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Stilbite Subgroup
A group of related mineral species
This page kindly sponsored in memory of Laszlo Z. Valachi
About Stilbite Subgroup
Formula:
M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
M = Na, Ca or K
Lustre:
Vitreous, Pearly
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1797 by Jean-Claude de la Métherie from Greek στιλβη "stilbein", to glitter of shine, or "stilbe", a mirror, alluding to its pearly or vitreous luster. Originally, but inconsistently called zeolite in 1756 by Axel Cronstedt. Named crystalii ad centrum tendentes in 1758 by Cronstedt. In 1772, Johan Gottschalk Wallerius called this mineral zeolite selenitica lamellaris. Also in 1797, de la Métherie called this mineral zeolite nacrée. Werner (1780) called this mineral strehliger zeolith. René Just Haüy (1801) used the term stilbite anamorphique for a mineral now recognized as heulandite. Desmine was introduced in 1818 by Johann Friedrich August Breithaupt. Sphaerostilbite was used in 1832 by François Sulpice Beudant. Additional varietal names and synonyms have been proposed: blättricher zeolit, hypostilbite, puflerite, radiated zeolite, and syhedrite.
This name now refers to the zeolite subgroup including the Barrerite - Stilbite-Ca - Stilbite-Na - stellerite series.
The end members barrerite and stellerite are orthorhombic and the others monoclinic, but the differences are subtle and difficult to pick by XRD and so the species need to be confirmed by a reliable chemical analysis. Crystals of this group are usually also chemically zoned.
See also https://www.mindat.org/mesg-606826.html
Prehnite and the Heulandite subgroup may also show a similar habit.
The end members barrerite and stellerite are orthorhombic and the others monoclinic, but the differences are subtle and difficult to pick by XRD and so the species need to be confirmed by a reliable chemical analysis. Crystals of this group are usually also chemically zoned.
See also https://www.mindat.org/mesg-606826.html
Prehnite and the Heulandite subgroup may also show a similar habit.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3785
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3785:9
Classification of Stilbite Subgroup
16.10.21
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
10 : Aluminosilicates of Ca and alkalis
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
10 : Aluminosilicates of Ca and alkalis
Physical Properties of Stilbite Subgroup
Vitreous, Pearly
Chemistry of Stilbite Subgroup
Mindat Formula:
M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
M = Na, Ca or K
M = Na, Ca or K
Chemical Analysis
wt%
| 1 | |
|---|---|
| Al | 16.79 % |
| Si | 68.02 % |
| K | 1.62 % |
| Ca | 13.57 % |
| Total: | 100 % |
Sample references:
| ID | Locality | Reference | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Schwarzhorn, Binn, Goms, Valais, Switzerland | crystals up to 5mm within Quarzmatrix - EDX- / XRD-Analyzis |
Crystallographic forms of Stilbite Subgroup
Crystal Atlas:
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0004142 | Stellerite | Arletti R, Mazzucato E, Vezzalini G (2006) Influence of dehydration kinetics on T-O-T bridge breaking in zeolites with framework type STI: The case of stellerite American Mineralogist 91 628-634 | ![]() | 2006 | Seremida, Sardinia, Italy | 0 | 293 |
| 0004141 | Stellerite | Arletti R, Mazzucato E, Vezzalini G (2006) Influence of dehydration kinetics on T-O-T bridge breaking in zeolites with framework type STI: The case of stellerite American Mineralogist 91 628-634 | ![]() | 2006 | Seremida, Sardinia, Italy | 0 | 293 |
| 0004140 | Stellerite | Arletti R, Mazzucato E, Vezzalini G (2006) Influence of dehydration kinetics on T-O-T bridge breaking in zeolites with framework type STI: The case of stellerite American Mineralogist 91 628-634 | ![]() | 2006 | Seremida, Sardinia, Italy | 0 | 293 |
| 0014405 | Barrerite | Sacerdoti M, Sani A, Vezzalini G (1999) Structural refinement of two barrerites from Alaska Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 30 103-109 | 1999 | Kuiu Island, Alaska, USA | 0 | 293 | |
| 0014404 | Barrerite | Sacerdoti M, Sani A, Vezzalini G (1999) Structural refinement of two barrerites from Alaska Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 30 103-109 | 1999 | Kuiu Island, Alaska, USA | 0 | 293 | |
| 0012083 | Stellerite | Sacerdoti M, Gomedi I (1984) Crystal structural refinement of Ca-exchanged barrerite Bulletin de Mineralogie 107 799-804 | 1984 | Capo Pula, Sardegna, Italy | 0 | 293 | |
| 0004773 | Barrerite | Ori S, Mazzucato E, Vezzalini G (2009) Dehydration dynamics of barrerite: An in situ synchrotron XRPD study American Mineralogist 94 64-73 | ![]() | 2009 | Kuiu Island, Alaska | 0 | 339 |
| 0004774 | Barrerite | Ori S, Mazzucato E, Vezzalini G (2009) Dehydration dynamics of barrerite: An in situ synchrotron XRPD study American Mineralogist 94 64-73 | ![]() | 2009 | Kuiu Island, Alaska | 0 | 482 |
| 0004775 | Barrerite | Ori S, Mazzucato E, Vezzalini G (2009) Dehydration dynamics of barrerite: An in situ synchrotron XRPD study American Mineralogist 94 64-73 | ![]() | 2009 | Kuiu Island, Alaska | 0 | 637 |
| 0006490 | Stilbite-Ca | Akizuki M, Kudoh Y, Satoh Y (1993) Crystal structure of the orthorhombic {001} growth sector of stilbite European Journal of Mineralogy 5 839-843 | 1993 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0000894 | Stilbite-Na | Mortier W J (1983) Thermal stability of the stilbite-type framework: crystal structure of the dehydrated sodium/ammonium exchange form American Mineralogist 68 414-419 | ![]() | 1983 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0007338 | Stellerite | Alberti A, Rinaldi R, Vezzalini G (1978) Dynamics of dehydration in stilbite-type structures; stellerite phase B Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 2 365-375 | 1978 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0000201 | Stilbite-Na | Slaughter M (1970) Crystal structure of stilbite American Mineralogist 55 387-397 | ![]() | 1970 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0001919 | Stilbite-Ca | Cruciani G, Artioli G, Gualtieri A, Stahl K, Hanson J C (1997) Dehydration dynamics of stilbite using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction American Mineralogist 82 729-739 | ![]() | 1997 | 0 | 315 | |
| 0001920 | Stilbite-Ca | Cruciani G, Artioli G, Gualtieri A, Stahl K, Hanson J C (1997) Dehydration dynamics of stilbite using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction American Mineralogist 82 729-739 | ![]() | 1997 | 0 | 416 | |
| 0001921 | Stilbite-Ca | Cruciani G, Artioli G, Gualtieri A, Stahl K, Hanson J C (1997) Dehydration dynamics of stilbite using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction American Mineralogist 82 729-739 | ![]() | 1997 | 0 | 441 | |
| 0001922 | Stilbite-Ca | Cruciani G, Artioli G, Gualtieri A, Stahl K, Hanson J C (1997) Dehydration dynamics of stilbite using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction American Mineralogist 82 729-739 | ![]() | 1997 | 0 | 521 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
Synonyms of Stilbite Subgroup
Other Language Names for Stilbite Subgroup
Relationship of Stilbite Subgroup to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Zeolite Group:
| Alflarsenite | NaCa2Be3Si4O13(OH) · 2H2O | Mon. 2 : P21 |
| Amicite | K2Na2Al4Si4O16 · 5H2O | Mon. 2 |
| Ammonioleucite | (NH4)(AlSi2O6) | Tet. 4/m : I41/a |
| Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Arzamastsevite | K6Al5Si6O20(OH)4Cl | Tet. 42m : I42m |
| Bellbergite | (K,Ba,Sr)2Sr2Ca2(Ca,Na)4[Al3Si3O12]6 · 30H2O | Hex. |
| Bikitaite | LiAlSi2O6 · H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Boggsite | Ca8Na3(Si,Al)96O192 · 70H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Imma |
| Brewsterite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
| Chabazite-Levyne Subgroup | M[Al2Si4O12] · 6H2O | |
| Chiavennite | CaMnBe2Si5O13(OH)2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/c |
| Clinoptilolite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O | |
| Cowlesite | CaAl2Si3O10 · 6H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) |
| Dachiardite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
| Direnzoite | NaK6MgCa2(Al13Si47O120) · 36H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pmmn |
| Edingtonite | Ba[Al2Si3O10] · 4H2O | Orth. 222 : P212121 |
| Epistilbite | CaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O | Mon. |
| Erionite Subgroup | M2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O | |
| Fabrièsite | Na3Al3Si3O12 · 2H2O | Orth. mm2 : Pmm2 |
| Faujasite Subgroup | M3.5[Al7Si17O48] · 32H2O | |
| Ferrierite Subgroup | Name used for unanalysed specimens that could be either ferrierite-K, ferrierite-Mg, ... | |
| Ferrochiavennite | Ca1-2Fe[(Si,Al,Be)5Be2O13(OH)2] · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/c |
| Flörkeite | (K3Ca2Na)[Al8Si8O32] · 12H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Garronite Subgroup | ||
| Gaultite | Na4Zn2Si7O18 · 5H2O | Orth. mm2 : Fdd2 |
| Gismondine Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
| Gmelinite Subgroup | In 1997, gmelinite was split into Gmelinite-Ca, Gmelinite-Na and Gmelinite-K. | |
| Gobbinsite | Na5(Si11Al5)O32 · 11H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma |
| Goosecreekite | Ca[Al2Si6O16] · 5H2O | Mon. 2 : P21 |
| Gottardiite | Na3Mg3Ca5Al19Si117O272 · 93H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmca |
| Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O | |
| Hsianghualite | Ca3Li2(Be3Si3O12)F2 | Iso. 23 : I213 |
| Kalborsite | K6Al4BSi6O20(OH)4Cl | Tet. 42m : P421c |
| Kirchhoffite | Cs(BSi2O6) | Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I41/acd |
| Laumontite | CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Leucite | K(AlSi2O6) | Tet. 4/m : I41/a |
| Limousinite | BaCa[Be4P4O16] · 6H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/c |
| Lithosite | K6Al4Si8O25 · 2H2O | Mon. |
| Loomisite | Ba[Be2P2O8] · H2O | Mon. m |
| Lovdarite | K2Na6Be4Si14O36 · 9H2O | Orth. mm2 |
| Maricopaite | Pb7Ca2(Si,Al)48O100 · 32H2O | Orth. |
| Martinandresite | Ba2(Al4Si12O32) · 10H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pmmn |
| Mazzite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
| Meierite | Ba44Si66Al30O192Cl25(OH)33 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Im3m |
| Merlinoite | K5Ca2(Si23Al9)O64 · 24H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Immm |
| Montesommaite | (K,Na)9Al9Si23O64 · 10H2O | Orth. mm2 : Fdd2 |
| Mordenite | (Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O | Orth. |
| Mountainite | KNa2Ca2[Si8O19(OH)] · 6H2O | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
| Mutinaite | Na3Ca4Si85Al11O192 · 60H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma |
| Nabesite | Na2BeSi4O10 · 4H2O | Orth. 222 : P212121 |
| Natrolite Subgroup | A subgroup of the Zeolite Group. | |
| Offretite | KCaMg(Si13Al5)O36 · 15H2O | Hex. 6m2 : P6m2 |
| Pahasapaite | Li8(Ca,Li,K)10.5Be24(PO4)24 · 38H2O | Iso. 23 : I23 |
| Parthéite | Ca2(Si4Al4) O15 (OH)2 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Paulingite Subgroup | Paulingite was originally described in 1960. | |
| Perlialite | K9Na(Ca,Sr)[Al2Si4O12]6 · 15H2O | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mmm |
| Phillipsite Subgroup | (Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O | |
| Pollucite | (Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
| Roggianite | Ca2Be(OH)2Al2Si4O13 · 2.5H2O | Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mcm |
| Rongibbsite | Pb2(Si4Al)O11(OH) | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Terranovaite | (Na,Ca)8(Si68Al12)O160 · 29H2O | Orth. |
| Thomsonite Subgroup | The large majority of "thomsonite" is thomsonite-Ca. | |
| Thornasite | Na12Th4+3(Si8O19)4 · 18H2O | Trig. 3m : R3m |
| Tschernichite | (Ca,Na2)[Al2Si4O12] · 4-8H2O | Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/mmm |
| Tschörtnerite | Ca4(Ca,Sr,K,Ba)3Cu3[Al3Si3O12]4(OH)8 · nH2O | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m |
| 'UM1996-38-SiO:AlCaHNa' | Na-Ca-Al-Si-O-H | |
| 'UM1999-33-SiO:AlHKNa' | K7Na5Al12Si20O64 · 24H2O | |
| 'UM2002-40-SiO:AlCaHKMgNa' | (Mg,Ca,Na,K)7.5(Al12.8Si51.2)O128 · 65H2O | Tet. 422 : P4122 |
| 'Unnamed (Ca analogue of Merlinoite)' | (Ca,K,Na)5(Ca,Ba)2Al9Si23O64 · 23H2O ? | |
| Wairakite | Ca(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Weinebeneite | CaBe3(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O | Mon. m : Bb |
| Wenkite | (Ba,K)4(Ca,Na)6[(Si,Al)20O39(OH)2](SO4)3 · 0.5H2O | Hex. 6m2 : P62m |
| Wilancookite | (Ba5Li2◻)Ba6Be24P24O96 · 26H2O | Iso. 23 : I23 |
| Willhendersonite | KCa[Al3Si3O12] · 5H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Yugawaralite | CaAl2Si6O16 · 4H2O | Mon. m : Pb |
Stilbite Subgroup Members:
| Barrerite | Na2(Si7Al2)O18 · 6H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) |
| Stellerite | Ca4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Fmmm |
| Stilbite-Ca | NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Stilbite-Na | Na9(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Stilbite Subgroup
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3785.html
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References for Stilbite Subgroup
Reference List:
Haüy, René Just (1796) Extrait du Traité Élémentaire de Minéralogie que le C.en Haüy s'occupe de rédiger. Journal des mines, 5 (28). 249-334
Pabst, Adolf (1939) The relation of stellerite and epidesmine to stilbite. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 25 (164) 271-276 doi:10.1180/minmag.1939.025.164.06
Liou, J. G. (1971) Stilbite-laumontite equilibrium. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 31 (3) 171-177 doi:10.1007/bf00399649
Passaglia, Elio, Galli, Ermanno, Leoni, Leonardo, Rossi, Giuseppe (1978) The crystal chemistry of stilbites and stellerites. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 101 (3) 368-375 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1978.7200
Akizuki, Mizuhiko, Konno, Hiroshi (1985) Order-disorder structure and the internal texture of stilbite. American Mineralogist, 70 (7-8) 814-821
Cruciani, Giuseppe, Artioli, Gilberto, Gualtieri, Alessandro, Stahl, Kenny, Hanson, Jonathan C. (1997) Dehydration dynamics of stilbite using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. American Mineralogist, 82 (7) 729-739 doi:10.2138/am-1997-7-810
Coombs, Douglas S., Alberti, Alberto, Armbruster, Thomas, Artioli, Gilberto, Colella, Carmine, Galli, Ermanno, Grice, Joel D., Liebau, Friedrich, Mandarino, Joseph A., Minato, Hideo, et al. (1997) Recommended nomenclature for zeolite minerals; report of the Subcommittee on Zeolites of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names. The Canadian Mineralogist, 35 (6). 1571-1606
Coombs, Douglas S., Alberti, Alberto, Armbruster, Thomas, Artioli, Gilberto, Colella, Carmine, Galli, Ermanno, Grice, Joel D., Liebau, Friedrich, Mandarino, Joseph A., Minato, Hideo, Nickel, Ernest H., Passaglia, Elio, Peacor, Donald R., Quartieri, Simona, Rinaldi, Romano, Ross, Malcolm, Sheppard, Richard A., Tillmanns, Ekkehart, Vezzalini, Giovanna (1998) Recommended nomenclature for zeolite minerals: report of the subcommittee on zeolites of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names. Mineralogical Magazine, 62 (4) 533-571 doi:10.1180/002646198547800
Localities for Stilbite Subgroup
Showing 2,614 localities.
Locality List
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Grua Tunnel, Grua, Lunner, Akershus, Norway