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Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China i
Regional Level Types
Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite") Outcrop
Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.) County
Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture) Prefecture
Tibet Autonomous Region
China Country

Regional Level Types
Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite")	Outcrop
Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.)	County
Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture)	Prefecture
Tibet	Autonomous Region
China	Country

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Scenery on the mountain

Luobusha ophiolite, Qusum Co., Shannan Prefecture, Tibet, China

View of the mine entrance

Luobusha ophiolite, Qusum Co., Shannan Prefecture, Tibet, China

Serpentine Subgroup

Luobusha ophiolite, Qusum Co., Shannan Prefecture, Tibet, China

Scenery on the mountain

Luobusha ophiolite, Qusum Co., Shannan Prefecture, Tibet, China

View of the mine entrance

Luobusha ophiolite, Qusum Co., Shannan Prefecture, Tibet, China

Serpentine Subgroup

Luobusha ophiolite, Qusum Co., Shannan Prefecture, Tibet, China

Scenery on the mountain

Luobusha ophiolite, Qusum Co., Shannan Prefecture, Tibet, China

View of the mine entrance

Luobusha ophiolite, Qusum Co., Shannan Prefecture, Tibet, China

Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):

29° 10' 58'' North , 92° 17' 48'' East

Latitude & Longitude (decimal):

Type:

Köppen climate type:

Mindat Locality ID:

5457

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:2:5457:0

GUID (UUID V4):

Name(s) in local language(s):

罗布莎蛇绿岩, 曲松县 (ཆུ་གསུམ་རྫོང་), 山南地区 (ལྷོ་ཁ་ས་ཁུལ་), 西藏自治区, 中国

The Luobusha ophiolite is situated along the Luobusha fault zone, also known as Yarlung Zangbo (or, Brahmaputra) suture zone. It consists mainly of mantle peridotite and dunite, overlying a mélange zone composed of pillow lavas, gabbros, pyroxenites and cherts in a serpentinite matrix. To the south, it is separated from Triassic flysch by a steep reverse fault; to the north, it is thrust over the Tertiary Luobusha Formation and Gangdese granitic batholith.

The ophiolite extends 42 km in an east-west direction, a width of ~1–3 km as well as a geophysically constrained thickness of ~2–3 km and has an outcrop area of approximately 70 km2. Podiform chromitite ores, included in a dunite-harzburgite assemblage, occur discontinuously in a band in the upper mantle peridotites. These are, from east to west, the Kangjinla, Xiangkashan and Luobusha deposits. The chromitites display massive, disseminated, brecciated and nodular textures, and are believed to have formed by precipitation from boninitic melts interacting with the host peridotites. These chromitites have an unusual mineral assemblage, including ultra-high pressure (UHP) minerals such as diamond and moissanite (SiC), as well as a number of highly reduced phases such as graphite, native chromium, iron, nickel, gold, copper, and silicon identified by electron microprobe and X-ray diffraction studies. Some phases seem to have formed at the core/mantle boundary. Among the unusual phases found are alloys (Fe/Si-phases, Ni/Fe-phases, Fe/Cr-phases, Ir/Fe-phases, W/Co-phases, Cr/C-phases, Ti/N-phases, Si/Ca-phases, Si/C-phases, etc.), as well as numerous new oxides, sulphides and arsenides. Approximately, 5 million tons of chromite ore is estimated to be present in the entirety of the Luobusha ophiolite.

The ophiolitic sequence comprises dominantly mantle peridotites, with subordinate dunite pods, layered cumulates, massive gabbroic bodies, and basaltic flows. Chromitite lenses are typically hosted within serpentinized dunite envelopes embedded in harzburgite, displaying diverse textures such as disseminated, banded, nodular, and massive types. The Luobusa ophiolite is estimated to contain approximately ∼ 7 million tons of chromitite resources.

NOTE: "Luobusa" is a misnomer used in early publications on the ophiolite (see http://www.mindat.org/mesg-7-247373.html ). The Chinese name, 罗布莎, transliterates to "Luo-Bu-Sha".

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.

ⓘ Chromium

Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

ⓘ Alabandite

ⓘ Almandine

ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'

ⓘ Badengzhuite (TL)

ⓘ 'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)'

ⓘ Chromite

ⓘ Clinochlore

ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'

ⓘ var. Chromium-bearing Diopside

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

ⓘ Jingsuiite (TL)

ⓘ Kangjinlaite (TL)

ⓘ Luobusaite (TL)

ⓘ Maurogemmiite (TL)

ⓘ Native Titanium (TL)

ⓘ 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'

ⓘ Osbornite

ⓘ Paulrobinsonite (TL)

ⓘ Qingsongite (TL)

ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup'

ⓘ Tennantite-(Ni) (TL)

ⓘ Tetrahedrite-(Ni) (TL)

ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'

ⓘ Tianhongqiite (TL)

ⓘ Titanite

ⓘ Troilite

ⓘ 'UM1999-02-As:NiRh'

ⓘ 'UM2000-07-E:CrFeNi'

ⓘ 'UM2000-08-E:CrFeNi'

ⓘ 'UM2000-09-E:CuFeNiPtRh'

ⓘ 'UM2000-14-E:FeIrNi'

ⓘ 'UM2000-15-E:FeIrNi'

ⓘ 'UM2000-16-E:FeIrNi'

ⓘ 'UM2000-17-E:FeIrNi'

ⓘ 'UM2000-18-E:FeIrNiOs'

ⓘ 'UM2000-19-E:FeNiPtRh'

ⓘ 'UM2000-60-Si:Fe'

ⓘ 'UM2007-01-As:CuPd'

ⓘ 'UM2007-02-As:NiPd'

ⓘ 'UM2007-03-As:NiRh'

ⓘ 'UM2007-04-As:Pd'

ⓘ 'UM2007-05-As:PdTe'

ⓘ 'UM2007-06-As:Rh'

ⓘ 'UM2007-16-N:Ti'

ⓘ 'UM2007-21-S:AsIrRh'

ⓘ 'UM2007-22-S:AsRu'

ⓘ 'UM2007-26-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh'

ⓘ 'UM2007-27-S:CuFeIrNiRh'

ⓘ 'UM2007-28-S:CuFeIrNi'

ⓘ 'UM2007-29-S:CuFeIrNi'

ⓘ 'UM2007-30-S:Fe'

ⓘ 'UM2007-31-S:Ti'

ⓘ 'UM2007-33-Se:CuRhS'

ⓘ 'UM2007-42-Te:AsPd'

ⓘ 'UM2007-43-Te:Pd'

ⓘ 'UM2009-33-SiO:AlKMgTi'

ⓘ Uvarovite

ⓘ Vaesite

ⓘ Wangxibinite (TL)

ⓘ Wenjiite (TL)

ⓘ Wodegongjieite (TL)

ⓘ Wollastonite

ⓘ Wüstite

ⓘ Yarlongite (TL)

110 valid minerals. 21 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Alabandite

Formula: MnS

References:

Bai, W., Tao, S., Yang, J., Fang, Q., Shi, N., Li, G. (2007): A mineral assemblage of sulfides and sulfo-arsenides from the ophiolite mantle in Tibet. Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica: 26(5): 418-428

ⓘ Almandine

Formula: Fe²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'

Formula: AB₂C₅(T₈O₂₂)W₂

Locality: Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

References:

Borriello, Roberto, Xiong, Fahui, Ma, Chi, Lorenzon, Sofia, Mugnaioli, Enrico, Yang, Jingsui, Xu, Xiangzhen, Grew, Edward S. (2025) Jianmuite, ZrTi4+Ti3+5Al3O16, a new mineral from the Allende meteorite and from chromitite near Kangjinla, Tibet, China. American Mineralogist, 110 (4). 630-642 doi:10.2138/am-2024-9362

ⓘ Andalusite

Formula: Al₂(SiO₄)O

References:

Pujol-Solà, Núria; Domínguez-Carretero, Diego; Proenza, Joaquín A.; Haissen, Faouziya; Ikenne, Moha; González-Jiménez, José María; Colás, Vanessa; Maacha, Lhou; Garcia-Casco, Antonio (2021) The chromitites of the Neoproterozoic Bou Azzer ophiolite (central Anti-Atlas, Morocco) revisited. Ore Geology Reviews, 134. doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2021.104166

ⓘ Annabergite

Formula: Ni₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O

References:

Wang, Yanjuan; Chen, Rujun; Gu, Xiangping; Nestola, Fabrizio; Hou, Zengqian; Yang, Zhusen; Dong, Guochen; Guo, Hu; Qu, Kai (2023) Tetrahedrite-(Ni), Cu6(Cu4Ni2)Sb4S13, the first nickel member of tetrahedrite group mineral from Luobusa chromite deposits, Tibet, China. American Mineralogist, 108 (10). p.1984-1992. doi:10.2138/am-2022-8761

ⓘ Antigorite

Formula: Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄

References:

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃A

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Arsenopyrite

Formula: FeAsS

References:

www.ngu.no (n.d.) http://www.ngu.no/FileArchive/165/2003_055.pdf

ⓘ Awaruite

Formula: Ni₃Fe

References:

Bai, W., Robinson, P. T., Fang, Q., Yang, J., Yan, B., Zhang, Z., Hu, X.-F., Zhou, M.-F., Malpas, J. (2000) The PGE and base-metal alloys in the podiform chromitites of the Luobusa ophiolite, southern Tibet. The Canadian Mineralogist, 38 (3). 585-598 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.38.3.585

ⓘ Badengzhuite (TL)

Formula: TiP

Type Locality:

References:

Miyawaki, Ritsuro, Hatert, Frédéric, Pasero, Marco, Mills, Stuart J. (2020) IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) - Newsletter 52. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 1-11 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-1-2020

Mugnaioli, Enrico, Xiong, Fahui, Xu, Xiangzhen, Gemmi, Mauro, Wirth, Richard, Yang, Jingsui, Grew, Edward S. (2022) Wodegongjieite, ideally KCa₃(Al₇Si₉)O₃₂, a new sheet silicate isostructural with the feldspar polymorph kokchetavite, KAlSi₃O₈. Mineralogical Magazine, 86 (6) 975-987 doi:10.1180/mgm.2022.107

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

Guo, Wei, He, Huaiyu, Li, Youjuan, Bai, Xiujuan, Su, Fei, Liu, Yan, Zhu, Rixiang (2018) Timing of Secondary Hydrothermal Alteration of the Luobusa Chromitites Constrained by Ar/Ar Dating of Chrome Chlorites. Minerals, 8 (6) 230 doi:10.3390/min8060230

ⓘ Cassiterite

Formula: SnO₂

Locality: Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

References:

Xu, Xiangzhen; Yang, Jingsui; Chen, Songyong; Fang, Qingsong; Bai, Wenji; Ba, Dengzhu (2009) Unusual mantle mineral group from chromitite orebody Cr-11 in Luobusa ophiolite of Yarlung-Zangbo suture zone, Tibet. Journal of Earth Science, 20 (2). 284-302 doi:10.1007/s12583-009-0026-z

ⓘ Celestine

Formula: SrSO₄

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Chalcostibite

Formula: CuSbS₂

References:

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

Localities:

Luobusha Mine ("Luobusa" Mine), Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ 'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)'

References:

ⓘ Chromite

Formula: Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂O₄

Localities:

Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Xiangkashan Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Luobusha Mine ("Luobusa" Mine), Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ Clinochlore

Formula: Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈

References:

ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'

Locality: Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

References:

Xiong, Qing; Dai, Hong-Kun; Zheng, Jian-Ping; Griffin, William L.; Zheng, Hong-Da; Wang, Li; Reilly, Suzanne Y. O’ (2022) Vertical depletion of ophiolitic mantle reflects melt focusing and interaction in sub-spreading-center asthenosphere. Nature Communications, 13 (1). 6956 doi:10.1038/s41467-022-34781-w

ⓘ Coesite

Formula: SiO₂

Localities:

Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Orebody 31 (Chromite deposit 31), Luobusha Mine ("Luobusa" Mine), Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ Corundum

Formula: Al₂O₃

Localities:

Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ Diamond

Formula: C

Localities:

Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ Diopside

Formula: CaMgSi₂O₆

Localities:

ⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing Diopside

Formula: Ca(Mg,Cr)Si₂O₆

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Dmisteinbergite

Formula: Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)

Locality: Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

References:

ⓘ Dolomite

Formula: CaMg(CO₃)₂

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Enstatite

Formula: Mg₂Si₂O₆

References:

ZHOU, MEI-FU, ROBINSON, PAUL T., MALPAS, JOHN, LI, ZIJIN (1996) Podiform Chromitites in the Luobusa Ophiolite (Southern Tibet): Implications for Melt-Rock Interaction and Chromite Segregation in the Upper Mantle. Journal of Petrology, 37 (1) 3-21 doi:10.1093/petrology/37.1.3

ⓘ Erlichmanite

Formula: OsS₂

References:

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

References:

ⓘ Forsterite

Formula: Mg₂(SiO₄)

References:

Bai, W.J., Fang, Q.S., Zhang, Z.M., et al. (2001) Crystal structure of forsterite from podiform chromitite in Luobusha ophiolite of Tibet and its implications. Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica: 20(1): 1-9 (in Chinese with English abstract).

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

Localities:

Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ 'Garnet Group'

Formula: X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃

Locality: Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

References:

Xiangzhen Xu, Jingsui Yang, Guolin Guo, and Fahui Xiong (2013): Mineral inclusions in corundum from chromitites in the Kangjinla chromite deposit, Tibet. Acta Petrologica Sinica 29(6), 1867-1877 (in Chinese with English abstract).

ⓘ Gehlenite

Formula: Ca₂Al[AlSiO₇]

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Gersdorffite

Formula: NiAsS

References:

ⓘ Graphite

Formula: C

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Heazlewoodite

Formula: Ni₃S₂

Localities:

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

References:

www.ngu.no (n.d.) http://www.ngu.no/FileArchive/165/2003_055.pdf

ⓘ Hörnesite

Formula: Mg₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O

References:

ⓘ Ilmenite

Formula: Fe²⁺TiO₃

Locality: Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

References:

ⓘ Iridarsenite

Formula: (Ir,Ru)As₂

References:

ⓘ Jianmuite (TL)

Formula: ZrTi⁴⁺Ti³⁺₅Al₃O₁₆

Type Locality:

References:

Bosi, Ferdinando, Hatert, Frédéric, Pasero, Marco, Mills, Stuart J. (2023) Newsletter 75. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-4 doi:10.1180/mgm.2023.76

ⓘ Jingsuiite (TL)

Formula: TiB₂

Localities:

Type Locality: Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ Kangjinlaite (TL)

Formula: Ti₁₁Si₁₀

Type Locality:

References:

Miyawaki, Ritsuro, Hatert, Frédéric, Pasero, Marco, Mills, Stuart J. (2021) IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) – Newsletter 61. European Journal of Mineralogy, 33 (3) 299-304 doi:10.5194/ejm-33-299-2021

ⓘ Kashinite

Formula: Ir₂S₃

References:

ⓘ 'K Feldspar'

References:

ⓘ Khamrabaevite

Formula: (Ti,V,Fe)C

Locality: Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

References:

ⓘ Kyanite

Formula: Al₂(SiO₄)O

Localities:

Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Orebody 31 (Chromite deposit 31), Luobusha Mine ("Luobusa" Mine), Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ Laurite

Formula: RuS₂

References:

ⓘ Lime

Formula: CaO

References:

www.ngu.no (n.d.) http://www.ngu.no/FileArchive/165/2003_055.pdf

ⓘ Linzhiite (TL)

Formula: FeSi₂

Type Locality:

References:

Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2010) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2010. CNMNC Newsletter No 3. Mineralogical Magazine, 74 (3) 577-579 doi:10.1180/s0026461x00054979

Li, Guowu, Bai, Wenji, Shi, Nicheng, Fang, Qinsong, Xiong, Ming, Yang, Jingsui, Ma, Zhesheng, Rong, He (2012) Linzhiite, FeSi2, a redefined and revalidated new mineral species from Luobusha, Tibet, China. European Journal of Mineralogy, 24 (6) 1047-1052 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2012/0024-2237

ⓘ Litharge

Formula: PbO

References:

www.ngu.no (n.d.) http://www.ngu.no/FileArchive/165/2003_055.pdf

ⓘ Luobusaite (TL)

Formula: Fe_0.84Si₂

Localities:

Type Locality: Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ Mackinawite

Formula: FeS

References:

ⓘ Magnesiochromite

Formula: MgCr₂O₄

References:

ⓘ Magnesite

Formula: MgCO₃

References:

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

Localities:

Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Luobusha Mine ("Luobusa" Mine), Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ Maurogemmiite (TL)

Formula: Ti₁₀Fe₃O₃

Type Locality:

References:

Mugnaioli, E., Xiong, F., Xu, X., Yang, J., Grew, E. S.: Maurogemmiite, IMA 2022-

Bosi, Ferdinando; Hatert, Frédéric; Pasero, Marco; Mills, Stuart J. (2023) IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) – Newsletter 73. European Journal of Mineralogy, 35 (3). 397-402 doi:10.5194/ejm-35-397-2023

Xiong, Fahui; Mugnaioli, Enrico; Xu, Xiangzhen; Yang, Jingsui; Wirth, Richard; Franke, Peter; Grew, Edward S. (2025) Maurogemmiite, Ti10Fe3O3 and paulrobinsonite, Ti8Fe4O2: new minerals in a coesite-bearing fragment from the Luobosa ophiolite, Tibet, China. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-52 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10169

ⓘ Millerite

Formula: NiS

References:

ⓘ Moissanite

Formula: SiC

Localities:

ⓘ Molybdenite

Formula: MoS₂

References:

www.ngu.no (n.d.) http://www.ngu.no/FileArchive/165/2003_055.pdf

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Naquite (TL)

Formula: FeSi

Type Locality:

References:

Shi, Nicheng, Bai, Wenji, Li, Guowu, Xiong, Ming, Yang, Jingsu, Ma, Zhesheng, Rong, He (2012) Naquite, FeSi, a New Mineral Species from Luobusha, Tibet, Western China. Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition, 86 (3) 533-538 doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2012.00682.x

ⓘ Native Aluminium

Formula: Al

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Native Chromium

Formula: Cr

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Native Copper

Formula: Cu

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Native Gold

Formula: Au

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum

Formula: (Au,Ag)

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Native Iridium

Formula: (Ir,Os,Ru)

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Native Iridium var. Osmiridium

Formula: (Ir,Os,Ru)

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Native Iridium var. Rutheniridium

Formula: (Ir,Ru)

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Native Iron

Formula: Fe

Localities:

ⓘ Native Lead

Formula: Pb

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Native Nickel

Formula: Ni

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Native Osmium

Formula: (Os,Ir,Ru)

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggang Yan, Zhongming Zhang, Yufeng Ren, Nicheng Shi, Zhesheng Ma, and Mingquan Dai (2004): Earth Science Frontiers 11(1), 179-187

ⓘ Native Osmium var. Iridosmine

Formula: (Os,Ir)

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Native Palladium

Formula: (Pd,Pt)

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggang Yan, Zhongming Zhang, Yufeng Ren, Nicheng Shi, Zhesheng Ma, and Mingquan Dai (2004): Earth Science Frontiers 11(1), 179-187

ⓘ Native Rhodium

Formula: (Rh,Pt)

References:

www.ngu.no (n.d.) http://www.ngu.no/FileArchive/165/2003_055.pdf

ⓘ Native Ruthenium

Formula: (Ru,Ir)

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggang Yan, Zhongming Zhang, Yufeng Ren, Nicheng Shi, Zhesheng Ma, and Mingquan Dai (2004): Earth Science Frontiers 11(1), 179-187

ⓘ Native Silicon

Formula: Si

Localities:

Orebody 31 (Chromite deposit 31), Luobusha Mine ("Luobusa" Mine), Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ Native Silver

Formula: Ag

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggang Yan, Zhongming Zhang, Yufeng Ren, Nicheng Shi, Zhesheng Ma, and Mingquan Dai (2004): Earth Science Frontiers 11(1), 179-187

ⓘ 'Native Tantalum'

Formula: Ta

Locality: Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

References:

ⓘ Native Tin

Formula: Sn

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Native Titanium (TL)

Formula: Ti

Localities:

Orebody 31 (Chromite deposit 31), Luobusha Mine ("Luobusa" Mine), Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

Type Locality: Orebody 31 (Chromite deposit 31), Luobusha Mine ("Luobusa" Mine), Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ Native Tungsten

Formula: W

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Native Zinc

Formula: Zn

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Népouite

Formula: Ni₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄

References:

ⓘ Nickeline

Formula: NiAs

References:

ⓘ 'Olivine Group'

Formula: M₂SiO₄

Localities:

Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Luobusha Mine ("Luobusa" Mine), Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'

Localities:

ⓘ Osbornite

Formula: TiN

Localities:

Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Orebody 31 (Chromite deposit 31), Luobusha Mine ("Luobusa" Mine), Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ Paulrobinsonite (TL)

Formula: Ti₈Fe₄O₂

Type Locality:

References:

Mugnaioli, E., Xu, X., Yang, J., Grew, E.S. (2023): Paulrobinsonite, IMA 2022-

ⓘ Pentlandite

Formula: (Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈

Localities:

Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Luobusha Mine ("Luobusa" Mine), Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ Periclase

Formula: MgO

Localities:

Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ Phlogopite

Formula: KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Polkanovite

Formula: Rh₁₂As₇

References:

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

Localities:

Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ Pyrite var. Bravoite

Formula: (Fe,Ni)S₂

References:

www.ngu.no (n.d.) http://www.ngu.no/FileArchive/165/2003_055.pdf

ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'

Formula: ADSi₂O₆

Locality: Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

References:

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

References:

www.ngu.no (n.d.) http://www.ngu.no/FileArchive/165/2003_055.pdf

ⓘ Qingsongite (TL)

Formula: BN

Type Locality:

Description: As inclusions in coesite

References:

Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2013) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2013. CNMNC Newsletter No 16. Mineralogical Magazine, 77 (6) 2695-2709 doi:10.1180/minmag.2013.077.6.01

Dobrzhinetskaya, L. F., Wirth, R., Yang, J., Green, H. W., Hutcheon, I. D., Weber, P. K., Grew, E. S. (2014) Qingsongite, natural cubic boron nitride: The first boron mineral from the Earth's mantle. American Mineralogist, 99 (4) 764-772 doi:10.2138/am.2014.4714

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

Localities:

ⓘ Qusongite (TL)

Formula: WC

Localities:

Type Locality: Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ Rambergite

Formula: MnS

References:

ⓘ Ruthenarsenite

Formula: (Ru,Ni)As

References:

ⓘ Rutile

Formula: TiO₂

Localities:

Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup'

Formula: D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄

Localities:

ⓘ Sillimanite

Formula: Al₂(SiO₄)O

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Skutterudite

Formula: CoAs₃

References:

ⓘ Sperrylite

Formula: PtAs₂

References:

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

Localities:

Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ Sphalerite var. Mátraite

Formula: ZnS

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Spinel

Formula: MgAl₂O₄

Localities:

ⓘ Talc

Formula: Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂

Localities:

ⓘ Tennantite-(Ni) (TL)

Formula: Cu₆(Cu₄Ni₂)As₄S₁₂S

Type Locality:

References:

Miyawaki, Ritsuro, Hatert, Frédéric, Pasero, Marco, Mills, Stuart J. (2021) Newsletter 62. Mineralogical Magazine, 85 (4) 634-638 doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.62

Wang, Yanjuan, Chen, Rujun, Gu, Xiangping, Hou, Zengqian, Nestola, Fabrizio, Yang, Zhusen, Fan, Guang, Dong, Guochen, Ye, Lijuan, Qu, Kai (2023) Tennantite-(Ni), Cu₆(Cu₄Ni₂)As₄S₁₃, from Luobusa ophiolite, Tibet, China: a new Ni member of the tetrahedrite group. Mineralogical Magazine, 87 (4) Mineralogical Society. 591-598 doi:10.1180/mgm.2023.41

ⓘ Tetrahedrite-(Ni) (TL)

Formula: Cu₆(Cu₄Ni₂)Sb₄S₁₂S

Type Locality:

References:

Miyawaki, Ritsuro, Hatert, Frédéric, Pasero, Marco, Mills, Stuart J. (2021) Newsletter 62. Mineralogical Magazine, 85 (4) 634-638 doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.62

ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'

Formula: Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S

Locality: Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

References:

ⓘ Tianhongqiite (TL)

Formula: CrTiO₃(OH)

Type Locality:

References:

Miyawaki, Ritsuro, Hatert, Frédéric, Pasero, Marco, Mills, Stuart J. (2022) IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) – Newsletter 68. European Journal of Mineralogy, 34 (5) 385-391 doi:10.5194/ejm-34-385-2022

ⓘ Titanite

Formula: CaTiO(SiO₄)

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Troilite

Formula: FeS

References:

ⓘ 'UM1999-02-As:NiRh'

Formula: (Rh,Ni)₇As₄

References:

ⓘ 'UM2000-07-E:CrFeNi'

Formula: (Ni,Fe,Cr)

References:

ⓘ 'UM2000-08-E:CrFeNi'

Formula: (Fe,Ni,Cr)

References:

ⓘ 'UM2000-09-E:CuFeNiPtRh'

Formula: (Pt,Rh)0.55(Fe,Cu,Ni)0.45

References:

ⓘ 'UM2000-14-E:FeIrNi'

Formula: ~Ir(Ni,Fe)₂

References:

ⓘ 'UM2000-15-E:FeIrNi'

Formula: ~Ir(Ni,Fe)₄

References:

ⓘ 'UM2000-16-E:FeIrNi'

Formula: ~Ir₂(Fe,Ni)

References:

ⓘ 'UM2000-17-E:FeIrNi'

Formula: ~Ir₃(Ni,Fe)₂

References:

ⓘ 'UM2000-18-E:FeIrNiOs'

Formula: ~(Ir,Os)(Ni,Fe)

References:

ⓘ 'UM2000-19-E:FeNiPtRh'

Formula: (Pt,Rh)_0.64(Fe,Ni)_0.36

References:

ⓘ 'UM2000-60-Si:Fe'

Formula: Fe₃Si₇

References:

Jambor, J.L. and Roberts, A.C. (2001) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 86: 197-200.p.199

ⓘ 'UM2007-01-As:CuPd'

Formula: (Pd,Cu)₇As₃

References:

ⓘ 'UM2007-02-As:NiPd'

Formula: (Pd,Ni)₇As₄

References:

ⓘ 'UM2007-03-As:NiRh'

Formula: Rh₃Ni_3.57As₃

References:

ⓘ 'UM2007-04-As:Pd'

Formula: Pd₄As

References:

ⓘ 'UM2007-05-As:PdTe'

Formula: Pd₇(As,Te)₂

References:

ⓘ 'UM2007-06-As:Rh'

Formula: Rh₇As₃

References:

ⓘ 'UM2007-16-N:Ti'

Formula: Ti₇N₃

References:

ⓘ 'UM2007-21-S:AsIrRh'

Formula: (Rh,Ir)₃(S,As)₇

References:

ⓘ 'UM2007-22-S:AsRu'

Formula: Ru₃(S,As)₇

References:

ⓘ 'UM2007-26-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh'

Formula: (Ir,Cu,Ni,Pt,Rh,Fe)₉S₁₁

References:

ⓘ 'UM2007-27-S:CuFeIrNiRh'

Formula: (Ni,Fe,Cu,Rh,Ir)₁₁S₉

References:

ⓘ 'UM2007-28-S:CuFeIrNi'

Formula: (Ni,Ir,Fe,Cu)₈S₉

References:

ⓘ 'UM2007-29-S:CuFeIrNi'

Formula: (Ir,Ni,Fe,Cu)₈S₉

References:

ⓘ 'UM2007-30-S:Fe'

Formula: Fe₃S₂

References:

ⓘ 'UM2007-31-S:Ti'

Formula: Ti₇S₃

References:

ⓘ 'UM2007-33-Se:CuRhS'

Formula: (Rh,Cu)₉(Se,S)₁₁

References:

ⓘ 'UM2007-42-Te:AsPd'

Formula: Pd₇(Te,As)₂

References:

ⓘ 'UM2007-43-Te:Pd'

Formula: Pd₅Te₂

References:

ⓘ 'UM2009-33-SiO:AlKMgTi'

Formula: (Al,K,Mg,Ca)(Si,Ti)₂O₅ or KAl₂MgTi(Si,Al)₁₁O₂₈ (?)

References:

Dobrzhinetskaya, L.F., Wirth, R., Yang, J., Hutcheon, I.D., Weber, P.K., Green II, H.W. (2009): High-pressure highly reduced nitrides and oxides from chromitite of a Tibetan ophiolite. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.): 106(46): 19233-19238

ⓘ Uvarovite

Formula: Ca₃Cr³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Vaesite

Formula: NiS₂

References:

ⓘ Wangxibinite (TL)

Formula: TiFe

Type Locality:

References:

Xiong, F., Mugnaioli, E., Xu, X., Yang, J., Wirth, R., Grew, E.S. and Yates, M.G. (2025) Wangxibinite, IMA 2023-081b. CNMNC Newsletter 87, Mineralogical Magazine, 89, https://doi.org/......

ⓘ Wenjiite (TL)

Formula: Ti₁₀Si_xP_y

Localities:

Type Locality: Orebody CR-11, Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ Wodegongjieite (TL)

Formula: KCa₃(Al₇Si₉)O₃₂

Type Locality:

References:

Miyawaki, Ritsuro, Hatert, Frédéric, Pasero, Marco, Mills, Stuart J. (2022) IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) – Newsletter 67. European Journal of Mineralogy, 34 (3) 359-364 doi:10.5194/ejm-34-359-2022

ⓘ Wollastonite

Formula: Ca₃(Si₃O₉)

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121

ⓘ Wüstite

Formula: FeO

Localities:

ⓘ Yarlongite (TL)

Formula: Cr₄Fe₄NiC₄

Localities:

Type Locality: Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

ⓘ Zangboite (TL)

Formula: TiFeSi₂

Type Locality:

References:

Li, Guowu, Fang, Qingsong, Shi, Nicheng, Bai, Wenji, Yang, Jingsui, Xiong, Ming, Ma, Zhesheng, Rong, He (2009) Zangboite (TiFeSi2), a new mineral from Luobusha, Tibet, China. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47 (5) 1265-1274 doi:10.3749/canmin.47.5.1265

ⓘ Zhiqinite (TL)

Formula: TiSi₂

Type Locality:

References:

Xiong, Fahui, Xu, Xiangzhen, Mugnaioli, Enrico, Gemmi, Mauro, Wirth, Richard, Grew, Edward S., Robinson, Paul T., Yang, Jingsui (2020) Two new minerals, badengzhuite, TiP, and zhiqinite, TiSi₂, from the Cr-11 chromitite orebody, Luobusa ophiolite, Tibet, China: is this evidence for super-reduced mantle-derived fluids?. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (6) 557-574 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-557-2020

ⓘ Zincite

Formula: ZnO

References:

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggang Yan, Zhongming Zhang, Yufeng Ren, Nicheng Shi, Zhesheng Ma, and Mingquan Dai (2004): Earth Science Frontiers 11(1), 179-187

ⓘ Zircon

Formula: Zr(SiO₄)

Localities:

Kangjinla Cr deposit, Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China
Luobusha Mine ("Luobusa" Mine), Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite"), Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.), Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture), Tibet, China

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Native Aluminium	1.AA.05	Al
ⓘ	Native Copper	1.AA.05	Cu
ⓘ	Native Gold var. Electrum	1.AA.05	(Au,Ag)
ⓘ		1.AA.05	Au
ⓘ	Native Lead	1.AA.05	Pb
ⓘ	Native Nickel	1.AA.05	Ni
ⓘ	Native Silver	1.AA.05	Ag
ⓘ	Native Zinc	1.AB.05	Zn
ⓘ	Native Titanium (TL)	1.AB.05	Ti
ⓘ	Native Tin	1.AC.10	Sn
ⓘ	Native Chromium	1.AE.05	Cr
ⓘ	Native Iron	1.AE.05	Fe
ⓘ	Native Tungsten	1.AE.05	W
ⓘ	Awaruite	1.AE.20	Ni₃Fe
ⓘ	Native Osmium	1.AF.05	(Os,Ir,Ru)
ⓘ	Native Ruthenium	1.AF.05	(Ru,Ir)
ⓘ	Native Osmium var. Iridosmine	1.AF.05	(Os,Ir)
ⓘ	Native Iridium	1.AF.10	(Ir,Os,Ru)
ⓘ	Native Palladium	1.AF.10	(Pd,Pt)
ⓘ	Native Rhodium	1.AF.10	(Rh,Pt)
ⓘ	Native Iridium var. Osmiridium	1.AF.10	(Ir,Os,Ru)
ⓘ	var. Rutheniridium	1.AF.10	(Ir,Ru)
ⓘ	Wangxibinite (TL)	1.AH.	TiFe
ⓘ	'Native Tantalum'	1.AH.15	Ta
ⓘ	Maurogemmiite (TL)	1.AI.	Ti₁₀Fe₃O₃
ⓘ	Paulrobinsonite (TL)	1.AI.	Ti₈Fe₄O₂
ⓘ	Wenjiite (TL)	1.B0.	Ti₁₀Si_xP_y
ⓘ	Jingsuiite (TL)	1.B0.05	TiB₂
ⓘ	Khamrabaevite	1.BA.20	(Ti,V,Fe)C
ⓘ	Qusongite (TL)	1.BA.25	WC
ⓘ	Yarlongite (TL)	1.BA.30	Cr₄Fe₄NiC₄
ⓘ	Zangboite (TL)	1.BB.	TiFeSi₂
ⓘ	Kangjinlaite (TL)	1.BB.	Ti₁₁Si₁₀
ⓘ	Naquite (TL)	1.BB.15	FeSi
ⓘ	Linzhiite (TL)	1.BB.20	FeSi₂
ⓘ	Luobusaite (TL)	1.BB.25	Fe_0.84Si₂
ⓘ	Zhiqinite (TL)	1.BB.65	TiSi₂
ⓘ	'UM2007-16-N:Ti'	1.BC.	Ti₇N₃
ⓘ	Qingsongite (TL)	1.BC.	BN
ⓘ	Osbornite	1.BC.15	TiN
ⓘ	Badengzhuite (TL)	1.BD.60	TiP
ⓘ	Graphite	1.CB.05a	C
ⓘ	Diamond	1.CB.10a	C
ⓘ	Native Silicon	1.CB.15	Si
ⓘ	Moissanite	1.DA.	SiC
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Polkanovite	2.AC.30	Rh₁₂As₇
ⓘ	'UM1999-02-As:NiRh'	2.AC.30	(Rh,Ni)₇As₄
ⓘ	'UM2007-27-S:CuFeIrNiRh'	2.BB.	(Ni,Fe,Cu,Rh,Ir)₁₁S₉
ⓘ	Heazlewoodite	2.BB.05	Ni₃S₂
ⓘ	'UM2007-30-S:Fe'	2.BB.05	Fe₃S₂
ⓘ	Pentlandite	2.BB.15	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
ⓘ	Sphalerite var. Mátraite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ		2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Rambergite	2.CB.45	MnS
ⓘ	'UM2007-26-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh'	2.CC.	(Ir,Cu,Ni,Pt,Rh,Fe)₉S₁₁
ⓘ	Nickeline	2.CC.05	NiAs
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
ⓘ	Troilite	2.CC.10	FeS
ⓘ	Ruthenarsenite	2.CC.15	(Ru,Ni)As
ⓘ	Millerite	2.CC.20	NiS
ⓘ	Mackinawite	2.CC.25	FeS
ⓘ	Alabandite	2.CD.10	MnS
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	Kashinite	2.DB.15	Ir₂S₃
ⓘ	Molybdenite	2.EA.30	MoS₂
ⓘ	Iridarsenite	2.EB.	(Ir,Ru)As₂
ⓘ	Pyrite var. Bravoite	2.EB.05a	(Fe,Ni)S₂
ⓘ	Erlichmanite	2.EB.05a	OsS₂
ⓘ	Laurite	2.EB.05a	RuS₂
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Sperrylite	2.EB.05a	PtAs₂
ⓘ	Vaesite	2.EB.05a	NiS₂
ⓘ	Arsenopyrite	2.EB.20	FeAsS
ⓘ	Gersdorffite	2.EB.25	NiAsS
ⓘ	Skutterudite	2.EC.05	CoAs₃
ⓘ	Tennantite-(Ni) (TL)	2.GB.	Cu₆(Cu₄Ni₂)As₄S₁₂S
ⓘ	Tetrahedrite-(Ni) (TL)	2.GB.	Cu₆(Cu₄Ni₂)Sb₄S₁₂S
ⓘ	'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'	2.GB.05	Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S
ⓘ	Chalcostibite	2.HA.05	CuSbS₂
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Zincite	4.AB.20	ZnO
ⓘ	Lime	4.AB.25	CaO
ⓘ	Periclase	4.AB.25	MgO
ⓘ	Wüstite	4.AB.25	FeO
ⓘ	Litharge	4.AC.20	PbO
ⓘ	Jianmuite (TL)	4.BB.	ZrTi⁴⁺Ti³⁺₅Al₃O₁₆
ⓘ	Chromite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Magnesiochromite	4.BB.05	MgCr₂O₄
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Spinel	4.BB.05	MgAl₂O₄
ⓘ	Corundum	4.CB.05	Al₂O₃
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Ilmenite	4.CB.05	Fe²⁺TiO₃
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	Coesite	4.DA.35	SiO₂
ⓘ	Tianhongqiite (TL)	4.DB.	CrTiO₃(OH)
ⓘ	Cassiterite	4.DB.05	SnO₂
ⓘ	Rutile	4.DB.05	TiO₂
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Magnesite	5.AB.05	MgCO₃
ⓘ	Dolomite	5.AB.10	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Celestine	7.AD.35	SrSO₄
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘ	Annabergite	8.CE.40	Ni₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
ⓘ	Hörnesite	8.CE.40	Mg₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Forsterite	9.AC.05	Mg₂(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Almandine	9.AD.25	Fe²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	Uvarovite	9.AD.25	Ca₃Cr³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	Zircon	9.AD.30	Zr(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Sillimanite	9.AF.05	Al₂(SiO₄)O
ⓘ	Andalusite	9.AF.10	Al₂(SiO₄)O
ⓘ	Kyanite	9.AF.15	Al₂(SiO₄)O
ⓘ	Titanite	9.AG.15	CaTiO(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Gehlenite	9.BB.10	Ca₂Al[AlSiO₇]
ⓘ	Enstatite	9.DA.05	Mg₂Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Diopside var. Chromium-bearing Diopside	9.DA.15	Ca(Mg,Cr)Si₂O₆
ⓘ		9.DA.15	CaMgSi₂O₆
ⓘ	Wollastonite	9.DG.05	Ca₃(Si₃O₉)
ⓘ	Talc	9.EC.05	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
ⓘ	Muscovite	9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Phlogopite	9.EC.20	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Clinochlore	9.EC.55	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
ⓘ	Antigorite	9.ED.15	Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
ⓘ	Népouite	9.ED.15	Ni₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
ⓘ	Dmisteinbergite	9.EG.15	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)
ⓘ	Wodegongjieite (TL)	9.FA.	KCa₃(Al₇Si₉)O₃₂
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Amphibole Supergroup'	-	AB₂C₅(T₈O₂₂)W₂
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-
ⓘ	'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'	-
ⓘ	'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'	-
ⓘ	'K Feldspar'	-
ⓘ	'Pyroxene Group'	-	ADSi₂O₆
ⓘ	'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)'	-
ⓘ	'Garnet Group'	-	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'	-
ⓘ	'Serpentine Subgroup'	-	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
ⓘ	'Olivine Group'	-	M₂SiO₄
ⓘ	'UM2007-01-As:CuPd'	-	(Pd,Cu)₇As₃
ⓘ	'UM2007-02-As:NiPd'	-	(Pd,Ni)₇As₄
ⓘ	'UM2007-03-As:NiRh'	-	Rh₃Ni_3.57As₃
ⓘ	'UM2007-04-As:Pd'	-	Pd₄As
ⓘ	'UM2007-05-As:PdTe'	-	Pd₇(As,Te)₂
ⓘ	'UM2007-06-As:Rh'	-	Rh₇As₃
ⓘ	'UM2007-21-S:AsIrRh'	-	(Rh,Ir)₃(S,As)₇
ⓘ	'UM2007-22-S:AsRu'	-	Ru₃(S,As)₇
ⓘ	'UM2007-28-S:CuFeIrNi'	-	(Ni,Ir,Fe,Cu)₈S₉
ⓘ	'UM2007-29-S:CuFeIrNi'	-	(Ir,Ni,Fe,Cu)₈S₉
ⓘ	'UM2007-31-S:Ti'	-	Ti₇S₃
ⓘ	'UM2007-33-Se:CuRhS'	-	(Rh,Cu)₉(Se,S)₁₁
ⓘ	'UM2007-42-Te:AsPd'	-	Pd₇(Te,As)₂
ⓘ	'UM2007-43-Te:Pd'	-	Pd₅Te₂
ⓘ	'UM2000-60-Si:Fe'	-	Fe₃Si₇
ⓘ	'UM2000-07-E:CrFeNi'	-	(Ni,Fe,Cr)
ⓘ	'UM2000-08-E:CrFeNi'	-	(Fe,Ni,Cr)
ⓘ	'UM2000-09-E:CuFeNiPtRh'	-	(Pt,Rh)0.55(Fe,Cu,Ni)0.45
ⓘ	'UM2000-14-E:FeIrNi'	-	~Ir(Ni,Fe)₂
ⓘ	'UM2000-15-E:FeIrNi'	-	~Ir(Ni,Fe)₄
ⓘ	'UM2000-16-E:FeIrNi'	-	~Ir₂(Fe,Ni)
ⓘ	'UM2000-17-E:FeIrNi'	-	~Ir₃(Ni,Fe)₂
ⓘ	'UM2000-18-E:FeIrNiOs'	-	~(Ir,Os)(Ni,Fe)
ⓘ	'UM2000-19-E:FeNiPtRh'	-	(Pt,Rh)_0.64(Fe,Ni)_0.36
ⓘ	'UM2009-33-SiO:AlKMgTi'	-	(Al,K,Mg,Ca)(Si,Ti)₂O₅ or KAl₂MgTi(Si,Al)₁₁O₂₈ (?)

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Annabergite	Ni₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
H	ⓘ Antigorite	Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
H	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
H	ⓘ Hörnesite	Mg₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
H	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Népouite	Ni₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
H	ⓘ Tianhongqiite	CrTiO₃(OH)
B	Boron
B	ⓘ Qingsongite	BN
B	ⓘ Jingsuiite	TiB₂
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Diamond	C
C	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Graphite	C
C	ⓘ Khamrabaevite	(Ti,V,Fe)C
C	ⓘ Magnesite	MgCO₃
C	ⓘ Moissanite	SiC
C	ⓘ Qusongite	WC
C	ⓘ Yarlongite	Cr₄Fe₄NiC₄
N	Nitrogen
N	ⓘ Osbornite	TiN
N	ⓘ UM2007-16-N:Ti	Ti₇N₃
N	ⓘ Qingsongite	BN
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅(T₈O₂₂)W₂
O	ⓘ Andalusite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
O	ⓘ Annabergite	Ni₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
O	ⓘ Antigorite	Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Almandine	Fe₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Cassiterite	SnO₂
O	ⓘ Celestine	SrSO₄
O	ⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing Diopside	Ca(Mg,Cr)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
O	ⓘ Coesite	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Corundum	Al₂O₃
O	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Dmisteinbergite	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)
O	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Enstatite	Mg₂Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Forsterite	Mg₂(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Gehlenite	Ca₂Al[AlSiO₇]
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Hörnesite	Mg₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
O	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
O	ⓘ Kyanite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
O	ⓘ Lime	CaO
O	ⓘ Litharge	PbO
O	ⓘ Magnesite	MgCO₃
O	ⓘ Magnesiochromite	MgCr₂O₄
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Népouite	Ni₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Periclase	MgO
O	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Sillimanite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
O	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
O	ⓘ Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Uvarovite	Ca₃Cr₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Wüstite	FeO
O	ⓘ Wollastonite	Ca₃(Si₃O₉)
O	ⓘ Zincite	ZnO
O	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
O	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Garnet Group	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
O	ⓘ Olivine Group	M₂SiO₄
O	ⓘ UM2009-33-SiO:AlKMgTi	(Al,K,Mg,Ca)(Si,Ti)₂O₅ or KAl₂MgTi(Si,Al)₁₁O₂₈ (?)
O	ⓘ Wodegongjieite	KCa₃(Al₇Si₉)O₃₂
O	ⓘ Tianhongqiite	CrTiO₃(OH)
O	ⓘ Maurogemmiite	Ti₁₀Fe₃O₃
O	ⓘ Paulrobinsonite	Ti₈Fe₄O₂
O	ⓘ Jianmuite	ZrTi⁴⁺Ti₅³⁺Al₃O₁₆
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Antigorite	Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Mg	ⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing Diopside	Ca(Mg,Cr)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Mg	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Enstatite	Mg₂Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Forsterite	Mg₂(SiO₄)
Mg	ⓘ Hörnesite	Mg₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Magnesite	MgCO₃
Mg	ⓘ Magnesiochromite	MgCr₂O₄
Mg	ⓘ Periclase	MgO
Mg	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
Mg	ⓘ Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Mg	ⓘ UM2009-33-SiO:AlKMgTi	(Al,K,Mg,Ca)(Si,Ti)₂O₅ or KAl₂MgTi(Si,Al)₁₁O₂₈ (?)
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Native Aluminium	Al
Al	ⓘ Andalusite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
Al	ⓘ Almandine	Fe₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Al	ⓘ Corundum	Al₂O₃
Al	ⓘ Dmisteinbergite	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)
Al	ⓘ Gehlenite	Ca₂Al[AlSiO₇]
Al	ⓘ Kyanite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
Al	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Sillimanite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
Al	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
Al	ⓘ UM2009-33-SiO:AlKMgTi	(Al,K,Mg,Ca)(Si,Ti)₂O₅ or KAl₂MgTi(Si,Al)₁₁O₂₈ (?)
Al	ⓘ Wodegongjieite	KCa₃(Al₇Si₉)O₃₂
Al	ⓘ Jianmuite	ZrTi⁴⁺Ti₅³⁺Al₃O₁₆
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Andalusite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
Si	ⓘ Antigorite	Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Almandine	Fe₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Si	ⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing Diopside	Ca(Mg,Cr)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Si	ⓘ Coesite	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Dmisteinbergite	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)
Si	ⓘ Enstatite	Mg₂Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Forsterite	Mg₂(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Gehlenite	Ca₂Al[AlSiO₇]
Si	ⓘ Kyanite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
Si	ⓘ Moissanite	SiC
Si	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Népouite	Ni₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Native Silicon	Si
Si	ⓘ Sillimanite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
Si	ⓘ Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Uvarovite	Ca₃Cr₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Wollastonite	Ca₃(Si₃O₉)
Si	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Luobusaite	Fe_0.84Si₂
Si	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Si	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Garnet Group	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Olivine Group	M₂SiO₄
Si	ⓘ Zangboite	TiFeSi₂
Si	ⓘ Naquite	FeSi
Si	ⓘ Linzhiite	FeSi₂
Si	ⓘ UM2000-60-Si:Fe	Fe₃Si₇
Si	ⓘ Zhiqinite	TiSi₂
Si	ⓘ UM2009-33-SiO:AlKMgTi	(Al,K,Mg,Ca)(Si,Ti)₂O₅ or KAl₂MgTi(Si,Al)₁₁O₂₈ (?)
Si	ⓘ Wenjiite	Ti₁₀Si_xP_y
Si	ⓘ Kangjinlaite	Ti₁₁Si₁₀
Si	ⓘ Wodegongjieite	KCa₃(Al₇Si₉)O₃₂
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
P	ⓘ Badengzhuite	TiP
P	ⓘ Wenjiite	Ti₁₀Si_xP_y
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Alabandite	MnS
S	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
S	ⓘ Pyrite var. Bravoite	(Fe,Ni)S₂
S	ⓘ Celestine	SrSO₄
S	ⓘ Chalcostibite	CuSbS₂
S	ⓘ Erlichmanite	OsS₂
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Gersdorffite	NiAsS
S	ⓘ Heazlewoodite	Ni₃S₂
S	ⓘ Kashinite	Ir₂S₃
S	ⓘ Laurite	RuS₂
S	ⓘ Mackinawite	FeS
S	ⓘ Sphalerite var. Mátraite	ZnS
S	ⓘ Millerite	NiS
S	ⓘ Molybdenite	MoS₂
S	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
S	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
S	ⓘ Troilite	FeS
S	ⓘ Vaesite	NiS₂
S	ⓘ Rambergite	MnS
S	ⓘ UM2007-21-S:AsIrRh	(Rh,Ir)₃(S,As)₇
S	ⓘ UM2007-22-S:AsRu	Ru₃(S,As)₇
S	ⓘ UM2007-26-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh	(Ir,Cu,Ni,Pt,Rh,Fe)₉S₁₁
S	ⓘ UM2007-27-S:CuFeIrNiRh	(Ni,Fe,Cu,Rh,Ir)₁₁S₉
S	ⓘ UM2007-28-S:CuFeIrNi	(Ni,Ir,Fe,Cu)₈S₉
S	ⓘ UM2007-29-S:CuFeIrNi	(Ir,Ni,Fe,Cu)₈S₉
S	ⓘ UM2007-30-S:Fe	Fe₃S₂
S	ⓘ UM2007-31-S:Ti	Ti₇S₃
S	ⓘ UM2007-33-Se:CuRhS	(Rh,Cu)₉(Se,S)₁₁
S	ⓘ Tennantite-(Ni)	Cu₆(Cu₄Ni₂)As₄S₁₂S
S	ⓘ Tetrahedrite-(Ni)	Cu₆(Cu₄Ni₂)Sb₄S₁₂S
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
K	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ UM2009-33-SiO:AlKMgTi	(Al,K,Mg,Ca)(Si,Ti)₂O₅ or KAl₂MgTi(Si,Al)₁₁O₂₈ (?)
K	ⓘ Wodegongjieite	KCa₃(Al₇Si₉)O₃₂
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing Diopside	Ca(Mg,Cr)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Dmisteinbergite	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)
Ca	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Gehlenite	Ca₂Al[AlSiO₇]
Ca	ⓘ Lime	CaO
Ca	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
Ca	ⓘ Uvarovite	Ca₃Cr₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Ca	ⓘ Wollastonite	Ca₃(Si₃O₉)
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
Ca	ⓘ UM2009-33-SiO:AlKMgTi	(Al,K,Mg,Ca)(Si,Ti)₂O₅ or KAl₂MgTi(Si,Al)₁₁O₂₈ (?)
Ca	ⓘ Wodegongjieite	KCa₃(Al₇Si₉)O₃₂
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Ti	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Khamrabaevite	(Ti,V,Fe)C
Ti	ⓘ Osbornite	TiN
Ti	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
Ti	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
Ti	ⓘ Native Titanium	Ti
Ti	ⓘ Zangboite	TiFeSi₂
Ti	ⓘ UM2007-16-N:Ti	Ti₇N₃
Ti	ⓘ UM2007-31-S:Ti	Ti₇S₃
Ti	ⓘ Jingsuiite	TiB₂
Ti	ⓘ Badengzhuite	TiP
Ti	ⓘ Zhiqinite	TiSi₂
Ti	ⓘ UM2009-33-SiO:AlKMgTi	(Al,K,Mg,Ca)(Si,Ti)₂O₅ or KAl₂MgTi(Si,Al)₁₁O₂₈ (?)
Ti	ⓘ Wenjiite	Ti₁₀Si_xP_y
Ti	ⓘ Kangjinlaite	Ti₁₁Si₁₀
Ti	ⓘ Tianhongqiite	CrTiO₃(OH)
Ti	ⓘ Maurogemmiite	Ti₁₀Fe₃O₃
Ti	ⓘ Paulrobinsonite	Ti₈Fe₄O₂
Ti	ⓘ Jianmuite	ZrTi⁴⁺Ti₅³⁺Al₃O₁₆
Ti	ⓘ Wangxibinite	TiFe
V	Vanadium
V	ⓘ Khamrabaevite	(Ti,V,Fe)C
Cr	Chromium
Cr	ⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing Diopside	Ca(Mg,Cr)Si₂O₆
Cr	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
Cr	ⓘ Native Chromium	Cr
Cr	ⓘ Magnesiochromite	MgCr₂O₄
Cr	ⓘ Uvarovite	Ca₃Cr₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Cr	ⓘ Yarlongite	Cr₄Fe₄NiC₄
Cr	ⓘ UM2000-07-E:CrFeNi	(Ni,Fe,Cr)
Cr	ⓘ UM2000-08-E:CrFeNi	(Fe,Ni,Cr)
Cr	ⓘ Tianhongqiite	CrTiO₃(OH)
Mn	Manganese
Mn	ⓘ Alabandite	MnS
Mn	ⓘ Rambergite	MnS
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
Fe	ⓘ Awaruite	Ni₃Fe
Fe	ⓘ Almandine	Fe₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite var. Bravoite	(Fe,Ni)S₂
Fe	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Fe	ⓘ Native Iron	Fe
Fe	ⓘ Khamrabaevite	(Ti,V,Fe)C
Fe	ⓘ Mackinawite	FeS
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Fe	ⓘ Troilite	FeS
Fe	ⓘ Wüstite	FeO
Fe	ⓘ Luobusaite	Fe_0.84Si₂
Fe	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Fe	ⓘ Yarlongite	Cr₄Fe₄NiC₄
Fe	ⓘ Zangboite	TiFeSi₂
Fe	ⓘ Naquite	FeSi
Fe	ⓘ Linzhiite	FeSi₂
Fe	ⓘ UM2007-26-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh	(Ir,Cu,Ni,Pt,Rh,Fe)₉S₁₁
Fe	ⓘ UM2007-27-S:CuFeIrNiRh	(Ni,Fe,Cu,Rh,Ir)₁₁S₉
Fe	ⓘ UM2007-28-S:CuFeIrNi	(Ni,Ir,Fe,Cu)₈S₉
Fe	ⓘ UM2007-29-S:CuFeIrNi	(Ir,Ni,Fe,Cu)₈S₉
Fe	ⓘ UM2007-30-S:Fe	Fe₃S₂
Fe	ⓘ UM2000-60-Si:Fe	Fe₃Si₇
Fe	ⓘ UM2000-07-E:CrFeNi	(Ni,Fe,Cr)
Fe	ⓘ UM2000-08-E:CrFeNi	(Fe,Ni,Cr)
Fe	ⓘ UM2000-09-E:CuFeNiPtRh	(Pt,Rh)0.55(Fe,Cu,Ni)0.45
Fe	ⓘ UM2000-14-E:FeIrNi	~Ir(Ni,Fe)₂
Fe	ⓘ UM2000-15-E:FeIrNi	~Ir(Ni,Fe)₄
Fe	ⓘ UM2000-16-E:FeIrNi	~Ir₂(Fe,Ni)
Fe	ⓘ UM2000-17-E:FeIrNi	~Ir₃(Ni,Fe)₂
Fe	ⓘ UM2000-18-E:FeIrNiOs	~(Ir,Os)(Ni,Fe)
Fe	ⓘ UM2000-19-E:FeNiPtRh	(Pt,Rh)_0.64(Fe,Ni)_0.36
Fe	ⓘ Maurogemmiite	Ti₁₀Fe₃O₃
Fe	ⓘ Paulrobinsonite	Ti₈Fe₄O₂
Fe	ⓘ Wangxibinite	TiFe
Co	Cobalt
Co	ⓘ Skutterudite	CoAs₃
Ni	Nickel
Ni	ⓘ Annabergite	Ni₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
Ni	ⓘ Awaruite	Ni₃Fe
Ni	ⓘ Pyrite var. Bravoite	(Fe,Ni)S₂
Ni	ⓘ Gersdorffite	NiAsS
Ni	ⓘ Heazlewoodite	Ni₃S₂
Ni	ⓘ Millerite	NiS
Ni	ⓘ Népouite	Ni₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
Ni	ⓘ Native Nickel	Ni
Ni	ⓘ Nickeline	NiAs
Ni	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
Ni	ⓘ Ruthenarsenite	(Ru,Ni)As
Ni	ⓘ Vaesite	NiS₂
Ni	ⓘ UM1999-02-As:NiRh	(Rh,Ni)₇As₄
Ni	ⓘ Yarlongite	Cr₄Fe₄NiC₄
Ni	ⓘ UM2007-02-As:NiPd	(Pd,Ni)₇As₄
Ni	ⓘ UM2007-03-As:NiRh	Rh₃Ni_3.57As₃
Ni	ⓘ UM2007-26-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh	(Ir,Cu,Ni,Pt,Rh,Fe)₉S₁₁
Ni	ⓘ UM2007-27-S:CuFeIrNiRh	(Ni,Fe,Cu,Rh,Ir)₁₁S₉
Ni	ⓘ UM2007-28-S:CuFeIrNi	(Ni,Ir,Fe,Cu)₈S₉
Ni	ⓘ UM2007-29-S:CuFeIrNi	(Ir,Ni,Fe,Cu)₈S₉
Ni	ⓘ UM2000-07-E:CrFeNi	(Ni,Fe,Cr)
Ni	ⓘ UM2000-08-E:CrFeNi	(Fe,Ni,Cr)
Ni	ⓘ UM2000-09-E:CuFeNiPtRh	(Pt,Rh)0.55(Fe,Cu,Ni)0.45
Ni	ⓘ UM2000-14-E:FeIrNi	~Ir(Ni,Fe)₂
Ni	ⓘ UM2000-15-E:FeIrNi	~Ir(Ni,Fe)₄
Ni	ⓘ UM2000-16-E:FeIrNi	~Ir₂(Fe,Ni)
Ni	ⓘ UM2000-17-E:FeIrNi	~Ir₃(Ni,Fe)₂
Ni	ⓘ UM2000-18-E:FeIrNiOs	~(Ir,Os)(Ni,Fe)
Ni	ⓘ UM2000-19-E:FeNiPtRh	(Pt,Rh)_0.64(Fe,Ni)_0.36
Ni	ⓘ Tennantite-(Ni)	Cu₆(Cu₄Ni₂)As₄S₁₂S
Ni	ⓘ Tetrahedrite-(Ni)	Cu₆(Cu₄Ni₂)Sb₄S₁₂S
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Chalcostibite	CuSbS₂
Cu	ⓘ Native Copper	Cu
Cu	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
Cu	ⓘ UM2007-01-As:CuPd	(Pd,Cu)₇As₃
Cu	ⓘ UM2007-26-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh	(Ir,Cu,Ni,Pt,Rh,Fe)₉S₁₁
Cu	ⓘ UM2007-27-S:CuFeIrNiRh	(Ni,Fe,Cu,Rh,Ir)₁₁S₉
Cu	ⓘ UM2007-28-S:CuFeIrNi	(Ni,Ir,Fe,Cu)₈S₉
Cu	ⓘ UM2007-29-S:CuFeIrNi	(Ir,Ni,Fe,Cu)₈S₉
Cu	ⓘ UM2007-33-Se:CuRhS	(Rh,Cu)₉(Se,S)₁₁
Cu	ⓘ UM2000-09-E:CuFeNiPtRh	(Pt,Rh)0.55(Fe,Cu,Ni)0.45
Cu	ⓘ Tennantite-(Ni)	Cu₆(Cu₄Ni₂)As₄S₁₂S
Cu	ⓘ Tetrahedrite-(Ni)	Cu₆(Cu₄Ni₂)Sb₄S₁₂S
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite var. Mátraite	ZnS
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
Zn	ⓘ Native Zinc	Zn
Zn	ⓘ Zincite	ZnO
As	Arsenic
As	ⓘ Annabergite	Ni₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
As	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
As	ⓘ Gersdorffite	NiAsS
As	ⓘ Hörnesite	Mg₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
As	ⓘ Iridarsenite	(Ir,Ru)As₂
As	ⓘ Nickeline	NiAs
As	ⓘ Ruthenarsenite	(Ru,Ni)As
As	ⓘ Skutterudite	CoAs₃
As	ⓘ Sperrylite	PtAs₂
As	ⓘ Polkanovite	Rh₁₂As₇
As	ⓘ UM1999-02-As:NiRh	(Rh,Ni)₇As₄
As	ⓘ UM2007-01-As:CuPd	(Pd,Cu)₇As₃
As	ⓘ UM2007-02-As:NiPd	(Pd,Ni)₇As₄
As	ⓘ UM2007-03-As:NiRh	Rh₃Ni_3.57As₃
As	ⓘ UM2007-04-As:Pd	Pd₄As
As	ⓘ UM2007-05-As:PdTe	Pd₇(As,Te)₂
As	ⓘ UM2007-06-As:Rh	Rh₇As₃
As	ⓘ UM2007-21-S:AsIrRh	(Rh,Ir)₃(S,As)₇
As	ⓘ UM2007-22-S:AsRu	Ru₃(S,As)₇
As	ⓘ UM2007-42-Te:AsPd	Pd₇(Te,As)₂
As	ⓘ Tennantite-(Ni)	Cu₆(Cu₄Ni₂)As₄S₁₂S
Se	Selenium
Se	ⓘ UM2007-33-Se:CuRhS	(Rh,Cu)₉(Se,S)₁₁
Sr	Strontium
Sr	ⓘ Celestine	SrSO₄
Zr	Zirconium
Zr	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Zr	ⓘ Jianmuite	ZrTi⁴⁺Ti₅³⁺Al₃O₁₆
Mo	Molybdenum
Mo	ⓘ Molybdenite	MoS₂
Ru	Ruthenium
Ru	ⓘ Iridarsenite	(Ir,Ru)As₂
Ru	ⓘ Native Iridium	(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ru	ⓘ Laurite	RuS₂
Ru	ⓘ Native Osmium	(Os,Ir,Ru)
Ru	ⓘ Ruthenarsenite	(Ru,Ni)As
Ru	ⓘ Native Ruthenium	(Ru,Ir)
Ru	ⓘ Native Iridium var. Osmiridium	(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ru	ⓘ Native Iridium var. Rutheniridium	(Ir,Ru)
Ru	ⓘ UM2007-22-S:AsRu	Ru₃(S,As)₇
Rh	Rhodium
Rh	ⓘ Native Rhodium	(Rh,Pt)
Rh	ⓘ Polkanovite	Rh₁₂As₇
Rh	ⓘ UM1999-02-As:NiRh	(Rh,Ni)₇As₄
Rh	ⓘ UM2007-03-As:NiRh	Rh₃Ni_3.57As₃
Rh	ⓘ UM2007-06-As:Rh	Rh₇As₃
Rh	ⓘ UM2007-21-S:AsIrRh	(Rh,Ir)₃(S,As)₇
Rh	ⓘ UM2007-26-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh	(Ir,Cu,Ni,Pt,Rh,Fe)₉S₁₁
Rh	ⓘ UM2007-27-S:CuFeIrNiRh	(Ni,Fe,Cu,Rh,Ir)₁₁S₉
Rh	ⓘ UM2007-33-Se:CuRhS	(Rh,Cu)₉(Se,S)₁₁
Rh	ⓘ UM2000-09-E:CuFeNiPtRh	(Pt,Rh)0.55(Fe,Cu,Ni)0.45
Rh	ⓘ UM2000-19-E:FeNiPtRh	(Pt,Rh)_0.64(Fe,Ni)_0.36
Pd	Palladium
Pd	ⓘ Native Palladium	(Pd,Pt)
Pd	ⓘ UM2007-01-As:CuPd	(Pd,Cu)₇As₃
Pd	ⓘ UM2007-02-As:NiPd	(Pd,Ni)₇As₄
Pd	ⓘ UM2007-04-As:Pd	Pd₄As
Pd	ⓘ UM2007-05-As:PdTe	Pd₇(As,Te)₂
Pd	ⓘ UM2007-42-Te:AsPd	Pd₇(Te,As)₂
Pd	ⓘ UM2007-43-Te:Pd	Pd₅Te₂
Ag	Silver
Ag	ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum	(Au,Ag)
Ag	ⓘ Native Silver	Ag
Sn	Tin
Sn	ⓘ Cassiterite	SnO₂
Sn	ⓘ Native Tin	Sn
Sb	Antimony
Sb	ⓘ Chalcostibite	CuSbS₂
Sb	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
Sb	ⓘ Tetrahedrite-(Ni)	Cu₆(Cu₄Ni₂)Sb₄S₁₂S
Te	Tellurium
Te	ⓘ UM2007-05-As:PdTe	Pd₇(As,Te)₂
Te	ⓘ UM2007-42-Te:AsPd	Pd₇(Te,As)₂
Te	ⓘ UM2007-43-Te:Pd	Pd₅Te₂
Ta	Tantalum
Ta	ⓘ Native Tantalum	Ta
W	Tungsten
W	ⓘ Native Tungsten	W
W	ⓘ Qusongite	WC
Os	Osmium
Os	ⓘ Erlichmanite	OsS₂
Os	ⓘ Native Iridium	(Ir,Os,Ru)
Os	ⓘ Native Osmium	(Os,Ir,Ru)
Os	ⓘ Native Iridium var. Osmiridium	(Ir,Os,Ru)
Os	ⓘ Native Osmium var. Iridosmine	(Os,Ir)
Os	ⓘ UM2000-18-E:FeIrNiOs	~(Ir,Os)(Ni,Fe)
Ir	Iridium
Ir	ⓘ Iridarsenite	(Ir,Ru)As₂
Ir	ⓘ Native Iridium	(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ir	ⓘ Kashinite	Ir₂S₃
Ir	ⓘ Native Osmium	(Os,Ir,Ru)
Ir	ⓘ Native Ruthenium	(Ru,Ir)
Ir	ⓘ Native Iridium var. Osmiridium	(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ir	ⓘ Native Osmium var. Iridosmine	(Os,Ir)
Ir	ⓘ Native Iridium var. Rutheniridium	(Ir,Ru)
Ir	ⓘ UM2007-21-S:AsIrRh	(Rh,Ir)₃(S,As)₇
Ir	ⓘ UM2007-26-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh	(Ir,Cu,Ni,Pt,Rh,Fe)₉S₁₁
Ir	ⓘ UM2007-27-S:CuFeIrNiRh	(Ni,Fe,Cu,Rh,Ir)₁₁S₉
Ir	ⓘ UM2007-28-S:CuFeIrNi	(Ni,Ir,Fe,Cu)₈S₉
Ir	ⓘ UM2007-29-S:CuFeIrNi	(Ir,Ni,Fe,Cu)₈S₉
Ir	ⓘ UM2000-14-E:FeIrNi	~Ir(Ni,Fe)₂
Ir	ⓘ UM2000-15-E:FeIrNi	~Ir(Ni,Fe)₄
Ir	ⓘ UM2000-16-E:FeIrNi	~Ir₂(Fe,Ni)
Ir	ⓘ UM2000-17-E:FeIrNi	~Ir₃(Ni,Fe)₂
Ir	ⓘ UM2000-18-E:FeIrNiOs	~(Ir,Os)(Ni,Fe)
Pt	Platinum
Pt	ⓘ Native Palladium	(Pd,Pt)
Pt	ⓘ Native Rhodium	(Rh,Pt)
Pt	ⓘ Sperrylite	PtAs₂
Pt	ⓘ UM2007-26-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh	(Ir,Cu,Ni,Pt,Rh,Fe)₉S₁₁
Pt	ⓘ UM2000-09-E:CuFeNiPtRh	(Pt,Rh)0.55(Fe,Cu,Ni)0.45
Pt	ⓘ UM2000-19-E:FeNiPtRh	(Pt,Rh)_0.64(Fe,Ni)_0.36
Au	Gold
Au	ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum	(Au,Ag)
Au	ⓘ Native Gold	Au
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS
Pb	ⓘ Native Lead	Pb
Pb	ⓘ Litharge	PbO

Localities in this Region

China

Tibet
- Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture)
  - Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.)
    - Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite")

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

AsiaContinent

Hindukush Himalayan RegionGroup of Mountain Ranges
Tibetan PlateauPlateau

China

Southern Tibet - Tengchong Li Mineral BeltMineral Belt
⭔Southwest ChinaRegion
Tibet
- Gangdese Metallogenic BeltMineral Belt

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate

Himalayan Orogenic BeltOrogenic Belt

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Bai, W.J., Zhou, M.F., Robinson, P.T., et al. (1993) Possible diamond-bearing mantle peridotites and chromites in the Luobusa and Dongqiao ophiolites, Tibet. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences: 30: 1650-1659.

Bai, W.J., Zhou, M.F., and Fang, Q.S. (2000) Origin of podiform chromitites, diamonds and associated mineral assemblage in the Luobusha ophiolite, Tibet. Seismological Press (Beijing), 98 pp. (in Chinese).

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001) Study on a storehouse of ultrahigh-pressure mantle minerals - podiform chromite deposits. Earth Science Frontiers: 8(3): 111-121 (in Chinese with English abstract).

Wenji Bai, Nicheng Shi, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Mingquan Dai, Ming Xiong, and Binggan Yan (2002) Two new varieties of iron nickel from ophiolites, Tibet. Acta Mineralogica Sinica: 22(3): 201-206.

Aitchison, J.C., Abrajevitch, A., Badengzhu, J.R.A., Davis, A.M., Luo, H., Liu, J.B., McDermid, I.R.C., and Ziabrev, S. (2002) New insights into the evolution of the Yarlung Tsangpo suture zone, Xizang (Tibet), China. Episodes: 25(2): 90-94.

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggang Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2002) Ultra-high pressure minerals: FeO, Fe, FeSi, Si and SiO2 assemblage from ophiolite in Tibet and its earth dynamic significance. Acta Geoscientia Sinica: 23(5): 395-402.

pubs.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca (2003) http://pubs.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/mineral/mineral38/58538-3.pdf

Bai, Wenji; Yang, Jingsui; Fang, Qingsong; Yan, Binggang (2003) An unusual mantle mineral group in ophiolite, Tibet, in The Alice Wain Memorial West Norway Eclogite Field Symposium, abstract volume. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse. Rapport 2003.055 , p.8.

Jingsui Yang, Wenji Bai, Qingsong Fang, Binggang Yan, He Rong, and Robinson, P. (2003) Newly discovered coesite-kyanite aggregates in the Luobusa ophiolite, southern Tibet, China, originated from exhumed mantle? Presented at the Alice Wain Memorial West Norway Eclogite Field Symposium, Selje, Norway, June 21-28 2003.

Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggang Yan, Zhongming Zhang, Yufeng Ren, Nicheng Shi, Zhesheng Ma, and Mingquan Dai (2004) Some native metals from ophiolitic chromitites in Tibet. Earth Science Frontiers: 11(1): 179-187.

Robinson, P.T., Jingsui Yang, Wenji Bai, and Qingsong Fang (2006): Ultra-High Pressure Minerals in the Luobusa Ophiolite, Tibet: Implications for Tethyan Mantle Dynamics. 3rd Annual Meeting of the Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS), July 10-14, 2006, Abstract 59-SE-A0857.

Bai, Wenji, Shi, Nicheng, Fang, Qingsong, Li, Guowu, Xiong, Ming, Yang, Jingsui, Rong, He (2010) Luobusaite: A New Mineral. Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition, 80 (5) 656-659 doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2006.tb00289.x

Yang, Yu, Yang, Jingsui, Wu, Weiwei, Cai, Pengjie, Ma, Haitao (2023) Microstructural Insights into the Evolution of Ophiolitic Chromite from Luobusha. Minerals, 13 (8) doi:10.3390/min13081047

[1]Yuan, Qiuyun, Rui, Huichao, Bo, Rongzhong, Lian, Dongyang, Cai, Pengjie, Wu, Yue, Parlak, Osman, Dou, Haoran, Ma, Haitao, Masoud, Ahmed E. (2025) Petrology, mineralogy, and geochemistry of major podiform chromite deposits in China: Implications for their genesis. Ore Geology Reviews, 179. 106508 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106508

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