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Ferroceladonite

A valid IMA mineral species
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06908970017271928655155.jpg
Ferroceladonite, etc.

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
02907650017271928692415.jpg
Ferroceladonite

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
02687430017271928721062.jpg
Ferroceladonite, etc.

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
06908970017271928655155.jpg
Ferroceladonite, etc.

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
02907650017271928692415.jpg
Ferroceladonite

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
02687430017271928721062.jpg
Ferroceladonite, etc.

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
06908970017271928655155.jpg
Ferroceladonite, etc.

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
02907650017271928692415.jpg
Ferroceladonite

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
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About FerroceladoniteHide

Formula:
K(Fe2+Fe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
Colour:
Greenish, bluish green
Lustre:
Waxy, Dull, Earthy
Hardness:
2 - 2½
Specific Gravity:
3.05 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in 1997 by Gejing Li, Donald Ralph Peacor, Douglas S. Coombs, and Yosuke Kawachi for its composition as the ferrous analog of celedonite (from the French "céladon" (sea-green)).
Mica Group.

The iron(II) analogue of celadonite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
6935
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:6935:5

IMA Classification of FerroceladoniteHide

Classification of FerroceladoniteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
9.EC.15

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
C : Phyllosilicates with mica sheets, composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
FcelIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
FcelWhitney & Evans (2010)Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371
FcelWarr (2020)Warr, L.N. (2020) Recommended abbreviations for the names of clay minerals and associated phases. Clay Minerals, 55, 261–264 doi:10.1180/clm.2020.30

Pronunciation of FerroceladoniteHide

Pronunciation:
PlayRecorded byCountry
Jolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of FerroceladoniteHide

Lustre:
Waxy, Dull, Earthy
Transparency:
Translucent, Opaque
Colour:
Greenish, bluish green
Streak:
Pale gray to pale gray green
Hardness:
2 - 2½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Flexible
Cleavage:
Perfect
(001)
Fracture:
Micaceous
Comment:
Visible flakes have a micaceous break while fine-grained masses may be "waxy" to powdery
Density:
3.05 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of FerroceladoniteHide

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nβ = 1.640 n = 1.640
Surface Relief:
High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).

This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral colouration.
In focus
Dispersion:
relatively weak
Optical Extinction:
Z // (001)
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X = pale green Z = blue green,

Chemistry of FerroceladoniteHide

Mindat Formula:
K(Fe2+Fe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
Element Weights:
Element% weight
O41.999 %
Si24.575 %
Fe24.432 %
K8.553 %
H0.441 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
O
Si
Fe
K
H
Elements listed:
Fe, H, K, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of FerroceladoniteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.270 Å, b = 9.106 Å, c = 10.125 Å
β = 100.27°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.579 : 1 : 1.112
Unit Cell V:
478.10 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Waxy to earthy fine-grained dense masses.
Comment:
Original reference Z=2 a typographical error

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
10.0 Å(40)
4.55 Å(32)
4.37 Å(30)
4.14 Å(35)
3.65 Å(52)
3.358 Å(86)
3.321 Å(100)
3.090 Å(60)
2.91 Å(40)
2.671 Å(48)
2.607 Å(40)
2.584 Å(50)
2.41 Å(35)
2.155 Å(33)
1.660 Å(40)
1.519 Å(40)
Comments:
Data for 1M polytype

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere>4.45
16 : Low-? aqueous alteration of Hadean subaerial lithologies (see also #23)
Near-surface Processes
22 : Hydration and low-? subsurface aqueous alteration (see also #23)
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals]

Type Occurrence of FerroceladoniteHide

Synonyms of FerroceladoniteHide

Other Language Names for FerroceladoniteHide

Relationship of Ferroceladonite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Celadonite Subgroup > Dioctahedral mica Group > Mica Group
Other Members of Celadonite Subgroup:
AluminoceladoniteK(MgAl◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
ChromceladoniteK(MgCr◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2 : B2
FerroaluminoceladoniteK(Fe2+Al◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
ManganiceladoniteK(MgMn3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.
'Unnamed (V-analogue of Celadonite)'K(MgV◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
7 photos of Ferroceladonite associated with ElpiditeNa2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2O
7 photos of Ferroceladonite associated with MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
5 photos of Ferroceladonite associated with Alicewilsonite-(YCe)Na2Sr2YCe(CO3)6 · 3H2O
5 photos of Ferroceladonite associated with Parisite-(Ce)CaCe2(CO3)3F2
5 photos of Ferroceladonite associated with AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
5 photos of Ferroceladonite associated with 'Smoky Quartz'SiO2
3 photos of Ferroceladonite associated with Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
3 photos of Ferroceladonite associated with Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
3 photos of Ferroceladonite associated with HisingeriteFe3+2(Si2O5)(OH)4 · 2H2O
2 photos of Ferroceladonite associated with Birnessite(Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

9.EC.MeifuiteKFe6(Si7Al)O19(OH)4Cl2Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.BalestraiteKLi2V5+Si4O12Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.VoloshiniteRb(LiAl1.5◻0.5)(Al0.5Si3.5)O10F2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.05TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.05MinnesotaiteFe2+3Si4O10(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.05WillemseiteNi3Si4O10(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.10FluorluanshiweiiteKLiAl1.5(Si3.5Al0.5)O10F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.10GarmiteCsLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon.
9.EC.10GorbunoviteCsLi2(Ti,Fe)Si4O10(F,OH,O)2Mon.
9.EC.10FerripyrophylliteFe3+Si2O5(OH)Mon. 2/m
9.EC.10ManganiceladoniteK(MgMn3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.10LuanshiweiiteKLiAl1.5(Si3.5Al0.5)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.10PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2Tric. 1
9.EC.15ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.15FerroaluminoceladoniteK(Fe2+Al◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15NanpingiteCsAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15GanteriteBa0.5(Na,K)0.5Al2(Si2.5Al1.5)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15KreiteriteCsLi2Fe3+(Si4O10)F2Mon.
9.EC.15RoscoeliteKV3+2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15AluminoceladoniteK(MgAl◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15Tobelite(NH4)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15ChromceladoniteK(MgCr◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.15MontdoriteKFe2+1.5Mn2+0.5Mg0.5Si4O10(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15ChromphylliteKCr2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15BoromuscoviteKAl2(BSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m
9.EC.15'UM1988-22-SiO:AlCaFFeHKLiMg'KLiMgAl2Si3O10F2Mon.
9.EC.15Chernykhite(Ba,Na)(V3+,Al,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.15MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20MasutomiliteK(LiAlMn2+)[AlSi3O10]F2Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.20OxyphlogopiteK(Mg,Ti,Fe)3[(Si,Al)4O10](O,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20'Chloroferrokinoshitalite'(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(Cl,OH,F)2
9.EC.20SiderophylliteKFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.20SokolovaiteCsLi2Al(Si4O10)F2Mon.
9.EC.20HendricksiteKZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20FluoranniteKFe2+3(Si3Al)O10F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20AspidoliteNaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20Suhailite(NH4)Fe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20EphesiteNaLiAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.20NorrishiteKLiMn3+2(Si4O10)O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20YangzhumingiteKMg2.5(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20OrloviteKLi2Ti(Si4O10)OFMon. 2 : B2
9.EC.20TetraferrianniteKFe2+3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20ShirokshiniteK(NaMg2)(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20TrilithioniteK(Li1.5Al1.5)(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20PolylithioniteKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20ShirozuliteKMn2+3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20PreiswerkiteNaMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20FluorophlogopiteKMg3(Si3Al)O10F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20Wonesite(Na,K,◻)(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH,F)4Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20'UM2004-49-SiO:AlCsFHKLi'(Cs,K)(Al,Li)2.6((Si,Al)4O10)(F,OH)2
9.EC.20FluorotetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20AnniteKFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20EastoniteKMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.22'Pimelite'Ni3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2OHex.
9.EC.30MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.35Kinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Mg,Mn2+,Al)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35Ferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35ClintoniteCaAlMg2(SiAl3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35Oxykinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Mg,Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(O,OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35FluorokinoshitaliteBaMg3(Al2Si2O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35BityiteCaLiAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.35Anandite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3((Si,Al,Fe)4O10)(S,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.40Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.40Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.40VolkonskoiteCa0.3(Cr,Mg,Fe)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.40NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.40Kurumsakite(Zn,Ni,Cu)8Al8V5+2Si5O35 · 27H2O (?)Orth.
9.EC.40Yakhontovite(Ca,Na)0.5(Cu,Fe,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · 3H2OMon.
9.EC.45SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.45HectoriteNa0.3(Mg,Li)3(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.45ZincsiliteZn3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2O (?)Mon.
9.EC.45HanjiangiteBa2CaV3+Al(H2AlSi3O12)(CO3)2FMon. 2 : B2
9.EC.45SpadaiteMgSiO2(OH)2 · H2O (?)
9.EC.45FerrosaponiteCa0.3(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.45Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.45SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.45SauconiteNa0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.50VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2OMon. 2/m
9.EC.52'Tarasovite'near NaKAl11Si13O40(OH)9 · 3H2O
9.EC.55ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.55Borocookeite(LiAl4◻)[BSi3O10](OH)8Mon. m : Bb
9.EC.55FranklinfurnaceiteCa2Fe3+Mn2+3Mn3+(Zn2Si2O10)(OH)8Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.55PennantiteMn2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Tric.
9.EC.55VakhrushevaiteMg5Cr(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Tric. 1
9.EC.55NimiteNi5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.55Cookeite(LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8Mon. 2/m
9.EC.55GonyeriteMn2+5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8Orth.
9.EC.55ChamositeFe2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.55'Orthochamosite'(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)8
9.EC.55BaileychloreZn5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Tric. 1
9.EC.55SudoiteMg2Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.55GlagoleviteNa(Mg,Al)6(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)8Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.55DonbassiteAl4.33(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.60DozyiteMg7Al2(Al2Si4O15)(OH)12Mon.
9.EC.60Rectorite(Na,Ca)Al4((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 2H2OMon.
9.EC.60Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2OOrth.
9.EC.60AliettiteCa0.2Mg6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.60Karpinskite(Ni,Mg)2Si2O5(OH)2 (?)Mon.
9.EC.60LunijianlaiteLi0.7Al6.2(AlSi7O20)(OH,O)10Mon.
9.EC.60TosuditeNa0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2OMon. 2 : B2
9.EC.60HydrobiotiteK(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.60Saliotite(Li,Na)Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)5Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.60KulkeiteMg8Al(AlSi7O20)(OH)10Mon.
9.EC.60BrinrobertsiteNa0.3Al4(Si4O10)2(OH)4 · 3.5 H2OMon.
9.EC.65Macaulayite(Fe,Al)24Si4O43(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.70BurckhardtitePb2(Fe3+Te6+)[AlSi3O8]O6Trig. 3m(32/m) : P31m
9.EC.75Niksergievite(Ba,Ca)2Al3(AlSi3O10)(CO3)(OH)6 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.75Ferrisurite(Pb,Ca)2.4Fe3+2(Si4O10)(CO3)1.7(OH)3 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.75Surite(Pb,Ca)3(Al,Fe2+,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(CO3)2(OH)2Mon. 2 : P21
9.EC.80KegelitePb8Al4(Si8O20)(SO4)2(CO3)4(OH)8Mon.

RadioactivityHide

Radioactivity:
Element % Content Activity (Bq/kg) Radiation Type
Uranium (U) 0.0000% 0 α, ÎČ, Îł
Thorium (Th) 0.0000% 0 α, ÎČ, Îł
Potassium (K) 8.5528% 2,651 ÎČ, Îł

For comparison:

  • Banana: ~15 Bq per fruit
  • Granite: 1,000–3,000 Bq/kg
  • EU exemption limit: 10,000 Bq/kg

Note: Risk is shown relative to daily recommended maximum exposure to non-background radiation of 1000 ”Sv/year. Note that natural background radiation averages around 2400 ”Sv/year so in reality these risks are probably extremely overstated! With infrequent handling and safe storage natural radioactive minerals do not usually pose much risk.

Interactive Simulator:

Note: The mass selector refers to the mass of radioactive mineral present, not the full specimen, also be aware that the matrix may also be radioactive, possibly more radioactive than this mineral!

Activity: –

DistanceDose rateRisk
1 cm
10 cm
1 m

The external dose rate (D) from a radioactive mineral is estimated by summing the gamma radiation contributions from its Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium content, disregarding daughter-product which may have a significant effect in some cases (eg 'pitchblende'). This involves multiplying the activity (A, in Bq) of each element by its specific gamma ray constant (Γ), which accounts for its unique gamma emissions. The total unshielded dose at 1 cm is then scaled by the square of the distance (r, in cm) and multiplied by a shielding factor (μshield). This calculation provides a 'worst-case' or 'maximum risk' estimate because it assumes the sample is a point source and entirely neglects any self-shielding where radiation is absorbed within the mineral itself, meaning actual doses will typically be lower. The resulting dose rate (D) is expressed in microsieverts per hour (μSv/h).

D = ((AU × ΓU) + (ATh × ΓTh) + (AK × ΓK)) / r2 × μshield

Fluorescence of FerroceladoniteHide

In UV light:
Not fluorescent in UV

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for FerroceladoniteHide

References for FerroceladoniteHide

Localities for FerroceladoniteHide

Showing 15 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Canada
 
  • QuĂ©bec
    • MontĂ©rĂ©gie
      • La VallĂ©e-du-Richelieu RCM
        • Mont Saint-Hilaire
HORVÁTH et al. (2000) +1 other reference
      • Lajemmerais RCM
        • Varennes & St-Amable
          • Saint-Amable sill
HORVÁTH (2010)
    • MontrĂ©al
      • MontrĂ©al-Est
HorvĂĄth Collection - confirmed by XRD
Indian Ocean
 
Maciąg et al. (2019)
Italy
 
  • Liguria
    • La Spezia Province
      • Borghetto di Vara
analysed by Dr. Anthony Kampf +1 other reference
Namibia
 
  • Khomas Region
    • Windhoek Rural
      • Aris
Blass et al. (2014) +3 other references
Nazca Plate
 
Zawadzki et al. (2022)
New Zealand
 
  • Canterbury Region
    • Ashburton District
      • Rangitata Valley
J. Thornton in Micro-Scope
  • Southland Region
    • Southland District
Li et al. (1997)
Russia
 
  • Murmansk Oblast
Pekov et al. (2004)
  • Sverdlovsk Oblast
    • Serovsky District
      • Turya river
        • Tur'insk
Kasatkin et al. (2021)
UK
 
  • England
    • Somerset
      • Mendip
        • Cranmore
Turner et al. (2010)
USA
 
  • Arkansas
    • Saline County
      • Granite Mountain complex
        • Sweet Home
HorvĂĄth Collection - confirmed by XRD
  • California
    • San Bernardino County
      • Ludlow (Stagg)
Hawley et al. (1960)
  • Virginia
    • Augusta County
      • West Augusta
Robin D. Tibbit (deceased)
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