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Dufrénoysite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Dufrénoysite
Ours Pierre Armand Petit Dufrenoy
Formula:
Pb2As2S5
Colour:
Dark lead-grey; dark red-brown (transmitted light)
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
5.50 - 5.57
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named by Augustin Alexis Damour in 1845 in honour of Ours Pierre Armand Petit Dufrénoy [September 5, 1792, Sevran, Seine-et-Oise, France - March 20, 1857, Paris, France], Professor of Mineralogy in the École des Mines, Paris. The mineral dufrénite is also named in his honour.
Type Locality:
Dufrenoysite-Veenite Series. Closely related to buynite.
Also compare argentodufrénoysite.
The structure contains isolated and interconnected AsS3 pyramids, as, e.g., in case of baumhauerite, gratonite, sartorite, and seligmannite.
Also compare argentodufrénoysite.
The structure contains isolated and interconnected AsS3 pyramids, as, e.g., in case of baumhauerite, gratonite, sartorite, and seligmannite.
Name Encoding
ASCII-7:
Dufrenoysite
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1324
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1324:2
IMA Classification of Dufrénoysite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Pb2+2As3+2S2-5
First published:
1845
Classification of Dufrénoysite
2.HC.05d
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
C : With only Pb
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
C : With only Pb
3.5.9.3
3 : SULFOSALTS
5 : 2.5 < ø < 3
3 : SULFOSALTS
5 : 2.5 < ø < 3
5.6.2
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
6 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb alone
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
6 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb alone
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Duf | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Duf | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Dufrénoysite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Dark lead-grey; dark red-brown (transmitted light)
Streak:
Reddish brown, chocolate brown
Hardness:
3 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=135 - 146 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
{010} perfect
{010} perfect
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
5.50 - 5.57 g/cm3 (Measured) 5.61 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Dufrénoysite
Anisotropism:
Strong in brown-violet and deep green.
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) | R2 (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 400nm | 39.5% | 42.1% |
| 420nm | 39.0% | 41.7% |
| 440nm | 38.5% | 41.1% |
| 460nm | 38.1% | 40.6% |
| 480nm | 37.8% | 40.2% |
| 500nm | 37.4% | 39.7% |
| 520nm | 37.0% | 39.0% |
| 540nm | 36.6% | 38.4% |
| 560nm | 36.1% | 37.6% |
| 580nm | 35.6% | 36.9% |
| 600nm | 34.9% | 36.2% |
| 620nm | 34.2% | 35.4% |
| 640nm | 33.3% | 34.6% |
| 660nm | 32.5% | 33.7% |
| 680nm | 31.7% | 33.0% |
| 700nm | 31.0% | 32.4% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 42.1%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
White
Internal Reflections:
Deep red at times.
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
Very weak.
Chemistry of Dufrénoysite
Mindat Formula:
Pb2As2S5
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Dufrénoysite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2 - Sphenoidal
Space Group:
P21
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.90 Å, b = 25.74 Å, c = 8.37 Å
β = 90.35°
β = 90.35°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.307 : 1 : 0.325
Unit Cell V:
1,701.97 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Tabular {010} and somewhat elongated [100]; also elongated [010] and striated [100] to 3 cm.
Twinning:
On {001}.
Comment:
The X-ray powder pattern closely resembles that of veenite.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.74 Å | (100) |
| 3.00 Å | (90) |
| 2.70 Å | (80) |
| 3.21 Å | (60) |
| 2.36 Å | (60) |
| 2.23 Å | (60) |
| 3.56 Å | (50) |
Comments:
Close to the data for veenite.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Geological Setting:
Moderate to low temperature hydrothermal deposits.
Type Occurrence of Dufrénoysite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Well-formed metallic crystals.
Synonyms of Dufrénoysite
Other Language Names for Dufrénoysite
Relationship of Dufrénoysite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Sartorite Group:
| Argentobaumhauerite | Ag1.5Pb22As33.5S72 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Argentodufrénoysite | Ag3Pb26As35S80 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Argentoliveingite | Ag3+xPb36-2xAs51+xS112 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Barikaite | Ag3Pb10(Sb8As11)S40 | Mon. 2/m : P21/c |
| Baumhauerite | Pb12As16S36 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Bernarlottiite | Pb6(As5Sb3)S18 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Boscardinite | TlPb4(Sb7As2)S18 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Carducciite | (Ag2Sb2)Pb12(As,Sb)16S40 | Mon. 2/m : P21/c |
| Dekatriasartorite | TlPb58As97S204 | Mon. 2/m : P21/c |
| Écrinsite | AgTl3Pb4As11Sb9S36 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Enneasartorite | Tl6Pb32As70S140 | Mon. 2/m : P21/c |
| Geuerite | Ag2Tl4Pb4As22S40 | Mon. 2/m : P21/c |
| Giuşcăite | Ag2Tl4Pb4As20Sb2S40 | Mon. m |
| Guettardite | Pb8(Sb0.56As0.44)16S32 | Mon. 2/m : P21/c |
| Hendekasartorite | Tl2Pb48As82S172 | Mon. 2/m : P21/c |
| Heptasartorite | Tl7Pb22As55S108 | Mon. 2/m : P21/c |
| Hyršlite | Pb8As10Sb6S32 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
| Incomsartorite | Tl6Pb144As246S516 | Mon. 2/m : P21/c |
| Interliveingite | AgPb18As25S56 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
| Liveingite | Pb20As24S56 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
| Parapierrotite | TlSb5S8 | Mon. m |
| Philrothite | TlAs3S5 | Mon. 2/m : P21/c |
| Pierrotite | Tl2(Sb,As)10S16 | Orth. mm2 : Pna21 |
| Polloneite | AgPb46As26Sb23S120 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
| Rathite | Ag2Pb12-xTlx/2As18+x/2S40 | Mon. 2/m : P21/c |
| Sartorite | PbAs2S4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| Twinnite | Pb0.8Tl0.1Sb1.3As0.8S4 | Mon. 2/m |
| Veenite | Pb16Sb9-xAs7+xS40, x ~ 0-0.5 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 28 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| 21 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with Pyrite | FeS2 |
| 11 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with Realgar | As4S4 |
| 11 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with Jordanite | Pb14As6S23 |
| 5 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with Lengenbachite | Ag4Cu2Pb18As12S39 |
| 5 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with Sphalerite | ZnS |
| 4 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with Seligmannite | PbCuAsS3 |
| 4 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S |
| 4 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with Pararealgar | As4S4 |
| 3 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with Sartorite | PbAs2S4 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.HC. | Bernarlottiite | Pb6(As5Sb3)S18 |
| 2.HC. | Huntingdonite | Pb19Sb16As6S51Cl2 |
| 2.HC. | Moiraite | Pb12Sb8As8S36 |
| 2.HC.05f | Parapierrotite | TlSb5S8 |
| 2.HC.05g | Marumoite | Pb32As40S92 |
| 2.HC.05b | Baumhauerite II | |
| 2.HC.05d | Rathite | Ag2Pb12-xTlx/2As18+x/2S40 |
| 2.HC.05e | Heptasartorite | Tl7Pb22As55S108 |
| 2.HC.05e | Hendekasartorite | Tl2Pb48As82S172 |
| 2.HC.05b | Argentobaumhauerite | Ag1.5Pb22As33.5S72 |
| 2.HC.05c | Argentoliveingite | Ag3+xPb36-2xAs51+xS112 |
| 2.HC.05b | Baumhauerite | Pb12As16S36 |
| 2.HC.05d | Veenite | Pb16Sb9-xAs7+xS40, x ~ 0-0.5 |
| 2.HC.05e | Dekatriasartorite | TlPb58As97S204 |
| 2.HC.05a | Hyršlite | Pb8As10Sb6S32 |
| 2.HC.05e | Incomsartorite | Tl6Pb144As246S516 |
| 2.HC.05c | Liveingite | Pb20As24S56 |
| 2.HC.05c | Johnjamborite | Pb14Sb8.5As7.5S38 |
| 2.HC.05f | Pierrotite | Tl2(Sb,As)10S16 |
| 2.HC.05d | Rathite-IV | PbAs2S4 |
| 2.HC.05d | Argentodufrénoysite | Ag3Pb26As35S80 |
| 2.HC.05e | Écrinsite | AgTl3Pb4As11Sb9S36 |
| 2.HC.05a | Sartorite | PbAs2S4 |
| 2.HC.05a | Twinnite | Pb0.8Tl0.1Sb1.3As0.8S4 |
| 2.HC.05f | Philrothite | TlAs3S5 |
| 2.HC.05h | Polloneite | AgPb46As26Sb23S120 |
| 2.HC.05a | Guettardite | Pb8(Sb0.56As0.44)16S32 |
| 2.HC.10a | Fülöppite | Pb3Sb8S15 |
| 2.HC.10d | Semseyite | Pb9Sb8S21 |
| 2.HC.10d | Rayite | Pb8(Ag,Tl)2Sb8S21 |
| 2.HC.10c | Heteromorphite | Pb7Sb8S19 |
| 2.HC.10b | Plagionite | Pb5Sb8S17 |
| 2.HC.15 | Falkmanite | Pb3Sb2S6 |
| 2.HC.15 | Boulangerite | Pb5Sb4S11 |
| 2.HC.20 | Robinsonite | Pb4Sb6S13 |
| 2.HC.25 | Moëloite | Pb6Sb6S14(S3) |
| 2.HC.30 | Dadsonite | Pb23Sb25S60Cl |
| 2.HC.35 | Zoubekite | AgPb4Sb4S10 |
| 2.HC.35 | Proto-owyheeite | Ag9Pb40Sb45S112 |
| 2.HC.35 | Owyheeite | Ag3Pb10Sb11S28 |
| 2.HC.40 | Parasterryite | Ag4Pb20Sb14As10S58 |
| 2.HC.50 | Lopatkaite | Pb5Sb3AsS11 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Dufrénoysite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1324.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Dufrénoysite
Reference List:
Solly, R. H. (1912) Description of large crystals of Seligmannite and Dufrenoysite. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 16 (76) 282-286 doi:10.1180/minmag.1912.016.76.05
Marumo, F., Nowacki, W. (1967) The crystal structure of dufrenoysite, Pb16As16S40. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 124 (6) 409-419 doi:10.1524/zkri.1967.124.6.409
Ribár, B., Nicca, Ch., Nowacki, W. (1969) Dreidimensionale Verfeinerung der Kristallstruktur von Dufrenoysit, Pb8As8S20. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 130 (1). 15-40 doi:10.1524/zkri.1969.130.1-6.15
Walia, D. S., Chang, L. L. Y. (1973) Investigations in the systems PbS-Sb2S3-As2S3 and PbS-Bi2S3-As2S3. The Canadian Mineralogist, 12 (2) 113-119
Pring, Allan (1990) Disordered intergrowths in lead-arsenic sulfide minerals and the paragenesis of the sartorite-group minerals. American Mineralogist, 75 (3-4) 289-294
Localities for Dufrénoysite
Showing 43 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Armenia | |
| Kukulyan (1987) |
Australia | |
| Muller (1972) +1 other reference |
Austria | |
| Paar et al. (1978) +1 other reference |
| Kolitsch et al. (2026) |
Canada | |
| Harris et al. (1988) |
| Sabina (1991) | |
| Barrick Gold Corporation | |
China | |
| Zhengping Hao (1988) |
| Fuchang Ni (1985) |
| Jiajun Liu et al. (2010) |
Ethiopia | |
| Cook et al. (2000) |
Ireland | |
| de Haller |
Italy | |
| Graeser et al. (1981) +2 other references |
Japan | |
| Matsubara et al. (2000) +1 other reference |
Mexico | |
| Wilson et al. (1986) |
New Zealand | |
| Railton et al. (1990) |
Norway | |
| Cook et al. (1998) |
Papua New Guinea | |
| Moss et al. (2001) |
| R Moss 2000. GEOCHEMISTRY AND ... | |
Peru | |
| Kampf et al. (2011) |
| Pérez-Puig Obieta et al. (2013) |
Romania | |
| Ciobanu et al. (2004) |
Russia | |
| Nordgold |
| Kasatkin et al. (2020) +1 other reference |
Switzerland (TL) | |
| Damour (1845) +2 other references |
| Kolitsch et al. (1996) | |
| Most recent: Gea 1993/04 p.137 with ... |
| 50. (in German) +3 other references | |
UK | |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
USA | |
| Univ. of AZ Bull. 41 (1916-17) +1 other reference |
| Hanks (1884) +1 other reference |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Ream (1995) |
| Ream (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Chamberlain et al. (2013) |
| Chamberlain et al. (2023) | |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Dana 6: 1093. | |
| Dana 6:1092-1093. |
| Dana 6: 1092. |
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Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld, Binn, Goms, Valais, Switzerland