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Beltana Mine, Puttapa, Pastoral Unincorporated Area, South Australia, Australiai
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Beltana Mine | Mine |
| Puttapa | Locality (Australia) |
| Pastoral Unincorporated Area | Unincorporated Area |
| South Australia | State |
| Australia | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
30° 40' 32'' South , 138° 26' 3'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
KΓΆppen climate type:
Nearest Settlements:
| Place | Population | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Leigh Creek | 547 (2013) | 9.7km |
| Copley | 102 (2013) | 12.9km |
| Blinman | 152 (2013) | 54.8km |
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
E.Z. Mine; Beltana deposit; Beltana-Aroona deposit; Puttapa mine
The Puttapa deposit (or Beltana Mine) is located 9 km SSE of Leigh Creek South (470 km north of Adelaide) and is currently owned by Perilya. It was restarted in 1984 by North Broken Hill Holdings Ltd. and produced 46,000 tons of ore in 1984. North Broken Hill became part of Pasminco in 1989 and then Zinifex in 2002. Perilya bought the mine in 2007 and further developed the mine by deepening the main pit and adding a secondary pit adjacent to the main pit, extracting 316,400 tonnes of ore.
It is a zinc (willemite) deposit hosted in fractured Cambrian Wilkawillina Limestone. Mined as an open pit, the ore content estimations pre-mining were 863,000 t @ 38% Zn and 2.2% Pb.
The mine/deposit is frequently named "Beltana-Aroona" because of a second occurrence, the "Aroona Mine", located 10.3 km to the NW, whose ore was mixed with the "Puttapa" ore on the common stockpile.
The mine has been extensively rehabilitated by Perilya, and the large dumps from the 1984 mining activity have all been contoured and covered with topsoil, and regrowth of native vegetation has started. There are still areas on the site (circa 2011) β such as along roads and windrows β where material may be collected; however, these will eventually be rehabilitated with the rest of the site. The large stockpile of ore from the 2007 mining activity has all been crushed and shipped off site for further processing.
While mining has stopped at Beltana, the site is still used as a base for Perilya's exploration in the immediate area (circa 2012), and permission must be obtained prior to any entry into the site.
Note on the mineral list: transparent "hedyphane" crystals from "Beltana" have been sold at mineral shows, but these crystals look like mimetite from the Mt. Bonnie mine (comm. Peter Elliott; see also discussion in http://www.mindat.org/mesg-106-373206.html).
It is a zinc (willemite) deposit hosted in fractured Cambrian Wilkawillina Limestone. Mined as an open pit, the ore content estimations pre-mining were 863,000 t @ 38% Zn and 2.2% Pb.
The mine/deposit is frequently named "Beltana-Aroona" because of a second occurrence, the "Aroona Mine", located 10.3 km to the NW, whose ore was mixed with the "Puttapa" ore on the common stockpile.
The mine has been extensively rehabilitated by Perilya, and the large dumps from the 1984 mining activity have all been contoured and covered with topsoil, and regrowth of native vegetation has started. There are still areas on the site (circa 2011) β such as along roads and windrows β where material may be collected; however, these will eventually be rehabilitated with the rest of the site. The large stockpile of ore from the 2007 mining activity has all been crushed and shipped off site for further processing.
While mining has stopped at Beltana, the site is still used as a base for Perilya's exploration in the immediate area (circa 2012), and permission must be obtained prior to any entry into the site.
Note on the mineral list: transparent "hedyphane" crystals from "Beltana" have been sold at mineral shows, but these crystals look like mimetite from the Mt. Bonnie mine (comm. Peter Elliott; see also discussion in http://www.mindat.org/mesg-106-373206.html).
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.Mineral List
45 valid minerals. 1 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.
Rock Types Recorded
Select Rock List Type
Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
| β Adamite Formula: Zn2(AsO4)(OH) |
| β Aragonite Formula: CaCO3 |
| β Arsendescloizite Formula: PbZn(AsO4)(OH) References: |
| β Austinite Formula: CaZn(AsO4)(OH) Description: First noted in October 1976, by members of I.M.A. after their 'Excursion of the Flinders Ranges, Olary and Broken Hill Areas'. The trip was held in conjunction with the 10th International Mineralogical Conference, Sydney Australia. It was later confirmed by P. Elliott as being common at this locality. References: |
| β Baryte Formula: BaSO4 |
| β Baumhauerite ? Formula: Pb12As16S36 |
| β Calcite Formula: CaCO3 |
| β Calcite var. Manganese-bearing Calcite Formula: (Ca,Mn)CO3 |
| β Cerussite Formula: PbCO3 |
| β Chalcophanite Formula: ZnMn4+3O7 · 3H2O References: |
| β Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 |
| β Coronadite Formula: Pb(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16 |
| β Cryptomelane Formula: K(Mn4+7Mn3+)O16 |
| β Descloizite Formula: PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| β Dolomite Formula: CaMg(CO3)2 References: Grubb, P. L. C. (1971) Mineralogy and genesis of the Beltana zincβlead deposit, Puttapa, South Australia. Journal of the Geological Society of Australia, 18 (2) 165-171 doi:10.1080/00167617108728755 |
| β Doloresite ? Formula: V4+3O4(OH)4 |
| β DufrΓ©noysite ? Formula: Pb2As2S5 |
| β Duftite Formula: PbCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| β Finnemanite ? Formula: Pb5(AsO3)3Cl Description: Peter Elliott studied the deposit and considers this one very doubtful. |
| β Galena Formula: PbS |
| β Gypsum Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| β Hedyphane Formula: Ca2Pb3(AsO4)3Cl |
| β Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 |
| β Hemimorphite Formula: Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| β Hetaerolite Formula: ZnMn2O4 |
| β Hetaerolite var. Hydrohetaerolite Formula: Zn(Mn,◻)2(O,OH)4 |
| β Hollandite Formula: Ba(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16 |
| β Kaolinite Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| β KΓΆttigite Formula: Zn3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| β Larsenite Formula: PbZnSiO4 |
| β 'Manganese Oxides' References: |
| β 'Manganese Oxides var. Manganese Dendrites' References: |
| β Marcasite Formula: FeS2 |
| β Mimetite Formula: Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| β Muscovite Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| β Muscovite var. Illite Formula: K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| β Olivenite Formula: Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| β Parasymplesite Formula: Fe2+3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| β Puttapaite (TL) Formula: Pb2Mn2+2ZnCr3+4O2(AsO4)4(OH)6 · 12H2O Type Locality: |
| β Pyrite Formula: FeS2 |
| β Pyromorphite Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl Description: Arsenian variety. |
| β Quartz Formula: SiO2 References: Muller, D. W. (1972) The Geology of the Beltana Willemite Deposits. Economic Geology, 67 (8) 1146-1167 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.67.8.1146 |
| β Rhodochrosite Formula: MnCO3 |
| β Scholzite ? Formula: CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O References: |
| β Smithsonite Formula: ZnCO3 |
| β Sphalerite Formula: ZnS |
| β Tilasite Formula: CaMg(AsO4)F |
| β Tsumcorite Formula: PbZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O Description: Dark reddish, Mn-rich varieties are also known (A. Pring and U. Kolitsch, unpubl. data) References: |
| β Vanadinite Formula: Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| β Vanadinite var. Arsenic-bearing Vanadinite Formula: Pb5[(V,As)O4]3Cl |
| β Willemite Formula: Zn2SiO4 Description: Main ore mineral. |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| β | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| β | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| β | Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS |
| β | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| β | Marcasite | 2.EB.10a | FeS2 |
| β | Baumhauerite ? | 2.HC.05b | Pb12As16S36 |
| β | DufrΓ©noysite ? | 2.HC.05d | Pb2As2S5 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| β | Hetaerolite | 4.BB.10 | ZnMn2O4 |
| β | var. Hydrohetaerolite | 4.BB.10 | Zn(Mn,β»)2(O,OH)4 |
| β | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| β | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| β | Coronadite | 4.DK.05a | Pb(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16 |
| β | Cryptomelane | 4.DK.05a | K(Mn4+7Mn3+)O16 |
| β | Hollandite | 4.DK.05a | Ba(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16 |
| β | Chalcophanite | 4.FL.20 | ZnMn4+3O7 Β· 3H2O |
| β | Doloresite ? | 4.HE.30 | V4+3O4(OH)4 |
| β | Finnemanite ? | 4.JB.45 | Pb5(AsO3)3Cl |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| β | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| β | var. Manganese-bearing Calcite | 5.AB.05 | (Ca,Mn)CO3 |
| β | Rhodochrosite | 5.AB.05 | MnCO3 |
| β | Smithsonite | 5.AB.05 | ZnCO3 |
| β | Dolomite | 5.AB.10 | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| β | Aragonite | 5.AB.15 | CaCO3 |
| β | Cerussite | 5.AB.15 | PbCO3 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| β | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| β | Gypsum | 7.CD.40 | CaSO4 Β· 2H2O |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| β | Tilasite | 8.BB. | CaMg(AsO4)F |
| β | Adamite | 8.BB.30 | Zn2(AsO4)(OH) |
| β | Olivenite | 8.BB.30 | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| β | Arsendescloizite | 8.BH.35 | PbZn(AsO4)(OH) |
| β | Austinite | 8.BH.35 | CaZn(AsO4)(OH) |
| β | Duftite | 8.BH.35 | PbCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| β | Descloizite | 8.BH.40 | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| β | Vanadinite var. Arsenic-bearing Vanadinite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5[(V,As)O4]3Cl |
| β | Hedyphane | 8.BN.05 | Ca2Pb3(AsO4)3Cl |
| β | Mimetite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| β | Pyromorphite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| β | Vanadinite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| β | Scholzite ? | 8.CA.45 | CaZn2(PO4)2 Β· 2H2O |
| β | KΓΆttigite | 8.CE.40 | Zn3(AsO4)2 Β· 8H2O |
| β | Parasymplesite | 8.CE.40 | Fe2+3(AsO4)2 Β· 8H2O |
| β | Tsumcorite | 8.CG.15 | PbZn2(AsO4)2 Β· 2H2O |
| β | Puttapaite (TL) | 8.DK. | Pb2Mn2+2ZnCr3+4O2(AsO4)4(OH)6 Β· 12H2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| β | Willemite | 9.AA.05 | Zn2SiO4 |
| β | Larsenite | 9.AB.10 | PbZnSiO4 |
| β | Hemimorphite | 9.BD.10 | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 Β· H2O |
| β | Muscovite var. Illite | 9.EC.15 | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| β | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 | |
| β | Kaolinite | 9.ED.05 | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Unclassified | |||
| β | 'Manganese Oxides var. Manganese Dendrites' | - | |
| β | '' | - | |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | β Adamite | Zn2(AsO4)(OH) |
| H | β Arsendescloizite | PbZn(AsO4)(OH) |
| H | β Austinite | CaZn(AsO4)(OH) |
| H | β Chalcophanite | ZnMn34+O7 · 3H2O |
| H | β Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| H | β Doloresite | V34+O4(OH)4 |
| H | β Duftite | PbCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| H | β Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| H | β Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| H | β Hetaerolite var. Hydrohetaerolite | Zn(Mn,◻)2(O,OH)4 |
| H | β Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| H | β Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | β KΓΆttigite | Zn3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| H | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | β Olivenite | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| H | β Parasymplesite | Fe32+(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| H | β Scholzite | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| H | β Tsumcorite | PbZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| H | β Puttapaite | Pb2Mn22+ZnCr43+O2(AsO4)4(OH)6 · 12H2O |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | β Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| C | β Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | β Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| C | β Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| C | β Calcite var. Manganese-bearing Calcite | (Ca,Mn)CO3 |
| C | β Rhodochrosite | MnCO3 |
| C | β Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | β Adamite | Zn2(AsO4)(OH) |
| O | β Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| O | β Arsendescloizite | PbZn(AsO4)(OH) |
| O | β Austinite | CaZn(AsO4)(OH) |
| O | β Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | β Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | β Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| O | β Chalcophanite | ZnMn34+O7 · 3H2O |
| O | β Coronadite | Pb(Mn64+Mn23+)O16 |
| O | β Cryptomelane | K(Mn74+Mn3+)O16 |
| O | β Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| O | β Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| O | β Doloresite | V34+O4(OH)4 |
| O | β Duftite | PbCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| O | β Vanadinite var. Arsenic-bearing Vanadinite | Pb5[(V,As)O4]3Cl |
| O | β Finnemanite | Pb5(AsO3)3Cl |
| O | β Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| O | β Hedyphane | Ca2Pb3(AsO4)3Cl |
| O | β Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | β Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| O | β Hetaerolite | ZnMn2O4 |
| O | β Hollandite | Ba(Mn64+Mn23+)O16 |
| O | β Hetaerolite var. Hydrohetaerolite | Zn(Mn,◻)2(O,OH)4 |
| O | β Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| O | β Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | β KΓΆttigite | Zn3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| O | β Larsenite | PbZnSiO4 |
| O | β Calcite var. Manganese-bearing Calcite | (Ca,Mn)CO3 |
| O | β Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| O | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | β Olivenite | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| O | β Parasymplesite | Fe32+(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| O | β Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| O | β Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | β Rhodochrosite | MnCO3 |
| O | β Scholzite | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| O | β Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| O | β Tilasite | CaMg(AsO4)F |
| O | β Tsumcorite | PbZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| O | β Vanadinite | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| O | β Willemite | Zn2SiO4 |
| O | β Puttapaite | Pb2Mn22+ZnCr43+O2(AsO4)4(OH)6 · 12H2O |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | β Tilasite | CaMg(AsO4)F |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | β | |
Beltana Mine, Puttapa, Pastoral Unincorporated Area, South Australia, Australia