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Senarmontite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About SenarmontiteHide

06501340017271926607583.jpg
Henri H. de Sénarmont
Formula:
Sb2O3
Colour:
Colourless to gray
Lustre:
Sub-Adamantine, Resinous
Hardness:
2 - 2½
Specific Gravity:
5.5
Crystal System:
Isometric
Name:
Named by J.D. Dana in 1851 in honor of Henri Hureau de Sénarmont (6 September 1808, Broué, France – 30 June 1862, Paris, France), Professor of Mineralogy, School of Mines, Paris, who first described the species. De Sénarmont also made significant contributions to the study of polarization and demonstrating the anisotropy of heat diffusion in a crystal.
Dimorph of:
Isostructural with:
This page provides mineralogical data about Senarmontite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
3618
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3618:0

IMA Classification of SenarmontiteHide

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Sb3+2O3
First published:
1851

Classification of SenarmontiteHide

4.CB.50

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
C : Metal: Oxygen = 2: 3,3: 5, and similar
B : With medium-sized cations
4.3.9.2

4 : SIMPLE OXIDES
3 : A2X3
7.13.3

7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
13 : Oxides of As, Sb and Bi

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
SenIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
SenThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of SenarmontiteHide

Sub-Adamantine, Resinous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Colourless to gray
Streak:
White
Hardness:
2 - 2½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Poor/Indistinct
{111} in traces.
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
5.5 g/cm3 (Measured)    5.584 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of SenarmontiteHide

Type:
Isotropic
RI values:
n = 2.087
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).

This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral colouration.
In focus
Anisotropism:
Strong anomalous anisotropism, sectored or zoned.

Chemistry of SenarmontiteHide

Mindat Formula:
Sb2O3
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Sb83.535 %
O16.465 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Sb
O

Crystallography of SenarmontiteHide

Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
m3m(4/m32/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:
Fd3m
Cell Parameters:
a = 11.1519(2) Å
Unit Cell V:
1,386.90 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
16
Morphology:
Octahedral crystals, modified by cube and dodecahedron.
Comment:
On synthetic material

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0015530SenarmontiteZav'yalova A A, Imamov R M (1975) About the structure of the cubic modification of Sb2O3 Soviet Journal of Coordination Chemistry 1 1186-11881975synthetic0293
0009536SenarmontiteSvensson C (1975) Refinement of the crystal structure of cubic antiomony trioxide, Sb2O3 Acta Crystallographica B31 2016-20181975synthetic0293
0014075SenarmontiteBozorth R M (1923) The crystal structures of the cubic forms of arsenious and antimonous oxides Journal of the American Chemical Society 45 1621-16271923Mt. Hamimat, Algeria0293
0012430SenarmontiteWhitten A E, Dittrich B, Spackman M A, Turner P, Brown T C (2004) Charge density analysis of two polymorphs of antimony(III) oxide Dalton Transactions 2004 23-2920040293
0010494SenarmontiteDehlinger U (1927) Uber die kristallstruktur der antimonoxyde Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 66 108-11919270293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Loading XRD data...
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
6.44 Å(12)
3.218 Å(100)
2.788 Å(40)
2.559 Å(11)
1.972 Å(42)
1.681 Å(35)
1.279 Å(12)
Comments:
Synthetic.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Type Occurrence of SenarmontiteHide

General Appearance of Type Material:
Cavernous masses composed of capillary filaments, parallel or slightly divergent. Also in saccharoid masses, granular or compact, with cavities of octahedral crystals to 1 cm.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
No designated type material.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Oxidation zone of an antimony deposit.

Synonyms of SenarmontiteHide

Other Language Names for SenarmontiteHide

Simplified Chinese:方锑矿
Spanish:Senarmontita
Traditional Chinese:方銻礦

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
72 photos of Senarmontite associated with StibniteSb2S3
57 photos of Senarmontite associated with ValentiniteSb2O3
37 photos of Senarmontite associated with KermesiteSb2S2O
18 photos of Senarmontite associated with StibiconiteSb3+Sb5+2O6(OH)
15 photos of Senarmontite associated with Native AntimonySb
12 photos of Senarmontite associated with Native SulphurS8
10 photos of Senarmontite associated with QuartzSiO2
10 photos of Senarmontite associated with BaryteBaSO4
7 photos of Senarmontite associated with MetastibniteSb2S3
6 photos of Senarmontite associated with CelestineSrSO4

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

4.CB.Magnesiohögbomite-6N12SMg5Al11TiO23(OH)Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
4.CB.KidoditeBaMg2Fe16O27Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
4.CB.Ferrohögbomite-2N2S[(Fe2+,Mg,Zn,Al)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]2Hex. 6mm : P63mc
4.CB.Zhenruite(MoO3)2 · H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
4.CB.FuyuaniteMg7Nb6O18(OH)8Trig. 3 : P3
4.CB.VirgilluethiteMoO3 · H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
4.CB.Pengite(Pb8Sb3+3)Σ11Sb5+9O35Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
4.CB.05BrizziiteNaSb5+O3Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05TistariteTi3+2O3Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3c
4.CB.05HematiteFe2O3Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3c
4.CB.05EcandrewsiteZnTiO3Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05MelanostibiteMn2+2Fe3+Sb5+O6Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05'UM1998-11-O-AuHSb'Au+2Sb3+O2(OH)
4.CB.05KarelianiteV3+2O3Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3c
4.CB.05CorundumAl2O3Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3c
4.CB.05EskolaiteCr2O3Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3c
4.CB.05GeikieliteMgTiO3Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05AkimotoiteMgSiO3Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05'Unnamed (Fe-Cr Oxide)'FeCrO3Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05'Auroantimonate'AuSbO3
4.CB.05HemleyiteFe2+SiO3Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05IlmeniteFe2+TiO3Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05PyrophaniteMn2+TiO3Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.10Bixbyite-(Fe)(Fe,Mn)2O3Iso.
4.CB.10Bixbyite-(Mn)Mn3+2O3Iso. m3(2/m3) : Ia3
4.CB.10AvicenniteTl3+2O3Iso. m3(2/m3) : Ia3
4.CB.15ArmalcoliteMgTi4+2O5Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
4.CB.15FerropseudobrookiteFe2+Ti4+2O5Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm
4.CB.15GriffiniteAl2Ti4+O5Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm
4.CB.15Pseudobrookite Group
4.CB.15SassiteTi3+2Ti4+O5Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm
4.CB.15PseudobrookiteFe3+2Ti4+O5Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm
4.CB.20Zincovelesite-6N6SZn3(Fe3+,Mn3+,Al,Ti)8O15(OH)Trig. 3m(32/m) : P3m1
4.CB.20Magnesiohögbomite-2N4S(Mg8.43Fe2+1.57)Σ=10Al22Ti4+2O46(OH)2Hex. 6mm : P63mc
4.CB.20Magnesiobeltrandoite-2N3S(Mg6Al2)(Al18Fe3+2)O38(OH)2 Trig. 3m : P3m1
4.CB.20Zincohögbomite-2N6S[(Zn,Mg)7(Al,Fe3+,Ti)16O31(OH)]2Hex. 6mm : P63mc
4.CB.20Magnesiohögbomite-6N6S[(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]6Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
4.CB.20Magnesiohögbomite-2N3S[(Mg,Fe2+,Zn)4(Al,Ti,Fe3+)10O19(OH)]2Trig. 3m(32/m) : P31m
4.CB.20Magnesiohögbomite-2N2S[(Mg,Fe2+)3[Al7(Ti,Fe3+)]O15(OH)]2Hex. 6mm : P63mc
4.CB.20'Ferrohögbomite-6N12S'[(Fe2+,Mg,Zn)5(Al,Ti,Fe3+)12O23(OH)]6Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
4.CB.20Zincohögbomite-2N2S[(Zn,Al,Fe2+)3(Al,Fe3+,Ti)8O15(OH)]2Hex. 6mm : P63mc
4.CB.25KleberiteFeTi6O11(OH)5Mon. 2/m : P21/c
4.CB.25PseudorutileFe3+2Ti4+3O9Hex. 622 : P6322
4.CB.30OxyvaniteV3+2V4+O5Mon. 2/m : B2/b
4.CB.30BerdesinskiiteV3+2TiO5Mon.
4.CB.30KaitianiteTi3+2Ti4+O5Mon. 2/m : B2/b
4.CB.35MachiiteAl2Ti3O9Mon. 2/m : B2/b
4.CB.35Vestaite(Ti4+Fe2+)Ti4+3O9Mon. 2/m : B2/b
4.CB.35Olkhonskite(Cr,V)2Ti3O9Mon.
4.CB.35SchreyeriteV3+2Ti4+3O9Mon. 2/m : B2/b
4.CB.40Zincorinmanite-(Zn)Zn2Sb2(Fe3+4Zn2)O14(OH)2Hex. 6mm : P63mc
4.CB.40MajindeiteMg2Mo3O8Hex. 6mm : P63mc
4.CB.40AlmagreraiteCuZnMn4+3O8Orth. mm2 : Pmn21
4.CB.40KamiokiteFe2Mo3O8Hex. 6mm : P63mc
4.CB.40NolaniteV3+8Fe3+2O14(OH)2Hex. 6mm : P63mc
4.CB.40IseiteMn2Mo3O8Hex. 6mm : P63mc
4.CB.40RinmaniteZn2Sb2Mg2Fe4O14(OH)2Hex. 6 : P63
4.CB.45StibioclaudetiteAsSbO3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
4.CB.45