuⓘ ZeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
ZnZinc
Znⓘ FrankliniteZn2+Fe23+O4
Znⓘ GahniteZnAl2O4
Znⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Znⓘ ParatacamiteCu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2
Znⓘ SauconiteNa0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O
Znⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
Znⓘ SphaleriteZnS
AsArsenic
Asⓘ AbernathyiteK(UO2)(AsO4) · 3H2O
Asⓘ AlloclasiteCo1-xFexAsS
Asⓘ AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Asⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Asⓘ ArsenuranyliteCa(UO2)4(AsO4)2(OH)4 · 6H2O
Asⓘ CobaltiteCoAsS
Asⓘ GersdorffiteNiAsS
Asⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Asⓘ LöllingiteFeAs2
Asⓘ MetauranospiniteCa(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Asⓘ MetakahleriteFe2+(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Asⓘ MetazeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Asⓘ NickelineNiAs
Asⓘ HydronováčekiteMg(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
Asⓘ SarmientiteFe23+(AsO4)(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O
Asⓘ ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
Asⓘ SperrylitePtAs2
Asⓘ Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
Asⓘ UranospiniteCa(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 10H2O
Asⓘ ZeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
Asⓘ Gersdorffite var. Cobalt-bearing Gersdorffite(Ni,Co)AsS with Os,Ir,Ru,Rh
SeSelenium
Seⓘ ClausthalitePbSe
SrStrontium
Srⓘ Chabazite-Na(Na2,K2,Ca,Sr,Mg)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
YYttrium
Yⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Yⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
Yⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Yⓘ Fergusonite-(Y)YNbO4
Yⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
Yⓘ Samarskite-(Y)YFe3+Nb2O8
Yⓘ Synchysite-(Y)CaY(CO3)2F
Yⓘ Xenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
Yⓘ Fluorite var. Yttrofluorite(Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05 < x < 0.3
Yⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
ZrZirconium
Zrⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Zrⓘ KhibinskiteK2ZrSi2O7
Zrⓘ WadeiteK2Zr(Si3O9)
Zrⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Zrⓘ ZirconoliteCaZrTi2O7
NbNiobium
Nbⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Nbⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Nbⓘ Fergusonite-(Y)YNbO4
Nbⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile(Ti,Nb)O2
Nbⓘ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Nbⓘ Samarskite-(Y)YFe3+Nb2O8
Nbⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Nbⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Nbⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Nbⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
MoMolybdenum
Moⓘ FerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
Moⓘ IlsemanniteMo3O8 · nH2O
Moⓘ Iriginite(UO2)Mo2O7 · 3H2O
Moⓘ JordisiteMoS2
Moⓘ MolybdeniteMoS2
Moⓘ WulfenitePb(MoO4)
RuRuthenium
Ruⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Ruⓘ LauriteRuS2
Ruⓘ Gersdorffite var. Cobalt-bearing Gersdorffite(Ni,Co)AsS with Os,Ir,Ru,Rh
RhRhodium
Rhⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Rhⓘ Gersdorffite var. Cobalt-bearing Gersdorffite(Ni,Co)AsS with Os,Ir,Ru,Rh
PdPalladium
Pdⓘ BraggitePdPt3S4
Pdⓘ Frooditeα-PdBi2
AgSilver
Agⓘ AcanthiteAg2S
Agⓘ ChlorargyriteAgCl
Agⓘ Freibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
Agⓘ HessiteAg2Te
Agⓘ PadĕraiteCu7[(Cu,Ag)0.33Pb1.33Bi11.33]S22
Agⓘ Native SilverAg
Agⓘ SylvaniteAgAuTe4
SnTin
Snⓘ CassiteriteSnO2
Snⓘ NiggliitePtSn
SbAntimony
Sbⓘ Cualstibite-1M(Cu,Al)3(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
Sbⓘ Freibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
Sbⓘ GudmunditeFeSbS
Sbⓘ InsizwaitePt(Bi,Sb)2
Sbⓘ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
TeTellurium
Teⓘ ColoradoiteHgTe
Teⓘ HessiteAg2Te
Teⓘ MeloniteNiTe2
Teⓘ RickarditeCu7Te5
Teⓘ SylvaniteAgAuTe4
Teⓘ TellurobismuthiteBi2Te3
Teⓘ TetradymiteBi2Te2S
CsCaesium
Csⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
BaBarium
Baⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Baⓘ Microcline var. Hyalophane(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Baⓘ NorsethiteBaMg(CO3)2
Baⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Baⓘ Romanèchite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Baⓘ WitheriteBaCO3
Baⓘ Ferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2
Baⓘ Phillipsite-Na(Na,K,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] · 12H2O
LaLanthanum
Laⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
CeCerium
Ceⓘ Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Ceⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Ceⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)(Ce4+,Th)O2
Ceⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Ceⓘ Fluocerite-(Ce)CeF3
Ceⓘ Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
Ceⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
NdNeodymium
Ndⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Ndⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
TaTantalum
Taⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Taⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Taⓘ Tantalite-(Mn)Mn2+Ta2O6
Taⓘ Microlite GroupA2-mTa2X6-wZ-n
Taⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Taⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Taⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
WTungsten
Wⓘ CuprotungstiteCu2(WO4)(OH)2
Wⓘ FerberiteFeWO4
Wⓘ HübneriteMnWO4
Wⓘ ScheeliteCa(WO4)
OsOsmium
Osⓘ Gersdorffite var. Cobalt-bearing Gersdorffite(Ni,Co)AsS with Os,Ir,Ru,Rh
IrIridium
Irⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Irⓘ Gersdorffite var. Cobalt-bearing Gersdorffite(Ni,Co)AsS with Os,Ir,Ru,Rh
PtPlatinum
Ptⓘ BraggitePdPt3S4
Ptⓘ CooperitePtS
Ptⓘ InsizwaitePt(Bi,Sb)2
Ptⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Ptⓘ NiggliitePtSn
Ptⓘ SperrylitePtAs2
AuGold
Auⓘ AuricuprideCu3Au
Auⓘ Native GoldAu
Auⓘ SylvaniteAgAuTe4
HgMercury
Hgⓘ ColoradoiteHgTe
PbLead
Pbⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Pbⓘ Beaverite-(Cu)Pb(Fe23+Cu)(SO4)2(OH)6
Pbⓘ CaledonitePb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Pbⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Pbⓘ ClausthalitePbSe
Pbⓘ CorkitePbFe33+(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Pbⓘ CreaseyitePb2Cu2Fe23+(Si4.67Al0.33)O15.33(OH)3 · H2O
Pbⓘ CuritePb3(H2O)2[(UO2)4O4(OH)3]2
Pbⓘ DiaboleitePb2CuCl2(OH)4
Pbⓘ GalenaPbS
Pbⓘ GladitePbCuBi5S9
Pbⓘ Lead-parkeriteNi3Pb2S2
Pbⓘ LeadhillitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Pbⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Pbⓘ MottramitePbCu(VO4)(OH)
Pbⓘ PadĕraiteCu7[(Cu,Ag)0.33Pb1.33Bi11.33]S22
Pbⓘ ParkeriteNi3(Bi,Pb)2S2
Pbⓘ PlumbogummitePbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Pbⓘ PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Pbⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Pbⓘ WulfenitePb(MoO4)
Pbⓘ PhosphohedyphaneCa2Pb3(PO4)3Cl
Pbⓘ UM2002-53-PO:CaHPbCa2Pb3(PO4)3(OH,Cl,F)
BiBismuth
Biⓘ BismiteBi2O3
Biⓘ BismocliteBiOCl
Biⓘ Native BismuthBi
Biⓘ BismuthiniteBi2S3
Biⓘ Bismutite(BiO)2CO3
Biⓘ EmplectiteCuBiS2
Biⓘ Frooditeα-PdBi2
Biⓘ GladitePbCuBi5S9
Biⓘ HodrušiteCu8Bi12S22
Biⓘ InsizwaitePt(Bi,Sb)2
Biⓘ PadĕraiteCu7[(Cu,Ag)0.33Pb1.33Bi11.33]S22
Biⓘ ParkeriteNi3(Bi,Pb)2S2
Biⓘ TellurobismuthiteBi2Te3
Biⓘ TetradymiteBi2Te2S
ThThorium
Thⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)(Ce4+,Th)O2
Thⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Thⓘ Thorite var. OrangiteTh(SiO4)
Thⓘ ThorianiteThO2
Thⓘ ThoriteTh(SiO4)
Thⓘ Thorite var. Uranothorite(Th,U)SiO4
UUranium
Uⓘ AbernathyiteK(UO2)(AsO4) · 3H2O
Uⓘ ArsenuranyliteCa(UO2)4(AsO4)2(OH)4 · 6H2O
Uⓘ AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
Uⓘ BecquereliteCa(UO2)6O4(OH)6 · 8H2O
Uⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Uⓘ Boltwoodite(K,Na)(UO2)(SiO3OH) · 1.5H2O
Uⓘ BranneriteUTi2O6
Uⓘ CarnotiteK2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
Uⓘ CoffiniteU(SiO4) · nH2O
Uⓘ CuritePb3(H2O)2[(UO2)4O4(OH)3]2
Uⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
Uⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Uⓘ Iriginite(UO2)Mo2O7 · 3H2O
Uⓘ Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Uⓘ MetauranospiniteCa(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Uⓘ MetakahleriteFe2+(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Uⓘ MetatorberniteCu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Uⓘ MetazeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Uⓘ HydronováčekiteMg(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
Uⓘ PhosphuranyliteKCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O
Uⓘ SabugaliteHAl(UO2)4(PO4)4 · 16H2O
Uⓘ Soddyite(UO2)2SiO4 · 2H2O
Uⓘ TorberniteCu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O
Uⓘ UraniniteUO2
Uⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Uⓘ ParauranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Uⓘ UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Uⓘ Uranospathite(Al,◻)(UO2)2(PO4)2F · 20(H2O,F)
Uⓘ UranospiniteCa(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 10H2O
Uⓘ ZeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
Uⓘ Thorite var. Uranothorite(Th,U)SiO4

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Mesoproterozoic to Paleogene : 1031 Ma to 48 ± 2 Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic TimeRocks, Minerals and Events
Phanerozoic
 Cenozoic
  Paleogene
   Eocene
ⓘ Biotite (youngest age)48 ± 2 MaDicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
ⓘ Biotite (oldest age)49.8 ± 0.8 MaDicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
    
  
 Paleozoic
  Cambrian
   Cambrian Series 2
ⓘ Zircon512 ± 12 MaBremen Occurrence, Karasburg West, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
    
 
Precambrian
 Proterozoic
  Neoproterozoic
   Tonian
ⓘ Molybdenite (youngest age)950 MaNarrap Mine, Okiep Copper District, Namakwa District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africa
  Mesoproterozoic
   Stenian
ⓘ Molybdenite (oldest age)1031 MaOkiep Copper District, Namakwa District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africa

Fossils

There are 456 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.

These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.

Occurrences3053
Youngest Fossil Listed0.01 Ma (Pleistocene)
Oldest Fossil Listed635 Ma (Neoproterozoic)
Stratigraphic UnitsClick here to view 69 stratigraphic units.
Fossils from RegionClick here to show the list.
Accepted NameHierarchy Age
Alabamina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Alabaminidae : Alabamina100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Bolivina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Bolivinitidae : Bolivina100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Cibicides
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Cibicididae : Cibicides100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gavelinella
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Gavelinellidae : Gavelinella100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gyroidinoides
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Gavelinellidae : Gyroidinoides100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hedbergella
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Hedbergellidae : Hedbergella100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lenticulina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Vaginulinidae : Lenticulina100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Marginulina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Vaginulinidae : Marginulina100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Nodosaria
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Nodosariidae : Nodosaria100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Rugoglobigerina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Rugoglobigerinidae : Rugoglobigerina100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Spiroplecta
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Heterohelicidae : Spiroplecta100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Spiroplectammina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Lituolida : Spiroplectamminidae : Spiroplectammina100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Ernietta
genus
Animalia : Petalonamae : Ernietta635 - 541 Ma
Neoproterozoic
Rangea
genus
Animalia : Petalonamae : Rangea635 - 541 Ma
Neoproterozoic
Caryophyllia
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Caryophyllia100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Tentaculitida
order
Animalia : Lophotrochozoa : Tentaculitida407.6 - 393.3 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Gastropoda
class
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda407.6 - 290.1 Ma
Paleozoic
Plectonotus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cycloneritida : Proserpinidae : Plectonotus407.6 - 393.3 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Patella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Patellogastropoda : Patellidae : Patella2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Microgaza
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Solariellidae : Microgaza86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Solariella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Solariellidae : Solariella86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Ampullina
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Ampullina86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Archimediella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Archimediella86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Calyptraea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Calyptraeidae : Calyptraea86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Confusiscala
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae : Confusiscala86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Exechocirsus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Potamididae : Exechocirsus86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Galeodea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cassidae : Galeodea86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gyrodes
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Gyrodes86.3 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lysis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Capulidae : Lysis86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pseudomelania
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pseudomelaniidae : Pseudomelania140.2 - 83.6 Ma
Cretaceous
Spirocolpus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Spirocolpus86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Trajanella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trajanellidae : Trajanella86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Anomalofusus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Anomalofusus86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Beisselia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Beisselia86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Blackdownia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Blackdownia86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Boltenella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pholidotomidae : Boltenella86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Conus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus20.44 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Liopeplum
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Liopeplum86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Nassarius
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Nassariidae : Nassarius2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Purpura
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Purpura2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pyrifusus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Melongenidae : Pyrifusus86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pyropsis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Tudiclidae : Pyropsis86.3 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Trophon
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Trophon86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Voluta
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Voluta5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Volutomorpha
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pholidotomidae : Volutomorpha83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Avellana
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Ringiculidae : Avellana86.3 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Ringicula
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Ringiculidae : Ringicula86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Baculites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Baculitidae : Baculites140.2 - 70.6 Ma
Cretaceous
Eulophoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Sphenodiscidae : Eulophoceras83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Eupachydiscus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Pachydiscidae : Eupachydiscus83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gaudryceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Gaudryceratidae : Gaudryceras85.8 - 83.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Glyptoxoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Diplomoceratidae : Glyptoxoceras83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hauericeras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Desmoceratidae : Hauericeras83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Kossmaticeras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Kossmaticeratidae : Kossmaticeras85.8 - 83.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Neohoploceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Neocomitidae : Neohoploceras140.2 - 136.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Pseudoschloenbachia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Muniericeratidae : Pseudoschloenbachia85.8 - 83.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Scaphites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Scaphitidae : Scaphites85.8 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Submortoniceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Collignoniceratidae : Submortoniceras83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Texanites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Collignoniceratidae : Texanites85.8 - 83.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Bivalvia
class
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia407.6 - 15.97 Ma
Phanerozoic
Nuculites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Malletiidae : Nuculites407.6 - 393.3 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Inoceramus (Endocostea)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Inoceramus : Inoceramus (Endocostea)83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Inoceramus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Inoceramus100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Ostrea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Ostraea5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Modiomorphida
order
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Modiomorphida407.6 - 393.3 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Trigonia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Trigoniidae : Trigonia140.2 - 136.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Solecurtus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Solecurtidae : Solecurtus83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Trachycardium
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Trachycardium83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Burmeisteria
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Homalonotidae : Burmeisteria407.6 - 393.3 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Cirripedia
subclass
Animalia : Arthropoda : Maxillopoda : Cirripedia5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Ostracoda
class
Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Bairdia
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Bairdiidae : Bairdia100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Cythere
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Cytheridae : Cythere100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Bryozoa
phylum
Animalia : Bryozoa407.6 - 2.588 Ma
Phanerozoic
Brachiopoda
phylum
Animalia : Brachiopoda407.6 - 393.3 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Notiochonetes
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Productida : Chonetidae : Notiochonetes407.6 - 393.3 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Australospirifer
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Hysterolitidae : Australospirifer407.6 - 393.3 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Australocoelia
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Leptocoeliidae : Australocoelia407.6 - 393.3 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Kraussina
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Kraussinidae : Kraussina5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Pleurothyrella
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Meganterididae : Pleurothyrella407.6 - 393.3 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Ophiuroidea
class
Animalia : Echinodermata : Ophiuroidea407.6 - 387.7 Ma
Devonian
Crinoidea
class
Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea407.6 - 393.3 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Ophiocrinus
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Ophiocrinus407.6 - 387.7 Ma
Devonian
Cradeocrinus
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Cradeocrinus393.3 - 387.7 Ma
Devonian
Cidaris
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cidaroida : Cidaridae : Cidaris100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Carcharodon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Lamniformes : Lamnidae : Carcharodon20.44 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Isurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Lamniformes : Lamnidae : Isurus100.5 - 15.97 Ma
Phanerozoic
Lamna
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Lamniformes : Lamnidae : Lamna20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Osteichthyes
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes199.3 - 2.588 Ma
Phanerozoic
Labrodon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Labriformes : Labridae : Labrodon20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Temnospondyli
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli259.9 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Reptilia
class
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocodylia
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Aves
class
Animalia : Chordata : Aves5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Cetacea
order
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea11.608 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Rhinesuchidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Rhinesuchidae265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Rhinesuchus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Rhinesuchidae : Rhinesuchus265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Lydekkerina
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Lydekkerina259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Chigutisauridae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Chigutisauridae228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Ranidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia : Anura : Ranidae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Procolophon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Procolophonidae : Procolophon252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Bradysaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pareiasauridae : Bradysaurus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Embrithosaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pareiasauridae : Embrithosaurus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Pareiasaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pareiasauridae : Pareiasaurus265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Millerettidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Millerettidae259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Millerosaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Millerettidae : Millerosaurus259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Mesosauridae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Mesosauridae290.1 - 279.3 Ma
Permian
Testudinidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae0.781 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Lacertilia
suborder
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Lacertilia228 - 190.8 Ma
Mesozoic
Viperidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Viperidae0.781 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Plesiosauroidea
superfamily
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Sauropterygia : Plesiosauroidea100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Archosauria
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Archosauria228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Proterosuchidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Proterosuchidae252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Sauropodomorpha
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Sauropodomorpha228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Prosauropoda
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Prosauropoda228 - 190.8 Ma
Mesozoic
Anchisauridae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Anchisauridae201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Massospondylus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Massospondylidae : Massospondylus228 - 190.8 Ma
Mesozoic
Plateosaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Plateosauridae : Plateosaurus228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Melanorosaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Melanorosaurus228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Ornithopoda
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Ornithopoda89.3 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Fabrosauridae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Fabrosauridae201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Heterodontosauridae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Heterodontosauridae201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Lycorhinus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Heterodontosauridae : Lycorhinus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Dinocephalia
suborder
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Dinocephalia265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Anteosaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Anteosauridae : Anteosaurus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Titanosuchidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Titanosuchidae265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Jonkeria
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Titanosuchidae : Jonkeria265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Titanosuchus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Titanosuchidae : Titanosuchus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Tapinocephalia
infraorder
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Tapinocephalia265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Moschops
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Tapinocephalidae : Moschops265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Keratocephalus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Tapinocephalidae : Keratocephalus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Mormosaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Tapinocephalidae : Mormosaurus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Phocosaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Tapinocephalidae : Phocosaurus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Struthiocephaloides
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Tapinocephalidae : Struthiocephaloides265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Struthiocephalus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Tapinocephalidae : Struthiocephalus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Dicynodontia
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Dicynodontia265.1 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Galeops
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Galeops259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Endothiodon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Endothiodon259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Aulacephalodon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Geikiidae : Aulacephalodon259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Dicynodon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Dicynodon298.9 - 252.17 Ma
Paleozoic
Kannemeyeriidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Kannemeyeriidae247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Angonisaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Kannemeyeriidae : Angonisaurus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Kannemeyeria
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Kannemeyeria247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Shansiodon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Shansiodontidae : Shansiodon247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Lystrosaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Lystrosauridae : Lystrosaurus265.1 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Oudenodon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Oudenodontidae : Oudenodon259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Tropidostoma
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Oudenodontidae : Tropidostoma259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Pristerodon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pristerodon259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Emydops
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Emydops272.3 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Cistecephalus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Cistecephalidae : Cistecephalus298.9 - 252.17 Ma
Paleozoic
Robertia
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pylaecephalidae : Robertia265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Diictodon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pylaecephalidae : Diictodon298.9 - 252.17 Ma
Paleozoic
Gorgonopsia
suborder
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopsia265.1 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Gorgonopidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Aelurosaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Aelurosaurus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Arctops
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Arctops259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Cyonosaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Cyonosaurus259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Rubidgea
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Rubidgea259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Therocephalia
order
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia265.1 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Pristerognathus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Pristerognathus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Ictidosuchops
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Ictidosuchidae : Ictidosuchops259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Moschorhinus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Akidnognathidae : Moschorhinus259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Scaloposauridae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Scaloposauridae265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Tetracynodon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Lycideopidae : Tetracynodon259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Cynodontia
family
Animalia : Chordata : Cynodontia247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Cynosaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Galesauridae : Cynosaurus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Cynognathus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Cynognathus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Diademodon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Diademodon247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Tritylodon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Tritylodontidae : Tritylodon201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Pachygenelus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Tritheledontidae : Pachygenelus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Struthionidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Struthioniformes : Struthionidae5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Struthio
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Struthioniformes : Struthionidae : Struthio11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Galeopithecidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Galeopithecidae5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Chrysochloridae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Afrosoricida : Chrysochloridae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Homo
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Homo0.781 - 0.126 Ma
Pleistocene
Phocidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Phocidae11.608 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Mystromys
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Nesomyidae : Mystromys0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Mastomys
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Mastomys0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Rhabdomys
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Rhabdomys0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cryptomys
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Bathyergidae : Cryptomys0.781 - 0.126 Ma
Pleistocene
Petromus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Petromuridae : Petromus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Diamantomys
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Diamantomyidae : Diamantomys20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Ruminantia
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Ruminantia20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Giraffa
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Giraffa0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Equus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Equus0.781 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Hipparion
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Hipparion11.608 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Rhinocerotidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae20.44 - 0.126 Ma
Cenozoic
Ceratotherium
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Ceratotherium11.608 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Gomphotheriidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae20.44 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Loxodonta
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Loxodonta11.608 - 0.126 Ma
Cenozoic
Dinosauria
order
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Lycorhinus angustidens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Heterodontosauridae : Lycorhinus : Lycorhinus angustidens201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Heterodontosaurus tucki
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Heterodontosauridae : Heterodontosaurus : Heterodontosaurus tucki201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Mirounga
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Phocidae : Mirounga20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Crocodylomorpha
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Crocodylomorpha199.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Gorgonops kaiseri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Gorgonops : Gorgonops kaiseri265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Asterotheca
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Marattiales : Asterothecaceae : Asterotheca251.3 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Plantae
kingdom
Plantae89.3 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Platyceratidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Platyceratidae407.6 - 393.3 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Bellerophontidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bellerophontidae407.6 - 393.3 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Zamites
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Cycadopsida : Cycadales : Zamites140.2 - 136.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Lycopsida
class
Plantae : Pteridophyta : Lycopsida237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Pteridophyta
phylum
Plantae : Pteridophyta237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Melanorosaurus readi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Melanorosaurus : Melanorosaurus readi228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Pareiasaurus serridens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pareiasauridae : Pareiasaurus : Pareiasaurus serridens265.1 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Pinus
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Pinaceae : Pinus201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Equisetum
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Equisetales : Equisetaceae : Equisetum265.1 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Tracheophyta
phylum
Plantae : Tracheophyta251.3 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Blikanasaurus cromptoni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Blikanasaurus : Blikanasaurus cromptoni228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Gymnospermopsida
class
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Gymnospermopsida237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Cladophlebis
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Osmundales : Osmundaceae : Cladophlebis251.3 - 136.4 Ma
Mesozoic
Sphenopteris
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Lyginopteridaceae : Sphenopteris259.9 - 251.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Araucaria
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Araucariaceae : Araucaria140.2 - 66 Ma
Cretaceous
Taeniopteris
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Cycadopsida : Cycadales : Crossozamiaceae : Taeniopteris259.9 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Otozamites
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Cycadopsida : Otozamites201.3 - 136.4 Ma
Mesozoic
Weltrichia
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Cycadopsida : Williamsoniaceae : Weltrichia237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Cycadolepis
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Cycadopsida : Cycadeoideaceae : Cycadolepis237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Plateosauravus cullingworthi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Plateosauridae : Plateosauravus : Plateosauravus cullingworthi228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Massospondylus carinatus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Massospondylidae : Massospondylus : Massospondylus carinatus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Basutodon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Basutodon228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Eucnemesaurus fortis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Eucnemesaurus : Eucnemesaurus fortis228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Phthartus africanus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Ephemeroptera : Ephemeridae : Phthartus : Phthartus africanus199.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Samaroblatta africanum
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Blattaria : Caloblattinidae : Samaroblatta : Samaroblatta africanum199.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Protogryllus (Archaegryllodes) stormbergensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Orthoptera : Protogryllidae : Protogryllus : Protogryllus (Archaegryllodes) stormbergensis199.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Theriodontia
order
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Theriodontia259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Pachygenelus monus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Tritheledontidae : Pachygenelus : Pachygenelus monus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Tritheledon riconoi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Tritheledontidae : Tritheledon : Tritheledon riconoi201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Sphenosuchus acutus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Sphenosuchus : Sphenosuchus acutus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Notochampsa longipes
species
Notochampsa longipes201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Pareiasauria
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pareiasauria265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Bradysaurus baini
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Bradysaurus : Bradysaurus baini265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Anthodon serrarius
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Stegosauridae : Paranthodon : Anthodon serrarius259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Procolophon trigoniceps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Procolophonidae : Procolophon : Procolophon trigoniceps252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Tapinocephalus atherstonii
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Tapinocephalus : Tapinocephalus atherstonii265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Delphinognathus conocephalus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Delphinognathus : Delphinognathus conocephalus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Moschops capensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Tapinocephalidae : Moschops : Moschops capensis265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Tamboeria maraisi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Tamboeria : Tamboeria maraisi265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Galechirus scholtzi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Galechirus : Galechirus scholtzi265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Titanosuchus ferox
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Titanosuchidae : Titanosuchus : Titanosuchus ferox272.3 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Gorgonops whaitsi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Gorgonops : Gorgonops whaitsi265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Gorgonops torvus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Gorgonops : Gorgonops torvus265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Alopecodon priscus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Alopecodontidae : Alopecodon : Alopecodon priscus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Lycosaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Lycosaurus265.1 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Lycosaurus pardalis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Lycosaurus : Lycosaurus pardalis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Eriphostoma
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eriphostoma265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Eriphostoma microdon
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eriphostoma : Eriphostoma microdon265.1 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Pardosuchus whaitsi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Alopecodontidae : Pardosuchus : Pardosuchus whaitsi265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Scymnosaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pristerognathidae : Scymnosaurus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Scymnosaurus ferox
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pristerognathidae : Scymnosaurus : Scymnosaurus ferox265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Glanosuchus macrops
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Scylacosauridae : Glanosuchus : Glanosuchus macrops268.8 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Trochosaurus acutus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Trochosaurus : Trochosaurus acutus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Hyaenasuchus whaitsi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Lycosuchidae : Hyaenasuchus : Hyaenasuchus whaitsi265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Scylacosaurus sclateri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Euchambersiidae : Scylacosaurus : Scylacosaurus sclateri265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Pristerognathus platyrhinus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Pristerognathus : Pristerognathus platyrhinus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Ictidognathus parvidens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Ictidognathus : Ictidognathus parvidens259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Ictidognathus hemburyi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Ictidognathus : Ictidognathus hemburyi265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Scaloposaurus constrictus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Scaloposaurus : Scaloposaurus constrictus259.9 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Aloposaurus gracilis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Aloposaurus : Aloposaurus gracilis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Aelurosaurus felinus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Aelurosaurus : Aelurosaurus felinus272.3 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Arctognathus curvimola
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Arctognathus : Arctognathus curvimola259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Cynosaurus suppostus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Galesauridae : Cynosaurus : Cynosaurus suppostus259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Tigrisuchus simus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Tigrisuchus : Tigrisuchus simus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Ictidosuchus primaevus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Ictidosuchus : Ictidosuchus primaevus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Endothiodon bathystoma
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Endothiodon : Endothiodon bathystoma265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Pristerodon mackayi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pristerodon : Pristerodon mackayi265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Pristerodon whaitsi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pristerodon : Pristerodon whaitsi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Prodicynodon pearstonensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Prodicynodon : Prodicynodon pearstonensis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Prodicynodon beaufortensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Prodicynodon : Prodicynodon beaufortensis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Cistecephalus microrhinus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Cistecephalidae : Cistecephalus : Cistecephalus microrhinus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Kannemeyeria simocephala
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Kannemeyeria : Kannemeyeria simocephala247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Lystrosaurus curvatus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Lystrosauridae : Lystrosaurus : Lystrosaurus curvatus252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Dicynodontoides recurvidens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Kingoriidae : Dicynodontoides : Dicynodontoides recurvidens259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Daptocephalus leoniceps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Daptocephalus : Daptocephalus leoniceps259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Diictodon feliceps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pylaecephalidae : Diictodon : Diictodon feliceps272.3 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Galesaurus planiceps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Galesauridae : Galesaurus : Galesaurus planiceps252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Cynognathus crateronotus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Cynognathus : Cynognathus crateronotus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Microgomphodon oligocynus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Nothogomphodontidae : Microgomphodon : Microgomphodon oligocynus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Cricodon kannemeyeri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Trirachodontidae : Cricodon : Cricodon kannemeyeri247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Trirachodon berryi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Trirachodontidae : Trirachodon : Trirachodon berryi247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Eunotosaurus africanus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eunotosaurus : Eunotosaurus africanus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Archosauriformes
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Archosauriformes252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Dictyopteridium sporiferum
species
Dictyopteridium : Dictyopteridium sporiferum259.9 - 251.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Dictyopteridium flabellatum
species
Dictyopteridium : Dictyopteridium flabellatum254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Scopus gibbosus
species
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Scopus : Scopus gibbosus254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Scopus confertus
species
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Scopus : Scopus confertus254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Scopus didiscus
species
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Scopus : Scopus didiscus254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Scopus obscurus
species
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Scopus : Scopus obscurus254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Plumsteadia
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Dictyopteridiaceae : Plumsteadia259.9 - 251.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Fetura natalensis
species
Fetura : Fetura natalensis259.9 - 251.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Lesothosaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Lesothosaurus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Lesothosaurus diagnosticus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Lesothosaurus : Lesothosaurus diagnosticus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Cylichna incisa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Cylichnidae : Cylichna : Cylichna incisa86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Paleopsephaea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pholidotomidae : Paleopsephaea86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Teredinidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Teredinidae83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Thetironia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Thetironia140.2 - 136.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Grampus griseus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Delphinidae : Grampus : Grampus griseus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Steno bredanensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Delphinidae : Steno : Steno bredanensis0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Lagenodelphis hosei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Delphinidae : Lagenodelphis : Lagenodelphis hosei0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Berardius arnuxii
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Hyperoodontidae : Berardius : Berardius arnuxii0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Sagmatias cruciger
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Delphinidae : Sagmatias : Sagmatias cruciger0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Otozoum
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Otozoidae : Otozoum237 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Carcharias
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Lamniformes : Odontaspididae : Carcharias100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Schizofusus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Schizofusus86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Muteluma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Muteluma86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Kogia breviceps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Kogiidae : Kogia : Kogia breviceps0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Delphinus delphis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Delphinidae : Delphinus : Delphinus delphis0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Abrictosaurus consors
species
Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Heterodontosauridae : Abrictosaurus : Abrictosaurus consors201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Trigonephrus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Stylommatophora : Dorcasiidae : Trigonephrus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pronolagus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Pronolagus0.781 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Gerbillurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Gerbillurus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Bathyergus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Bathyergidae : Bathyergus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Parotomys
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Parotomys0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Paraxerus inuus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Paraxerus : Paraxerus inuus0.781 - 0.126 Ma
Pleistocene
Kenyasus namaquensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kenyasus : Kenyasus namaquensis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Grallator (Eubrontes)
subgenus
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Eubrontidae : Grallator (Eubrontes)237 - 190.8 Ma
Mesozoic
Biarmosuchia
infraorder
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Biarmosuchia259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Eutherocephalia
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Eutherocephalia259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Anomoepus scambus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Moyenisauropodidae : Anomoepus : Anomoepus scambus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Clevosaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Rhynchocephalia : Clevosauridae : Clevosaurus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Stormbergia
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Stormbergia201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Stormbergia dangershoeki
species
Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Stormbergia : Stormbergia dangershoeki201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Vulcanobatrachus mandelai
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Anura : Vulcanobatrachus : Vulcanobatrachus mandelai89.3 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Coleoptera
order
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera254.17 - 0.0117 Ma
Phanerozoic
Tenebrionidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae72.1 - 59.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Globicephala macrorhynchus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Delphinidae : Globicephala : Globicephala macrorhynchus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Homoptera
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Lepidoptera : Homoptera254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Foraminifera
phylum
Chromista : Foraminifera100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Homiphoca capensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Phocidae : Homiphoca : Homiphoca capensis5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Mirounga leonina
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Phocidae : Mirounga : Mirounga leonina0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Scylacoides ferox
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Scylacoides : Scylacoides ferox265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Alopecognathus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pristerognathidae : Alopecognathus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Alopecognathus angusticeps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pristerognathidae : Alopecognathus : Alopecognathus angusticeps265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Trochosuchus major
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Trochosuchus : Trochosuchus major265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Youngina capensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Younginidae : Youngina : Youngina capensis259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Tetrasauropus unguiferus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Tetrasauropus : Tetrasauropus unguiferus237 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Isognomon (Melina)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Malleidae : Isognomon : Isognomon (Melina)5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Kalosauropus masitisii
species
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Otozoidae : Kalosauropus : Kalosauropus masitisii201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Oxyrhina
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Odontaspidida : Isuridae : Oxyrhina5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Otodus megalodon
species
Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Lamniformes : Otodontidae : Otodus : Otodus megalodon5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Kangnasaurus coetzeei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Dryosauridae : Kangnasaurus : Kangnasaurus coetzeei100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lissodelphis peronii
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Delphinidae : Lissodelphis : Lissodelphis peronii0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Pulvinulina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Pulvinulina100.5 - 2.588 Ma
Phanerozoic
Chlamys (Chlamys)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys)83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Homo sapiens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Homo : Homo sapiens0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Treptichnus
genus
Treptichnus635 - 530 Ma
Neoproterozoic to Cambrian
Anomalina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Anomalinidae : Anomalina100.5 - 2.588 Ma
Phanerozoic
Trochactaeon (Trochactaeon) woodsi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architectibranchia : Acteonidae : Trochactaeon : Trochactaeon (Trochactaeon) woodsi86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Oudenodon bainii
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Oudenodontidae : Oudenodon : Oudenodon bainii265.1 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Dicynodon lacerticeps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Dicynodon : Dicynodon lacerticeps259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Saccostrea cuccullata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Saccostrea : Saccostrea cuccullata2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Camerata
subclass
Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Camerata407.6 - 387.7 Ma
Devonian
Gaudryceratidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Gaudryceratidae86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lumkuia fuzzi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Lumkuiidae : Lumkuia : Lumkuia fuzzi247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Hipposaurus boonstrai
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Ictidorhinidae : Hipposaurus : Hipposaurus boonstrai265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Lemurosaurus pricei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Ictidorhinidae : Lemurosaurus : Lemurosaurus pricei298.9 - 252.17 Ma
Paleozoic
Zelandites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Gaudryceratidae : Zelandites86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Palaeoniscus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Palaeoniscidae : Palaeoniscus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Kenyapithecus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Kenyapithecus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Strataster
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Ophiuroidea : Protasteridae : Strataster393.3 - 387.7 Ma
Devonian
Strataster ohioensis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Ophiuroidea : Protasteridae : Strataster : Strataster ohioensis393.3 - 387.7 Ma
Devonian
Prodeinotherium hobleyi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : Prodeinotherium : Prodeinotherium hobleyi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Miliolina
suborder
Foraminferea : Miliolida : Miliolina100.5 - 2.588 Ma
Phanerozoic
Barnea truncata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Pholadidae : Barnea : Barnea truncata2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Dracovenator regenti
species
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Dracovenator : Dracovenator regenti201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Kombuisia frerensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Kingoriidae : Kombuisia : Kombuisia frerensis247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Burnetiamorpha
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Burnetiamorpha298.9 - 252.17 Ma
Paleozoic
Pachydectes elsi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Burnetiidae : Pachydectes : Pachydectes elsi265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Patranomodon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Patranomodon268.8 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Eodicynodon oelofseni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Eodicynodon : Eodicynodon oelofseni272.3 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Australosyodon nyaphuli
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Anteosauridae : Australosyodon : Australosyodon nyaphuli268.8 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Turritella (Torquesia) carinifera
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Turritellidae : Torquesia : Turritella (Torquesia) carinifera2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Aspidella
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Aspidella635 - 541 Ma
Neoproterozoic
Turritella (Zaria)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella (Zaria)83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Diodora (Diodora)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Fissurellidae : Diodora : Diodora (Diodora)83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Coletta seca
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Procolophonidae : Coletta : Coletta seca251.2 - 247.2 Ma
Early/Lower Triassic
Saurodektes rogersorum
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Owenettidae : Saurodektes : Saurodektes rogersorum252.17 - 251.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Rhinesuchoides tenuiceps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Rhinesuchidae : Rhinesuchoides : Rhinesuchoides tenuiceps259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Brachyopoidea
superfamily
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Brachyopoidea201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Owenetta kitchingorum
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Owenettidae : Owenetta : Owenetta kitchingorum252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Milleropsis pricei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Millerettidae : Milleropsis : Milleropsis pricei259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Millerosaurus ornatus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Millerettidae : Millerosaurus : Millerosaurus ornatus259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Milleretta rubidgei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Millerettidae : Milleretta : Milleretta rubidgei259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Millerinoides acutirostris
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Millerettidae : Millerinoides : Millerinoides acutirostris259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Bradgatia
genus
Animalia : Rangeomorpha : Bradgatia635 - 541 Ma
Neoproterozoic
Kwazulusaurus shakai
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Lystrosauridae : Kwazulusaurus : Kwazulusaurus shakai259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Lystrosaurus murrayi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Lystrosauridae : Lystrosaurus : Lystrosaurus murrayi259.9 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Lystrosaurus maccaigi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Lystrosauridae : Lystrosaurus : Lystrosaurus maccaigi259.9 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Calamites
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Equisetales : Calamitaceae : Calamites251.3 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Desmophyllites diphylloides
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Desmoceratidae : Desmophyllites : Desmophyllites diphylloides86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Encrinaster tischbeinianus
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Ophiuroidea : Encrinasteridae : Encrinaster : Encrinaster tischbeinianus393.3 - 387.7 Ma
Devonian
Peroniceras (Zuluiceras) rarum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Collignoniceratidae : Peroniceras : Peroniceras (Zuluiceras) rarum89.3 - 85.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gauthiericeras obesum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Collignoniceratidae : Gauthiericeras : Gauthiericeras obesum89.3 - 85.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gauthiericeras listeri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Collignoniceratidae : Gauthiericeras : Gauthiericeras listeri89.3 - 85.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gauthiericeras album
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Collignoniceratidae : Gauthiericeras : Gauthiericeras album89.3 - 85.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gauthiericeras libertae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Collignoniceratidae : Gauthiericeras : Gauthiericeras libertae89.3 - 85.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hoplitoplacenticeras (Hoplitoplacenticeras) howarthi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Placenticeratidae : Hoplitoplacenticeras : Hoplitoplacenticeras (Hoplitoplacenticeras) howarthi83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Plesiotexanites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Collignoniceratidae : Plesiotexanites85.8 - 83.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Phylloceras (Hypophylloceras) woodsi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Phylloceratida : Phylloceratidae : Phylloceras : Phylloceras (Hypophylloceras) woodsi86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Partschiceras umzambiense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Phylloceratida : Phylloceratidae : Partschiceras : Partschiceras umzambiense86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Saghalinites nuperus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Tetragonitidae : Saghalinites : Saghalinites nuperus85.8 - 83.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hyphantoceras amapondense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Nostoceratidae : Hyphantoceras : Hyphantoceras amapondense85.8 - 83.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Kossmaticeras (Natalites)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Kossmaticeratidae : Kossmaticeras : Kossmaticeras (Natalites)83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Umgazaniceras thieuloyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Himantoceratidae : Umgazaniceras : Umgazaniceras thieuloyi140.2 - 136.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Bochianites renevieri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Bochianitidae : Bochianites : Bochianites renevieri140.2 - 136.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Submortoniceras woodsi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Collignoniceratidae : Submortoniceras : Submortoniceras woodsi85.8 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Kossmaticeras (Natalites) similis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Kossmaticeratidae : Kossmaticeras : Kossmaticeras (Natalites) similis86.3 - 83.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hauericeras (Gardeniceras) gardeni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Desmoceratidae : Hauericeras : Hauericeras (Gardeniceras) gardeni86.3 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Baculites capensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Baculitidae : Baculites : Baculites capensis85.8 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Inoceramus (Sphenoceramus) pachti
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Inoceramus : Inoceramus (Sphenoceramus) pachti83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Inoceramus (Endocostea) mulleri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Inoceramus : Inoceramus (Endocostea) mulleri83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Anagaudryceras subsacya
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Gaudryceratidae : Anagaudryceras : Anagaudryceras subsacya83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hoplitoplacenticeras plasticum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Placenticeratidae : Hoplitoplacenticeras : Hoplitoplacenticeras plasticum83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Texanites (Plesiotexanites) stangeri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Collignoniceratidae : Plesiotexanites : Texanites (Plesiotexanites) stangeri86.3 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pseudophyllites indra
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Tetragonitidae : Pseudophyllites : Pseudophyllites indra85.8 - 83.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Eulophoceras natalense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Sphenodiscidae : Eulophoceras : Eulophoceras natalense85.8 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Brachychirotherium thuringiacum
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Chirotheriidae : Brachychirotherium : Brachychirotherium thuringiacum201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Nguruwe kijivium
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Nguruwe : Nguruwe kijivium20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Pterotrigonia (Pterotrigonia)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Megatrigoniidae : Pterotrigonia : Pterotrigonia (Pterotrigonia)83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Kenyasus rusingensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kenyasus : Kenyasus rusingensis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Senqutrisauropus priscus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Anchisauridae : Senqutrisauropus : Senqutrisauropus priscus237 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Anatrisauropus ginsburgi
species
Anatrisauropus : Anatrisauropus ginsburgi201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Seakatrisauropus unguiferus
species
Seakatrisauropus : Seakatrisauropus unguiferus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Seakatrisauropus divergens
species
Seakatrisauropus : Seakatrisauropus divergens201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Paratrisauropus mendrezi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Paratrisauropus : Paratrisauropus mendrezi201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Grallator graciosus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Eubrontidae : Grallator (Eubrontes) : Grallator graciosus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Grallator angustidigitus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Eubrontidae : Grallator (Eubrontes) : Grallator angustidigitus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Grallator crassidigitus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Eubrontidae : Grallator (Eubrontes) : Grallator crassidigitus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Pseudotetrasauropus bipedoida
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Pseudotetrasauropus : Pseudotetrasauropus bipedoida237 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Paratetrasauropus seakensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Paratetrasauropus : Paratetrasauropus seakensis201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Sauropodopus antiquus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Chirotheriidae : Sauropodopus : Sauropodopus antiquus237 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Lacertoidopus sociabilis
species
Lacertoidopus : Lacertoidopus sociabilis201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Pentasauropus incredibilis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pentasauropus : Pentasauropus incredibilis237 - 190.8 Ma
Mesozoic
Orthosuchus stormbergi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Notochampsidae : Orthosuchus : Orthosuchus stormbergi201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Grallator deambulator
species
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Eubrontidae : Grallator (Eubrontes) : Grallator deambulator201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Anomoepus palmipes
species
Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Moyenisauropodidae : Anomoepus : Anomoepus palmipes201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Episcopopus ventrosus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Episcopopus : Episcopopus ventrosus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Amphibiopodiscus saltator
species
Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia : Amphibiopodiscus : Amphibiopodiscus saltator201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Eotetrapodiscus cursor
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Eotetrapodiscus : Eotetrapodiscus cursor201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Eotetrapodiscus moyenensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Eotetrapodiscus : Eotetrapodiscus moyenensis201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Plastisauropus ingens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Eubrontidae : Grallator (Eubrontes) : Plastisauropus ingens201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Moyenisauropodiscus perdiciforma
species
Moyenisauropodiscus : Moyenisauropodiscus perdiciforma201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Masitisisauropezus minimus
species
Masitisisauropezus : Masitisisauropezus minimus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Trisauropodiscus superavipes
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gruipeda : Trisauropodiscus superavipes201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Batrachopus tenuis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Batrachopodidae : Batrachopus : Batrachopus tenuis201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Batrachopus rugosus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Batrachopodidae : Batrachopus : Batrachopus rugosus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Ameghinichnus fortis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Ameghinichnidae : Ameghinichnus : Ameghinichnus fortis201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Myopentapodiscus minusculus
species
Myopentapodiscus : Myopentapodiscus minusculus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Myopentapodiscus moorosii
species
Myopentapodiscus : Myopentapodiscus moorosii201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Apodidichnus leloalengensis
species
Apodidae : Apodidichnus : Apodidichnus leloalengensis199.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Grallator lambereshei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Eubrontidae : Grallator (Eubrontes) : Grallator lambereshei199.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Lehahichnus coquinaris
species
Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia : Lehahichnus : Lehahichnus coquinaris199.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Cridotrisauropus cruentus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Cridotrisauropus : Cridotrisauropus cruentus199.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Qomoqomosauropus acutus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Anchisauridae : Qomoqomosauropus : Qomoqomosauropus acutus199.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Sauroeidepus quthingensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Sauroeidepus : Sauroeidepus quthingensis199.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Batrachopodiscus quthingensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Batrachopodiscus : Batrachopodiscus quthingensis199.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Sphenolepidium
genus
Sphenolepidium201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pinus vulcaniamniensis
species
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Pinaceae : Pinus : Pinus vulcaniamniensis190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Sivatherium maurusium
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Sivatherium : Sivatherium maurusium0.781 - 0.126 Ma
Pleistocene
Homalonotidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Homalonotidae407.6 - 393.3 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Calmoniidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Calmoniidae407.6 - 393.3 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Hexapoda
superclass
Animalia : Arthropoda : Hexapoda259.9 - 251.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Permithone
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Neuroptera : Permithonidae : Permithone254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Permopsychops
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Neuroptera : Permithonidae : Permopsychops254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Archeosmylidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Neuroptera : Archeosmylidae254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Archeosmylus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Neuroptera : Archeosmylidae : Archeosmylus254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Cladochoristidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Trichoptera : Cladochoristidae254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Leontosaurus vanderhorsti
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Leontosaurus : Leontosaurus vanderhorsti259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Saurorictus australis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Captorhinidae : Saurorictus : Saurorictus australis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Equisetites
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Equisetales : Equisetaceae : Equisetites201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Glycymeris pilosa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris : Glycymeris pilosa5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Mecoptera
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Lepidoptera : Mecoptera237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Permochoristidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Permochoristidae254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Prochoristella
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Mesopanorpodidae : Prochoristella254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Owenetta rubidgei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Owenettidae : Owenetta : Owenetta rubidgei259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Nannochoristidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Nannochoristidae254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Heleosaurus scholtzi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Varanopidae : Heleosaurus : Heleosaurus scholtzi265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Prolacerta broomi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Prolacertidae : Prolacerta : Prolacerta broomi252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Pareiasuchus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pareiasuchus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Pareiasuchus peringueyi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pareiasuchus : Pareiasuchus peringueyi259.9 - 252.3 Ma
Permian
Pareiasuchus nasicornis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pareiasuchus : Pareiasuchus nasicornis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Noteosuchus colletti
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Noteosuchus : Noteosuchus colletti252.17 - 251.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Sauropareion anoplus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Procolophonidae : Sauropareion : Sauropareion anoplus252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Spondylolestes rubidgei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Procolophonidae : Spondylolestes : Spondylolestes rubidgei259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Lystrosaurus declivis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Lystrosauridae : Lystrosaurus : Lystrosaurus declivis252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Burnetia mirabilis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Burnetiidae : Burnetia : Burnetia mirabilis259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Lobalopex mordax
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Lobalopex : Lobalopex mordax259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Lophorhinus willodenensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Lophorhinus : Lophorhinus willodenensis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Charassognathus gracilis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Charassognathidae : Charassognathus : Charassognathus gracilis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Elliotsmithia longiceps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Varanopidae : Elliotsmithia : Elliotsmithia longiceps265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Bradysaurus seeleyi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pareiasauridae : Bradysaurus : Bradysaurus seeleyi265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Paliguana whitei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Paliguana : Paliguana whitei252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Thrinaxodon liorhinus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Thrinaxodon : Thrinaxodon liorhinus252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Subprionotropis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Collignoniceratidae : Subprionotropis89.3 - 85.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pseudoschloenbachia (Pseudoschloenbachia) umbulazi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Muniericeratidae : Pseudoschloenbachia : Pseudoschloenbachia (Pseudoschloenbachia) umbulazi86.3 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gaudryceras (Gaudryceras) denseplicatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Gaudryceratidae : Gaudryceras : Gaudryceras (Gaudryceras) denseplicatum86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Australothyris smithi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Australothyris : Australothyris smithi265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Anningia megalops
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Varanopidae : Anningia : Anningia megalops265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Broomia perplexa
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Millerettidae : Broomia : Broomia perplexa265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Millerosaurus nuffieldi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Millerettidae : Millerosaurus : Millerosaurus nuffieldi259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Mesosaurus tenuidens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Mesosauridae : Mesosaurus : Mesosaurus tenuidens290.1 - 279.3 Ma
Permian
Raphicerus campestris
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Raphicerus : Raphicerus campestris0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pteridinium simplex
species
Animalia : Petalonamae : Pteridinium : Pteridinium simplex635 - 541 Ma
Neoproterozoic
Swartpuntia germsi
species
Animalia : Petalonamae : Swartpuntia : Swartpuntia germsi635 - 541 Ma
Neoproterozoic
Ignotala
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Ignotalidae : Ignotala254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Namacalathus hermanastes
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Namacalathus : Namacalathus hermanastes635 - 541 Ma
Neoproterozoic
Permonka
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Miomoptera : Permosialidae : Permonka254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Protechiurus edmondsi
species
Protechiurus : Protechiurus edmondsi635 - 541 Ma
Neoproterozoic
Cristellaria
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Lagenidae : Cristellaria100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Haughtonaster reedi
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Stenuroidea : Eophiuridae : Haughtonaster : Haughtonaster reedi407.6 - 387.7 Ma
Devonian
Marginura hilleri
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Ophiuroidea : Encrinasteridae : Marginura : Marginura hilleri407.6 - 387.7 Ma
Devonian
Strataster stuckenbergi
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Ophiuroidea : Oegophiurida : Protasteridae : Strataster : Strataster stuckenbergi393.3 - 387.7 Ma
Devonian
Eoxenopoides reuningi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Anura : Eoxenopoides : Eoxenopoides reuningi72.1 - 59.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Kitchingnathus untabeni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Procolophonidae : Kitchingnathus : Kitchingnathus untabeni251.2 - 247.2 Ma
Early/Lower Triassic
Glossopteris
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Rigbyaceae : Glossopteris268.8 - 251.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Arberia
genus
Arberia272.3 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Umkomasia
genus
Plantae : Peltaspermophyta : Peltaspermopsida : Peltaspermales : Umkomasiaceae : Umkomasia237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Peltaspermum
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Peltaspermaceae : Peltaspermum237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Antevsia
genus
Plantae : Peltaspermophyta : Peltaspermopsida : Peltaspermales : Peltaspermaceae : Antevsia237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Lepidopteris
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Peltaspermaceae : Lepidopteris251.3 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Scytophyllum
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Peltaspermaceae : Scytophyllum237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Sphenobaiera
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Ginkgoopsida : Ginkgoales : Karkeniaceae : Sphenobaiera251.3 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Pteruchus
genus
Plantae : Peltaspermophyta : Peltaspermopsida : Peltaspermales : Umkomasiaceae : Pteruchus237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Dicroidium
genus
Plantae : Peltaspermophyta : Peltaspermopsida : Peltaspermales : Umkomasiaceae : Dicroidium251.3 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Arberiales
order
Plantae : Peltaspermophyta : Arberiopsida : Arberiales272.3 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Androstrobus
genus
Plantae : Cycadophyta : Cycadopsida : Cycadales : Beaniaceae : Androstrobus237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Galesphyrus capensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Galesphyridae : Galesphyrus : Galesphyrus capensis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Argobuccinum pustulosum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Ranellidae : Argobuccinum : Argobuccinum pustulosum2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Anancus kenyensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Anancus : Anancus kenyensis11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Erythrosuchus africanus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Erythrosuchidae : Erythrosuchus : Erythrosuchus africanus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Lanthanostegus mohoii
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Lanthanostegus : Lanthanostegus mohoii265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Ictidosaurus angusticeps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Ictidosaurus : Ictidosaurus angusticeps268.8 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Eodicynodon oosthuizeni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Eodicynodon : Eodicynodon oosthuizeni272.3 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Camptonectes (Camptonectes)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Camptonectes : Camptonectes (Camptonectes)83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Paracyclotosaurus morganorum
species
Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia : Capitosauridae : Paracyclotosaurus : Paracyclotosaurus morganorum247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Xenotosuchus africanus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Mastodonsauridae : Xenotosuchus : Xenotosuchus africanus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Nilsonia
genus
Plantae : Cycadophyta : Cycadopsida : Cycadales : Nilsonia251.3 - 136.4 Ma
Mesozoic
Blattodea
order
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Blattodea237 - 190.8 Ma
Mesozoic
Geinitziidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Grylloblattodea : Geinitziidae237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Progalesaurus lootbergensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Galesauridae : Progalesaurus : Progalesaurus lootbergensis252.17 - 251.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Kannemeyeriiformes
order
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Kannemeyeriiformes247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Litargosuchus leptorhynchus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Litargosuchus : Litargosuchus leptorhynchus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Langbergia modisei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Trirachodontidae : Langbergia : Langbergia modisei251.2 - 247.2 Ma
Early/Lower Triassic
Diademodon tetragonus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Diademodon : Diademodon tetragonus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Ignavusaurus rachelis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Ignavusaurus : Ignavusaurus rachelis201.3 - 199.3 Ma
Early Jurassic
Tetracynodon darti
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Lycideopidae : Tetracynodon : Tetracynodon darti252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Olivierosuchus parringtoni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Akidnognathidae : Olivierosuchus : Olivierosuchus parringtoni252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Bauria robusta
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Bauriidae : Bauria : Bauria robusta247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Bauria cynops
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Bauriidae : Bauria : Bauria cynops247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Meganisoptera
order
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Meganisoptera237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Fletchitzia
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Grylloblattodea : Geinitziidae : Fletchitzia237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Shurabia kapokkraalensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Reculida : Geinitziidae : Shurabia : Shurabia kapokkraalensis237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Fletchitzia picturata
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Grylloblattodea : Geinitziidae : Fletchitzia : Fletchitzia picturata237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Bolotridon frerensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Bolotridon : Bolotridon frerensis247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Cricodon metabolus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Trirachodontidae : Cricodon : Cricodon metabolus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Megazostrodon rudnerae
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Megazostrodon : Megazostrodon rudnerae201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Moschorhinus kitchingi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Akidnognathidae : Moschorhinus : Moschorhinus kitchingi298.9 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Phonodus dutoitorum
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Procolophonidae : Phonodus : Phonodus dutoitorum252.17 - 251.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Scalenodontoides macrodontes
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Traversodontidae : Scalenodontoides : Scalenodontoides macrodontes228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Triassoneura andersoni
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Odonata : Triassolestidae : Triassoneura : Triassoneura andersoni237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Anomocephalus africanus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Anomocephalus : Anomocephalus africanus272.3 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Archizygoptera
suborder
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Archizygoptera254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Permomerope natalensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Protomeropidae : Permomerope : Permomerope natalensis254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Afroperla permiana
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Plecoptera : Palaeonemouridae : Afroperla : Afroperla permiana254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Proterosuchus fergusi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Proterosuchidae : Proterosuchus : Proterosuchus fergusi252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Permaeschnidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Odonata : Permaeschnidae254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Afrotriassothemis regularis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Odonata : Triassolestidae : Afrotriassothemis : Afrotriassothemis regularis237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Afrotriassothemis heidiae
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Odonata : Triassolestidae : Afrotriassothemis : Afrotriassothemis heidiae237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Massospondylus kaalae
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Massospondylidae : Massospondylus : Massospondylus kaalae201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Mesochorista australica
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Permochoristidae : Mesochorista : Mesochorista australica254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Samaroblatta
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Blattodea : Mesoblattinidae : Samaroblatta237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Perna perna
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Perna : Perna perna2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Gryllacrimima
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Orthoptera : Proparagryllacrididae : Gryllacrimima237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Proparagryllacrididae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Orthoptera : Proparagryllacrididae237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Epimastax hesterae
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Miomoptera : Permosialidae : Epimastax : Epimastax hesterae254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Emydops oweni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Emydops : Emydops oweni259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Moltenia rieki
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Xyelidae : Moltenia : Moltenia rieki237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Voliopus margueritae
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Orthoptera : Haglidae : Voliopus : Voliopus margueritae237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Dordrechtia
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Orthoptera : Proparagryllacrididae : Dordrechtia237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Dordrechtia aasvoelbergensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Orthoptera : Proparagryllacrididae : Dordrechtia : Dordrechtia aasvoelbergensis237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Gryllacrimima johnski
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Orthoptera : Proparagryllacrididae : Gryllacrimima : Gryllacrimima johnski237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Lutheria dewetii
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Orthoptera : Xenopteridae : Lutheria : Lutheria dewetii237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Afrohagla
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Orthoptera : Haglidae : Afrohagla237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Permagrionidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Permagrionidae254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Afrohagla contorta
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Orthoptera : Haglidae : Afrohagla : Afrohagla contorta237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Mesorthopteron similis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Grylloblattodea : Mesorthopteridae : Mesorthopteron : Mesorthopteron similis237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Triassoblatta natalensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Triassoblattidae : Triassoblatta : Triassoblatta natalensis237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Triassoblatta robusta
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Blattodea : Triassoblattidae : Triassoblatta : Triassoblatta robusta237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Prosbolomorpha clara
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Dunstaniidae : Prosbolomorpha : Prosbolomorpha clara237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Tennentsia protuberans
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Dysmorphoptilidae : Tennentsia : Tennentsia protuberans237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Protopsyllidiidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Protopsyllidiidae237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Euchauliodes distinctus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Megaloptera : Euchauliodidae : Euchauliodes : Euchauliodes distinctus237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Afristella delicatula
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Mesopanorpodidae : Afristella : Afristella delicatula237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Moltenocupes townrowi
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Cupedidae : Moltenocupes : Moltenocupes townrowi237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Ademosyne speciosa
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Protocoleoptera : Ademosynidae : Ademosyne : Ademosyne speciosa237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Ademosyne prisca
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Protocoleoptera : Ademosynidae : Ademosyne : Ademosyne prisca237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Umkomaasia depressa
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Protocoleoptera : Permosynidae : Umkomaasia : Umkomaasia depressa237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Pseudosilphites natalensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Silphidae : Pseudosilphites : Pseudosilphites natalensis237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Litophlebia optata
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Litophlebiidae : Litophlebia : Litophlebia optata237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Triassologus biseriatus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Triassologus : Triassologus biseriatus237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Euxenoperla
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Plecoptera : Euxenoperlidae : Euxenoperla254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Euxenoperla clara
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Plecoptera : Euxenoperlidae : Euxenoperla : Euxenoperla clara237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Triassoblatta simplex
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Blattodea : Triassoblattidae : Triassoblatta : Triassoblatta simplex237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Samaroblatta parvula
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Blattodea : Mesoblattinidae : Samaroblatta : Samaroblatta parvula237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Samaroblattella revelata
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Blattodea : Spiloblattinidae : Samaroblattella : Samaroblattella revelata237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Dordrechtia robusta
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Orthoptera : Proparagryllacrididae : Dordrechtia : Dordrechtia robusta237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Triassogereon distinctum
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Mesogereonidae : Triassogereon : Triassogereon distinctum237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Fletcheriana magna
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Dunstaniidae : Fletcheriana : Fletcheriana magna237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Dunstania petrophila
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Dunstaniidae : Dunstania : Dunstania petrophila237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Leptoprosbole lepida
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Tettigarctidae : Leptoprosbole : Leptoprosbole lepida237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Scytinoptera distorta
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Scytinopteridae : Scytinoptera : Scytinoptera distorta237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Mesoses optata
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Lepidoptera : Mesoses : Mesoses optata237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Mesoses magna
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Lepidoptera : Mesoses : Mesoses magna237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Ademosyne reducta
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Protocoleoptera : Ademosynidae : Ademosyne : Ademosyne reducta237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Aulacocephalus pithecops
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Robertiidae : Aulacocephalus : Aulacocephalus pithecops259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Emydops arctatus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Emydops : Emydops arctatus272.3 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Palaeomantis
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mantodea : Mantidae : Palaeomantis254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Basilodon woodwardi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Basilodon : Basilodon woodwardi259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Permocicada
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Prosbolidae : Permocicada254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Palemydops platysoma
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Emydopidae : Palemydops : Palemydops platysoma259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Emyduranus platyops
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pristerodontidae : Emyduranus : Emyduranus platyops259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Emydorhinus sciuroides
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Emydorhinus : Emydorhinus sciuroides259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Aphanaia haibensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Kolymiidae : Aphanaia : Aphanaia haibensis295.5 - 290.1 Ma
Permian
Eoblattida
order
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Eoblattida237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Dicynodontoidea
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Dicynodontoidea259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Pristerodon agilis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pristerodon : Pristerodon agilis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Microposaurus casei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia : Trematosauridae : Microposaurus : Microposaurus casei247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Palaeagama vielhaueri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Palaeagama : Palaeagama vielhaueri254.17 - 251.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Saurosternon bainii
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Saurosternon : Saurosternon bainii259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Burnupena
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Burnupena2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Patella granularis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Patellogastropoda : Patellidae : Patella : Patella granularis2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Donax serra
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Donacidae : Donax : Donax serra2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Kraussina rubra
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Kraussinidae : Kraussina : Kraussina rubra7.246 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Permophilidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Blattodea : Permophilidae254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Bullia laevissima
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Nassariidae : Bullia : Bullia laevissima2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pachyblastus dicki
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Fissiculata : Pachyblastus : Pachyblastus dicki407.6 - 387.7 Ma
Devonian
Sacrinus
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Rutkowskicrinidae : Sacrinus407.6 - 387.7 Ma
Devonian
Bidentalia
family
Animalia : Chordata : Bidentalia259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Buccinum callosum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Buccinum : Buccinum callosum2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Buccinum digitale
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Buccinum : Buccinum digitale2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Choromytilus meridionalis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Choromytilus : Choromytilus meridionalis2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Artemis orbignyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Dosinia : Artemis orbignyi2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Nassarius scopularcus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Nassariidae : Nassarius : Nassarius scopularcus2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Marginella capensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Marginellidae : Marginella : Marginella capensis2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Tellina cumana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina cumana2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Turritella bicingulata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella bicingulata2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Sistrum squamosum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Thaididae : Drupa : Sistrum squamosum2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Tapes corrugatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Tapes : Tapes corrugatus2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Siphonaria capensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Siphonariida : Siphonariidae : Siphonaria : Siphonaria capensis2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Patella granatina
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Patellogastropoda : Patellidae : Patella : Patella granatina2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Brachyschisma oostheizeni
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Fissiculata : Brachyschismatidae : Brachyschisma : Brachyschisma oostheizeni407.6 - 387.7 Ma
Devonian
Mioloptera stuckenbergi
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Grylloblattodea : Liomopteridae : Mioloptera : Mioloptera stuckenbergi254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Liomoptoides similis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Grylloblattodea : Liomoptoides : Liomoptoides similis254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Liomopterina clara
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Grylloblattodea : Megakhosaridae : Liomopterina : Liomopterina clara254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Permonka bifida
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Miomoptera : Permosialidae : Permonka : Permonka bifida254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Euxenoperla simplex
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Plecoptera : Euxenoperlidae : Euxenoperla : Euxenoperla simplex254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Euxenoperla similis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Plecoptera : Euxenoperlidae : Euxenoperla : Euxenoperla similis254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Ignotala mirifica
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Ignotalidae : Ignotala : Ignotala mirifica254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Megoniella multinerva
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Ignotalidae : Megoniella : Megoniella multinerva254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Austroprosboloides vandijki
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Dunstaniidae : Austroprosboloides : Austroprosboloides vandijki254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Eoscartarellidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Eoscartarellidae254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Dysmorphoscartella lobata
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Eoscarterellidae : Dysmorphoscartella : Dysmorphoscartella lobata254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Redactineura acuminata
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Redactineura : Redactineura acuminata254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Agetopanorpa similis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Permochoristidae : Agetopanorpa : Agetopanorpa similis254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Aleuronympha bibulla
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Aleuronympha : Aleuronympha bibulla254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Karoohymen delicatulus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Megasecoptera : Scytohymenidae : Karoohymen : Karoohymen delicatulus254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Mioloptoides andrei
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Grylloblattodea : Liomopteridae : Mioloptoides : Mioloptoides andrei254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Miolopterina tenuipennis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Grylloblattodea : Megakhosaridae : Miolopterina : Miolopterina tenuipennis254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Paolekia perditae
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Protorthoptera : Paoliidae : Paolekia : Paolekia perditae254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Protettavus exilis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Orthoptera : Eolocustopsidae : Protettavus : Protettavus exilis254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Eolocustopsis primitiva
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Orthoptera : Eolocustopsidae : Eolocustopsis : Eolocustopsis primitiva254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Euxenoperla oliveri
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Plecoptera : Euxenoperlidae : Euxenoperla : Euxenoperla oliveri254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Euxenoperlella jacquesi
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Plecoptera : Euxenoperlidae : Euxenoperlella : Euxenoperlella jacquesi254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Phyllelytron acuminatum
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Dermaptera : Phyllelytron : Phyllelytron acuminatum254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Perissovena heidiae
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Pereboriidae : Perissovena : Perissovena heidiae254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Orthoscytina dubitata
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Prosbolidae : Orthoscytina : Orthoscytina dubitata254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Beaufortiscus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Prosbolidae : Beaufortiscus254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Beaufortiscus dixi
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Prosbolidae : Beaufortiscus : Beaufortiscus dixi254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Neurobole ramosa
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Prosbolidae : Neurobole : Neurobole ramosa254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Protopsyllidium lynae
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Protopsyllidiidae : Protopsyllidium : Protopsyllidium lynae254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Prochoristella channingi
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Mesopsychidae : Prochoristella : Prochoristella channingi254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Prochoristella hartmani
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Mesopanorpodidae : Prochoristella : Prochoristella hartmani254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Sismerobius pusillus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Neuroptera : Permithonidae : Sismerobius : Sismerobius pusillus254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Karoohymen minutus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Megasecoptera : Scytohymenidae : Karoohymen : Karoohymen minutus254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Permocicada thompsoni
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Prosbolidae : Permocicada : Permocicada thompsoni254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Stenotegmocicada triclades
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Prosbolidae : Stenotegmocicada : Stenotegmocicada triclades254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Afrostenovicia reidae
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Ipsviciidae : Afrostenovicia : Afrostenovicia reidae254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Callietheira granthami
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Permochoristidae : Callietheira : Callietheira granthami254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Prochoristella balgowanensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Mesopanorpodidae : Prochoristella : Prochoristella balgowanensis254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Prochoristella bulwerensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Mesopanorpodidae : Prochoristella : Prochoristella bulwerensis254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Neochoristella goodalli
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Nannochoristidae : Neochoristella : Neochoristella goodalli254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Struthio camelus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Struthioniformes : Struthionidae : Struthio : Struthio camelus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Colobodectes cluveri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Colobodectes : Colobodectes cluveri259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Pristerodon mirus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pristerodon : Pristerodon mirus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Suricata suricatta
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Suricata : Suricata suricatta0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Rhombocoleites danutae
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Rhombocoleidae : Rhombocoleites : Rhombocoleites danutae254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Taldycupes africanus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Protocoleoptera : Taldycupidae : Taldycupes : Taldycupes africanus254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Taldycupes lidgettoniensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Protocoleoptera : Taldycupidae : Taldycupes : Taldycupes lidgettoniensis254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Palademosyne natalensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Protocoleoptera : Permosynidae : Palademosyne : Palademosyne natalensis254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Permosyne elongata
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Protocoleoptera : Permosynidae : Permosyne : Permosyne elongata254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Namaichthys sculptus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Palaeonisciformes : Acrolepidae : Namaichthys : Namaichthys sculptus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Palaeoniscus capensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Palaeoniscidae : Palaeoniscus : Palaeoniscus capensis290.1 - 279.3 Ma
Permian
Elonichthys whaitsi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Palaeonisciformes : Elonichthyidae : Elonichthys : Elonichthys whaitsi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Pegomastax africanus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Heterodontosauridae : Pegomastax : Pegomastax africanus201.3 - 199.3 Ma
Early Jurassic
Emydops haughtoni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Emydops : Emydops haughtoni259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Cryptocynodon schroederi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Cryptocynodon : Cryptocynodon schroederi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Sphenophyllum
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Sphenophyllaceae : Sphenophyllum259.9 - 251.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Archaeosigillaria
genus
Plantae : Lycopodiophyta : Archaeosigillaria393.3 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Praeramunculus
genus
Progymnospermopsida : Praeramunculus393.3 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Watsonisuchus magnus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Watsonisuchus : Watsonisuchus magnus251.3 - 247.2 Ma
Early/Lower Triassic
Bathignathus watsoni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Brachyopidae : Bathignathus : Bathignathus watsoni247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Laidleria gracilis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Laidleria : Laidleria gracilis247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Pneumatostega potamia
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Rhytidosteidae : Pneumatostega : Pneumatostega potamia252.17 - 251.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Micropholis stowi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia : Amphibamidae : Micropholis : Micropholis stowi252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Permoxenopterum laticostum
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Orthoptera : Xenopteridae : Permoxenopterum : Permoxenopterum laticostum254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Streptichnus narbonnei
species
Streptichnus : Streptichnus narbonnei541 - 530 Ma
Cambrian
Mandelacrinus
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Periechocrinidae : Mandelacrinus407.6 - 387.7 Ma
Devonian
Phoenicopsis
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Czekanowskiaceae : Phoenicopsis201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Atherstonia
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Palaeoniscidae : Atherstonia265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Pteridopsida
class
Plantae : Pteridophyta : Pteridopsida237 - 136.4 Ma
Mesozoic
Vertebraria
genus
Plantae : Peltaspermophyta : Arberiopsida : Arberiales : Vertebraria254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Vertebraria indica
species
Plantae : Peltaspermophyta : Arberiopsida : Arberiales : Vertebraria : Vertebraria indica254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Alisporites
genus
Plantae : Alisporites254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Trematosuchus sobeyi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Trematosauridae : Trematosuchus : Trematosuchus sobeyi251.3 - 247.2 Ma
Early/Lower Triassic
Rhinesuchus whaitsi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Rhinesuchidae : Rhinesuchus : Rhinesuchus whaitsi265.1 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Rhinesuchoides capensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Rhinesuchidae : Rhinesuchoides : Rhinesuchoides capensis265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Laccosaurus watsoni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia : Rhinesuchidae : Laccosaurus : Laccosaurus watsoni259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Phelopteria caudigera
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pteriidae : Phelopteria : Phelopteria caudigera83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Sysphinctostoma smithi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Galesauridae : Sysphinctostoma : Sysphinctostoma smithi247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Choerosaurus dejageri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Lycideopsidae : Choerosaurus : Choerosaurus dejageri259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Tetracynodon tenuis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Lycideopidae : Tetracynodon : Tetracynodon tenuis259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Raniganjia
genus
Raniganjia272.3 - 251.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Phyllotheca
genus
Plantae : Pteridophyta : Phyllotheca259.9 - 251.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Myacyon kiptalami
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Myacyon : Myacyon kiptalami5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Triassaraneus andersonorum
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Arachnida : Araneae : Triassaraneus : Triassaraneus andersonorum237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Labrodon stromeri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Labriformes : Labridae : Labrodon : Labrodon stromeri5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Skolekichnus coprophagus
species
Animalia : Annelida : Skolekichnus : Skolekichnus coprophagus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Grallator mokanametsongensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Eubrontidae : Grallator (Eubrontes) : Grallator mokanametsongensis201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Grallator rapidus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Eubrontidae : Grallator (Eubrontes) : Grallator rapidus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Grallator digitigradus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Eubrontidae : Grallator (Eubrontes) : Grallator digitigradus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Masitisisauropus angustus
species
Masitisisauropus : Masitisisauropus angustus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Masitisisauropus exiguus
species
Masitisisauropus : Masitisisauropus exiguus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Anomoepus minutus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Moyenisauropodidae : Anomoepus : Anomoepus minutus201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Anomoepus turda
species
Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Moyenisauropodidae : Anomoepus : Anomoepus turda201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Anomoepus fringilla
species
Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Moyenisauropodidae : Anomoepus : Anomoepus fringilla201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Synaptichnium motutongense
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Synaptichniidae : Synaptichnium : Synaptichnium motutongense201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Batrachopus bakoenaorum
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Batrachopodidae : Batrachopus : Batrachopus bakoenaorum201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Malutitetrapodiscus saltator
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Malutitetrapodiscus : Malutitetrapodiscus saltator190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Malutitetrapodiscus tenuis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Malutitetrapodiscus : Malutitetrapodiscus tenuis190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Malutitetrapodiscus minimus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Malutitetrapodiscus : Malutitetrapodiscus minimus190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Chordasporites
genus
Chordasporites254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Protohaploxypinus
genus
Protohaploxypinus254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Striatopodocarpites
genus
Striatopodocarpites254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Muscites
genus
Plantae : Bryophyta : Bryopsida : Muscites237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Ginkgoites
genus
Plantae : Ginkgophyta : Ginkgoopsida : Ginkgoales : Ginkgoites237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Pseudoctenis
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Cycadopsida : Cycadales : Pseudoctenis251.3 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Dictyozamites
genus
Dictyozamites140.2 - 136.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Liomopterites ulterior
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Grylloblattodea : Liomopteridae : Liomopterites : Liomopterites ulterior254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Liomopterites meridionalis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Grylloblattodea : Liomopteridae : Liomopterites : Liomopterites meridionalis254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Normandienoptera serotina
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Grylloblattodea : Skaliciidae : Normandienoptera : Normandienoptera serotina254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Afrogrylloblattus disputabilis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Grylloblattodea : Skaliciidae : Afrogrylloblattus : Afrogrylloblattus disputabilis254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Pelagodiscus
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Lingulata : Lingulida : Discinidae : Pelagodiscus7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Schizoneura
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Equisetales : Schizoneura268.8 - 251.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Kraussina lata
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Kraussinidae : Kraussina : Kraussina lata7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Kraussina rotundata
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Kraussinidae : Kraussina : Kraussina rotundata7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Kraussina laevicostata
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Kraussinidae : Kraussina : Kraussina laevicostata7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Kraussina cuneata
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Kraussinidae : Kraussina : Kraussina cuneata7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Cancellothyris platys
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Cancellothyrididae : Cancellothyris : Cancellothyris platys7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Camponaxis ponderi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Allogastropoda : Tofanellidae : Camponaxis : Camponaxis ponderi86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pagiophyllum
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Araucariaceae : Pagiophyllum254.17 - 228 Ma
Phanerozoic
Aulacomya atra
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Aulacomya : Aulacomya atra2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Dinoplax gigas
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Polyplacophora : Neoloricata : Chaetopleuridae : Dinoplax : Dinoplax gigas2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Brachyprosopus broomi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Brachyprosopus : Brachyprosopus broomi265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Keyseria benjamini
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Cryptodontidae : Keyseria : Keyseria benjamini259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Dinanomodon gilli
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Dinanomodon : Dinanomodon gilli259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Anagaudryceras subtilineatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Gaudryceratidae : Anagaudryceras : Anagaudryceras subtilineatum86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gaudryceras (Gaudryceras) varicostatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Gaudryceratidae : Gaudryceras : Gaudryceras (Gaudryceras) varicostatum86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Aulacephalodon bainii
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Geikiidae : Aulacephalodon : Aulacephalodon bainii259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Damesites sugata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Desmoceratidae : Damesites : Damesites sugata85.8 - 83.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Paraburnetia sneeubergensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Burnetiidae : Paraburnetia : Paraburnetia sneeubergensis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Protocardia hillana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Protocardia : Protocardia hillana83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Cerdorhinus rubidgei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Cerdorhinus : Cerdorhinus rubidgei259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Kannemeyeria wilsoni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Kannemeyeria : Kannemeyeria wilsoni252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Pristerodon platyceps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pristerodon : Pristerodon platyceps259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Procynosuchus delaharpeae
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Procynosuchidae : Procynosuchus : Procynosuchus delaharpeae298.9 - 252.17 Ma
Paleozoic
Digalodon rubidgei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Digalodon : Digalodon rubidgei259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Pumiliopareia pricei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pumiliopareia : Pumiliopareia pricei259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Nanoparia luckhoffi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pareiasauridae : Nanoparia : Nanoparia luckhoffi259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Nochelesaurus alexanderi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Nochelesaurus : Nochelesaurus alexanderi265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Embrithosaurus schwarzi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pareiasauridae : Embrithosaurus : Embrithosaurus schwarzi265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Plesioselachus macracanthus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Plesioselachus : Plesioselachus macracanthus382.7 - 358.9 Ma
Late/Upper Devonian
Antarctilamna ultima
species
Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Antarctilamniformes : Antarctilamnidae : Antarctilamna : Antarctilamna ultima382.7 - 358.9 Ma
Late/Upper Devonian
Criocephalosaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Tapinocephalidae : Criocephalosaurus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Criocephalosaurus vanderbyli
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Tapinocephalidae : Criocephalosaurus : Criocephalosaurus vanderbyli265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Eucnemesaurus entaxonis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Eucnemesaurus : Eucnemesaurus entaxonis228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Tropidostoma dubium
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Oudenodontidae : Tropidostoma : Tropidostoma dubium265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Sintocephalus alticeps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Sintocephalus : Sintocephalus alticeps259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Rubidgea atrox
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Rubidgea : Rubidgea atrox259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Aelurognathus tigriceps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Aelurognathus : Aelurognathus tigriceps259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Lycaenops sollasi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Lycaenops : Lycaenops sollasi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Lycaenops minor
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Lycaenops : Lycaenops minor259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Smilesaurus ferox
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Smilesaurus : Smilesaurus ferox259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Clelandina rubidgei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Clelandina : Clelandina rubidgei259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Dinogorgon rubidgei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Dinogorgon : Dinogorgon rubidgei259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Sycosaurus laticeps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Sycosaurus : Sycosaurus laticeps259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Aelurosaurus whaitsi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Aelurosaurus : Aelurosaurus whaitsi272.3 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Gorgonops longifrons
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Gorgonops : Gorgonops longifrons259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Herpetoskylax hopsoni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Herpetoskylax : Herpetoskylax hopsoni259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Lycaenodon longiceps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Lycaenodon : Lycaenodon longiceps259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Ictidorhinus martinsi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Ictidorhinus : Ictidorhinus martinsi259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Hipposaurus brinki
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Ictidorhinidae : Hipposaurus : Hipposaurus brinki265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Robertia broomiana
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pylaecephalidae : Robertia : Robertia broomiana265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Pristerodon buffaloensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pristerodon : Pristerodon buffaloensis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Falcisporites
genus
Plantae : Falcisporites254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Falcisporites australis
species
Plantae : Falcisporites : Falcisporites australis254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Oudenodon grandis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Oudenodontidae : Oudenodon : Oudenodon grandis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Dicynodon hartzenbergi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Dicynodon : Dicynodon hartzenbergi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Sycodes capensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Ficidae : Sycodes : Sycodes capensis86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Rhachiocephalus magnus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Rhachiocephalidae : Rhachiocephalus : Rhachiocephalus magnus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Pelanomodon moschops
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Cryptodontidae : Pelanomodon : Pelanomodon moschops259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Afrocypraea chubbi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Afrocypraea : Afrocypraea chubbi86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Odontocyclops whaitsi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Geikiidae : Odontocyclops : Odontocyclops whaitsi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Kitchinganomodon crassus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Rhachiocephalidae : Kitchinganomodon : Kitchinganomodon crassus259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Aelurosaurus polyodon
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Aelurosaurus : Aelurosaurus polyodon259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Aelurosaurus wilmanae
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Aelurosaurus : Aelurosaurus wilmanae259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Aelurosaurus watermeyeri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Aelurosaurus : Aelurosaurus watermeyeri259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Aelurosaurus brevirostris
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Aelurosaurus : Aelurosaurus brevirostris259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Aloposaurus tenuis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Aloposaurus : Aloposaurus tenuis259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Arctognathus breviceps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Arctognathus : Arctognathus breviceps259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Arctognathus cookei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Arctognathus : Arctognathus cookei259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Klausipollenites
genus
Plantae : Klausipollenites254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Proburnetiinae
subfamily
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Burnetiidae : Proburnetiinae259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Arctops willistoni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Arctops : Arctops willistoni259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Arctops watsoni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Arctops : Arctops watsoni259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Arctops kitchingi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Arctops : Arctops kitchingi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Cyonosaurus longiceps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Cyonosaurus : Cyonosaurus longiceps259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Cyonosaurus rubidgei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Cyonosaurus : Cyonosaurus rubidgei259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Cyonosaurus kitchingi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Cyonosaurus : Cyonosaurus kitchingi259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Scylacognathus robustus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Eriphostoma : Scylacognathus robustus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Gorgonops eupachygnathus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Gorgonops : Gorgonops eupachygnathus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Leontocephalus rubidgei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Aelurognathus : Leontocephalus rubidgei259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Lycaenops ornatus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Lycaenops : Lycaenops ornatus259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Lycaenops angusticeps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Lycaenops : Lycaenops angusticeps259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Paragalerhinus rubidgei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Paragalerhinus : Paragalerhinus rubidgei259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Scylacognathus grimbeeki
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Eriphostoma : Scylacognathus grimbeeki259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Scylacops capensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Scylacops : Scylacops capensis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Scylacops bigendens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Scylacops : Scylacops bigendens259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Texanites (Texanites) soutoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Collignoniceratidae : Texanites : Texanites (Texanites) soutoni85.8 - 83.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Nanictocephalus richardi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Scaloposauridae : Nanictocephalus : Nanictocephalus richardi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Scaloposuchus rubidgei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Scaloposuchus : Scaloposuchus rubidgei259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Protacmon reubsameni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Diademodon : Protacmon reubsameni247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Sesamondontoides pauli
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Bauriidae : Sesamondontoides : Sesamondontoides pauli247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Sysphinctostoma gracilis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Galesauridae : Sysphinctostoma : Sysphinctostoma gracilis247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Polycynodon elegans
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Scaloposauridae : Polycynodon : Polycynodon elegans259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Ictidosuchops baurioides
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Ictidosuchidae : Ictidosuchops : Ictidosuchops baurioides259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Nanictidops kitchingi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Ictidosuchidae : Nanictidops : Nanictidops kitchingi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Promoschorhynchus platyrhinus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Akidnognathidae : Promoschorhynchus : Promoschorhynchus platyrhinus259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Theriognathus microps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Whaitsiidae : Theriognathus : Theriognathus microps259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Nanictosaurus kitchingi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Galesauridae : Nanictosaurus : Nanictosaurus kitchingi259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Palaeocypraea (Palaeocypraea) caffrarica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Palaeocypraea : Palaeocypraea (Palaeocypraea) caffrarica86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Emyduranus gracilis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pristerodontidae : Emyduranus : Emyduranus gracilis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Ictidochampsa platyceps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Whaitsiidae : Ictidochampsa : Ictidochampsa platyceps259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Pristerodon boonstrai
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pristerodon : Pristerodon boonstrai259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Pristerodon vanhoepeni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pristerodon : Pristerodon vanhoepeni259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Palemydops minor
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Emydopidae : Palemydops : Palemydops minor259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Palemydops rubidgeae
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Emydopidae : Palemydops : Palemydops rubidgeae259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Myosauroides minnaari
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Myosauroides : Myosauroides minnaari259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Cistecephaloides boonstrai
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Cistecephalidae : Cistecephaloides : Cistecephaloides boonstrai259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Diictodontoides skaios
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Robertiidae : Diictodontoides : Diictodontoides skaios259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Emydorhynchus formosus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pristerodontidae : Emydorhynchus : Emydorhynchus formosus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Pristerodon oudebergensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pristerodon : Pristerodon oudebergensis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Compsodon helmoedi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Compsodon : Compsodon helmoedi259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Eosimops newtoni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pylaecephalidae : Eosimops : Eosimops newtoni265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Scutellastra barbara
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Patellogastropoda : Patellidae : Scutellastra : Scutellastra barbara2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Ictidosuchops rubidgei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Ictidosuchidae : Ictidosuchops : Ictidosuchops rubidgei259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Menetus (Dilatata)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Basommatophora : Planorbidae : Menetus : Menetus (Dilatata)251.3 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Bulbasaurus phylloxyron
species
Animalia : Chordata : Cryptodontia : Bulbasaurus : Bulbasaurus phylloxyron259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Truncatulina
genus
Truncatulina100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Reisia rieki
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Triadotypidae : Reisia : Reisia rieki237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Anteosaurus magnificus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Anteosauridae : Anteosaurus : Anteosaurus magnificus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Homodontosaurus kitchingi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Homodontosaurus : Homodontosaurus kitchingi298.9 - 252.17 Ma
Paleozoic
Microwhaitsia mendrezi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Whaitsiidae : Microwhaitsia : Microwhaitsia mendrezi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Ophidostoma tatarinovi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Ophidostoma : Ophidostoma tatarinovi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Inoceramus expansus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Inoceramus : Inoceramus expansus86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Bairdia subdeltoidea
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Bairdiidae : Bairdia : Bairdia subdeltoidea100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Prosictodon dubei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pylaecephalidae : Prosictodon : Prosictodon dubei272.3 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Pentasaurus goggai
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Stahleckeriidae : Pentasaurus : Pentasaurus goggai228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Galeops whaitsi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Galeops : Galeops whaitsi265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Alopecorhinus parvidens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Alopecorhinus : Alopecorhinus parvidens265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Emydochampsa
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Emydochampsa259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Hofmeyria atavus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Hofmeyria : Hofmeyria atavus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Styracocephalus platyrhynchus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Tapinocephalidae : Styracocephalus : Styracocephalus platyrhynchus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Ptomalestes avidus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Ptomalestes : Ptomalestes avidus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Pristerosaurus microdon
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pristerognathidae : Pristerosaurus : Pristerosaurus microdon265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Therioides cyniscus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Therioides : Therioides cyniscus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Cynariognathus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Cynariognathus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Cynariognathus paucioridens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Cynariognathus : Cynariognathus paucioridens265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Pristerognathoides
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Pristerognathoides265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Pristerognathoides minor
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Pristerognathoides : Pristerognathoides minor265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Pristerognathoides roggeveldensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Pristerognathoides : Pristerognathoides roggeveldensis265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Pristerognathoides vanwyki
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Pristerognathoides : Pristerognathoides vanwyki265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Pristerognathoides parvus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Pristerognathoides : Pristerognathoides parvus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Maraisaurus parvus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pristerognathidae : Maraisaurus : Maraisaurus parvus265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Dinophoneus ingens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinophoneus : Dinophoneus ingens259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Jonkeria ingens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Titanosuchidae : Jonkeria : Jonkeria ingens290.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Leucocephalus wewersi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Burnetiidae : Leucocephalus : Leucocephalus wewersi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Afrothyra
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Varanopidae : Afrothyra265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Microvaranops parentis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Varanopidae : Microvaranops : Microvaranops parentis265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Namibchersus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Namibchersus23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Simatherium demissum
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Simatherium : Simatherium demissum11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Nyanzachoerus kanamensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Nyanzachoerus : Nyanzachoerus kanamensis11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Abdalodon diastematicus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Charassognathidae : Abdalodon : Abdalodon diastematicus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Ericiolacerta parva
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Ericiolacertidae : Ericiolacerta : Ericiolacerta parva252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Ictidosuchoides intermedius
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Ictidosuchidae : Ictidosuchops : Ictidosuchoides intermedius259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Ictidosuchoides longiceps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Ictidosuchidae : Ictidosuchops : Ictidosuchoides longiceps259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Ictidosuchoides rubidgei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Ictidosuchidae : Ictidosuchops : Ictidosuchoides rubidgei259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Aulacephalodon rubidgei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Geikiidae : Aulacephalodon : Aulacephalodon rubidgei259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Pelictosuchus paucidens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Scaloposauridae : Pelictosuchus : Pelictosuchus paucidens259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Platycyclops richardi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Platycyclops : Platycyclops richardi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Aulacephalodon cadlei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Geikiidae : Aulacephalodon : Aulacephalodon cadlei259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Cistecephalus platyceps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Cistecephalidae : Cistecephalus : Cistecephalus platyceps259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Ictidosuchops intermedius
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Ictidosuchidae : Ictidosuchops : Ictidosuchops intermedius259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Microhelodon eumerus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Bauriidae : Microhelodon : Microhelodon eumerus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Mirotenthes digitipes
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Mirotenthes : Mirotenthes digitipes259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Icticephalus polycynodon
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Scaloposauridae : Icticephalus : Icticephalus polycynodon259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Scaloporhinus angulorugatus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Scaloposauridae : Scaloporhinus : Scaloporhinus angulorugatus259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Notaelurodon kitchingi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Akidnognathidae : Notaelurodon : Notaelurodon kitchingi259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Cerdosuchus aulodon
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Akidnognathidae : Cerdosuchus : Cerdosuchus aulodon259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Akidnognathus parvus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Moschorhinidae : Akidnognathus : Akidnognathus parvus259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Blattoidealestes gracilis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Scaloposauridae : Blattoidealestes : Blattoidealestes gracilis265.1 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Dicynodontipus icelsi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Dicynodontipus : Dicynodontipus icelsi259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Paracalamites
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Equisetales : Paracalamites254.17 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Jonkeria truculenta
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Titanosuchidae : Jonkeria : Jonkeria truculenta265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Struthiocephalus whaitsi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Tapinocephalidae : Struthiocephalus : Struthiocephalus whaitsi265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Taurocephalus lerouxi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Tapinocephalidae : Taurocephalus : Taurocephalus lerouxi265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Trochosaurus major
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Lycosuchidae : Trochosaurus : Trochosaurus major265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Pristerognathus vanderbyli
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Pristerognathus : Pristerognathus vanderbyli265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Lycedops scholtzi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Lycedops : Lycedops scholtzi265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Phocosaurus megischion
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Tapinocephalidae : Phocosaurus : Phocosaurus megischion265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Moschops koupensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Tapinocephalidae : Moschops : Moschops koupensis265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Mormosaurus seeleyi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Tapinocephalidae : Mormosaurus : Mormosaurus seeleyi272.3 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Keratocephalus moloch
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Tapinocephalidae : Keratocephalus : Keratocephalus moloch265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Struthiocephaloides cavifrons
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Tapinocephalidae : Struthiocephaloides : Struthiocephaloides cavifrons265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Avenantia kruisvleiensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Tapinocephalidae : Avenantia : Avenantia kruisvleiensis265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Riebeeckosaurus longirostris
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Tapinocephalidae : Riebeeckosaurus : Riebeeckosaurus longirostris265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Trochosaurus intermedius
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Lycosuchidae : Trochosaurus : Trochosaurus intermedius265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Cerdodon tenuidens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Cerdodon : Cerdodon tenuidens272.3 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Jonkeria haughtoni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Titanosuchidae : Jonkeria : Jonkeria haughtoni265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Jonkeria koupensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Titanosuchidae : Jonkeria : Jonkeria koupensis265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Scymnosaurus major
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Scymnosaurus : Scymnosaurus major265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Jonkeria parva
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Titanosuchidae : Jonkeria : Jonkeria parva265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Jonkeria vanderbyli
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Titanosuchidae : Jonkeria : Jonkeria vanderbyli265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Alepognathus angustioriceps
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Alepognathus : Alepognathus angustioriceps265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Cynariognathus seeleyi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Cynariognathus : Cynariognathus seeleyi265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Trochorhinus vanhoepeni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Lycosuchidae : Trochorhinus : Trochorhinus vanhoepeni265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Cynariognathus gallowayi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Cynariognathus : Cynariognathus gallowayi265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Pristerognathus peyeri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Pristerognathus : Pristerognathus peyeri265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Alopecognathus megalops
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Alopecognathus : Alopecognathus megalops265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Moschops romeri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Tapinocephalidae : Moschops : Moschops romeri265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Anteosaurus major
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Anteosauridae : Anteosaurus : Anteosaurus major265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Walteria skinneri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Theriodontia : Walteria : Walteria skinneri265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Pristerognathinae
subfamily
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Pristerognathidae : Pristerognathinae272.3 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Reniformichnus katikatii
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Reniformichnus : Reniformichnus katikatii251.2 - 247.2 Ma
Early/Lower Triassic
Textularia gramen
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Textulariida : Textulariidae : Textularia : Textularia gramen100.5 - 2.588 Ma
Phanerozoic
Anomalina ammonoides
species
Foraminifera : Anomalinidae : Anomalina : Anomalina ammonoides100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Thliptosaurus imperforatus
species
Thliptosaurus : Thliptosaurus imperforatus259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Haplophragmium neocomianum
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Loftusiida : Haplophragmiidae : Haplophragmium : Haplophragmium neocomianum100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Kurtziana
genus
Plantae : Pteridospermophyta : Kurtziana237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Heidiphyllum
genus
Plantae : Pinophyta : Heidiphyllum237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Telemachus
genus
Plantae : Pinophyta : Telemachus237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Linguifolium
genus
Plantae : Ginkgophyta : Ginkgoopsida : Linguifolium237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Gontriglossa
genus
Plantae : Gnetophyta : Gnetopsida : Gontriglossa237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Rissikia
genus
Plantae : Pinophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Podocarpaceae : Rissikia237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Nodosaria vertebralis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Nodosariidae : Nodosaria : Nodosaria vertebralis100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Vetusodon elikhulu
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Vetusodon : Vetusodon elikhulu259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Fossil LocalitiesClick to show 453 fossil localities

Localities in this Region

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

Namibia
Somali PlateTectonic Plate
South Africa
Southern Africa

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