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Aspidolite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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08299800017272470954492.png
Aspidolite

Kasuga mine, Ibigawa-cho, Ibi District, Gifu Prefecture, Japan
08299800017272470954492.png
Aspidolite

Kasuga mine, Ibigawa-cho, Ibi District, Gifu Prefecture, Japan
08299800017272470954492.png
Aspidolite

Kasuga mine, Ibigawa-cho, Ibi District, Gifu Prefecture, Japan
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About AspidoliteHide

Formula:
NaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Colour:
Light brown, white, greenish red
Hardness:
2 - 3
Specific Gravity:
2.885 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in 1869 by Franz von Kobell from the Greek Î±ÏƒÏ€ÎŻÎŽÎ± ("aspida"), "a shield", and Î»ÎŻÎžÎżÏ‚ ("lithos"), "stone", alluding to the appearance of its crystals (Zillertal). First formal description was by Banno et al. in (2005).
The Na analogue of phlogopite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
27494
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:27494:8

Similar NamesHide

AspideliteA synonym of Titanite
AspidolitaA synonym of Biotite

IMA Classification of AspidoliteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
NaMg3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2
Approval year:
2004

Classification of AspidoliteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
9.EC.20

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
C : Phyllosilicates with mica sheets, composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
Dana 7th ed.:
71.2.2.13

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
AspIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
AspThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download
AspWarr (2020)Warr, L.N. (2020) Recommended abbreviations for the names of clay minerals and associated phases. Clay Minerals, 55, 261–264 doi:10.1180/clm.2020.30

Physical Properties of AspidoliteHide

Colour:
Light brown, white, greenish red
Streak:
White
Hardness:
2 - 3 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Elastic
Cleavage:
Perfect
(001)
Density:
2.885 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of AspidoliteHide

Type:
Biaxial (-)
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X = colourless with yellowish tint and
Y = Z = pale yellowish brown

Chemistry of AspidoliteHide

Mindat Formula:
NaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Element Weights:
Element% weight
O47.860 %
Si21.004 %
Mg18.176 %
Al6.726 %
Na5.731 %
H0.503 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
O
Si
Mg
Al
Na
H
Elements listed:
Al, H, Mg, Na, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of AspidoliteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.291 Å, b = 9.16 Å, c = 10.12 Å
β = 105.1°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.578 : 1 : 1.105
Unit Cell V:
473.54 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Comment:
. Aspidolite-1M is monoclinic, space group C2/m and Z = 2; aspidolite-1A is triclinic, space group C1Å and Z = 2

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
9.77 Å(100)
4.59 Å(25)
3.26 Å(50)
2.61 Å(100)
2.55 Å(25)
2.45 Å(20)
2.19 Å(20)
Locality:
Kasuga mine, Ibigawa-cho, Ibi District, Gifu Prefecture, Japan
Comments:
From type description

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration4.566-4.550
6 : Secondary asteroid phases4.566-4.560
Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust>4.50
7 : Ultramafic igneous rocks
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks>3.0
36 : Carbonatites, kimberlites, and related igneous rocks
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics<3.5-2.5
40 : Regional metamorphism (greenschist, amphibolite, granulite facies)
Geological Setting:
were also found in igneous rocks. They occur as inclusions in chromites of mafic layered intrusions and ophiolite complexes

Type Occurrence of AspidoliteHide

Co-Type Localities:
ⓘ Zillertal, Schwaz District, Tyrol, Austria
ⓘ Kasuga mine, Ibigawa-cho, Ibi District, Gifu Prefecture, Japan
General Appearance of Type Material:
Interleaved with phlogopite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
The type specimens of aspidolite have been deposited at the Geological Museum, Geological Survey of Japan, AIST, Tsukuba, under the registered number GSJ M35151-4 and
National Science Museum, Tokyo, under thecatalogue no. NSM-28719.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Contact aureole.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
'Apatite'CalciteChalcopyritePargasitePhlogopite
PyrrhotiteSadanagaite'Scapolite'Titanite

Synonyms of AspidoliteHide

Other Language Names for AspidoliteHide

Relationship of Aspidolite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Trioctahedral mica Group > Mica Group
Other Members of Trioctahedral mica:
BalestraiteKLi2V5+Si4O12Mon. 2 : B2
BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
EphesiteNaLiAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
GarmiteCsLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon.
HendricksiteKZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
KreiteriteCsLi2Fe3+(Si4O10)F2Mon.
LepidoliteA field name for the group of Li-rich micas in, or close to, the so-called Polylithionite-Trilithionite ...
MasutomiliteK(LiAlMn2+)[AlSi3O10]F2Mon. 2 : B2
NorrishiteKLiMn3+2(Si4O10)O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
OrloviteKLi2Ti(Si4O10)OFMon. 2 : B2
PreiswerkiteNaMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
ShirokshiniteK(NaMg2)(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
ShirozuliteKMn2+3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
SokolovaiteCsLi2Al(Si4O10)F2Mon.
Suhailite(NH4)Fe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
Wonesite(Na,K,◻)(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH,F)4Mon. 2/m : B2/m
'Zinnwaldite'Mica Group.

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

9.EC.MeifuiteKFe6(Si7Al)O19(OH)4Cl2Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.BalestraiteKLi2V5+Si4O12Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.VoloshiniteRb(LiAl1.5◻0.5)(Al0.5Si3.5)O10F2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.05TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.05MinnesotaiteFe2+3Si4O10(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.05WillemseiteNi3Si4O10(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.10FluorluanshiweiiteKLiAl1.5(Si3.5Al0.5)O10F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.10GarmiteCsLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon.
9.EC.10GorbunoviteCsLi2(Ti,Fe)Si4O10(F,OH,O)2Mon.
9.EC.10FerripyrophylliteFe3+Si2O5(OH)Mon. 2/m
9.EC.10ManganiceladoniteK(MgMn3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.10LuanshiweiiteKLiAl1.5(Si3.5Al0.5)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.10PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2Tric. 1
9.EC.15ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.15FerroaluminoceladoniteK(Fe2+Al◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15NanpingiteCsAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15FerroceladoniteK(Fe2+Fe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15GanteriteBa0.5(Na,K)0.5Al2(Si2.5Al1.5)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15KreiteriteCsLi2Fe3+(Si4O10)F2Mon.
9.EC.15RoscoeliteKV3+2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15AluminoceladoniteK(MgAl◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15Tobelite(NH4)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15ChromceladoniteK(MgCr◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.15MontdoriteKFe2+1.5Mn2+0.5Mg0.5Si4O10(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15ChromphylliteKCr2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15BoromuscoviteKAl2(BSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m
9.EC.15'UM1988-22-SiO:AlCaFFeHKLiMg'KLiMgAl2Si3O10F2Mon.
9.EC.15Chernykhite(Ba,Na)(V3+,Al,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.15MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20MasutomiliteK(LiAlMn2+)[AlSi3O10]F2Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.20OxyphlogopiteK(Mg,Ti,Fe)3[(Si,Al)4O10](O,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20'Chloroferrokinoshitalite'(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(Cl,OH,F)2
9.EC.20SiderophylliteKFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.20SokolovaiteCsLi2Al(Si4O10)F2Mon.
9.EC.20HendricksiteKZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20FluoranniteKFe2+3(Si3Al)O10F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20Suhailite(NH4)Fe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20EphesiteNaLiAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.20NorrishiteKLiMn3+2(Si4O10)O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20YangzhumingiteKMg2.5(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20OrloviteKLi2Ti(Si4O10)OFMon. 2 : B2
9.EC.20TetraferrianniteKFe2+3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20ShirokshiniteK(NaMg2)(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20TrilithioniteK(Li1.5Al1.5)(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20PolylithioniteKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20ShirozuliteKMn2+3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20PreiswerkiteNaMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20FluorophlogopiteKMg3(Si3Al)O10F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20Wonesite(Na,K,◻)(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH,F)4Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20'UM2004-49-SiO:AlCsFHKLi'(Cs,K)(Al,Li)2.6((Si,Al)4O10)(F,OH)2
9.EC.20FluorotetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20AnniteKFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20EastoniteKMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.22'Pimelite'Ni3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2OHex.
9.EC.30MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.35Kinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Mg,Mn2+,Al)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35Ferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35ClintoniteCaAlMg2(SiAl3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35Oxykinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Mg,Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(O,OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35FluorokinoshitaliteBaMg3(Al2Si2O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35BityiteCaLiAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.35Anandite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3((Si,Al,Fe)4O10)(S,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.40Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.40Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.40VolkonskoiteCa0.3(Cr,Mg,Fe)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.40NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.40Kurumsakite(Zn,Ni,Cu)8Al8V5+2Si5O35 · 27H2O (?)Orth.
9.EC.40Yakhontovite(Ca,Na)0.5(Cu,Fe,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · 3H2OMon.
9.EC.45SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.45HectoriteNa0.3(Mg,Li)3(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.45ZincsiliteZn3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2O (?)Mon.
9.EC.45HanjiangiteBa2CaV3+Al(H2AlSi3O12)(CO3)2FMon. 2 : B2
9.EC.45SpadaiteMgSiO2(OH)2 · H2O (?)
9.EC.45FerrosaponiteCa0.3(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.45Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.45SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.45SauconiteNa0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.50VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2OMon. 2/m
9.EC.52'Tarasovite'near NaKAl11Si13O40(OH)9 · 3H2O
9.EC.55ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.55Borocookeite(LiAl4◻)[BSi3O10](OH)8Mon. m : Bb
9.EC.55FranklinfurnaceiteCa2Fe3+Mn2+3Mn3+(Zn2Si2O10)(OH)8Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.55PennantiteMn2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Tric.
9.EC.55VakhrushevaiteMg5Cr(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Tric. 1
9.EC.55NimiteNi5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.55Cookeite(LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8Mon. 2/m
9.EC.55GonyeriteMn2+5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8Orth.
9.EC.55ChamositeFe2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.55'Orthochamosite'(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)8
9.EC.55BaileychloreZn5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Tric. 1
9.EC.55SudoiteMg2Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.55GlagoleviteNa(Mg,Al)6(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)8Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.55DonbassiteAl4.33(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.60DozyiteMg7Al2(Al2Si4O15)(OH)12Mon.
9.EC.60Rectorite(Na,Ca)Al4((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 2H2OMon.
9.EC.60Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2OOrth.
9.EC.60AliettiteCa0.2Mg6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.60Karpinskite(Ni,Mg)2Si2O5(OH)2 (?)Mon.
9.EC.60LunijianlaiteLi0.7Al6.2(AlSi7O20)(OH,O)10Mon.
9.EC.60TosuditeNa0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2OMon. 2 : B2
9.EC.60HydrobiotiteK(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.60Saliotite(Li,Na)Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)5Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.60KulkeiteMg8Al(AlSi7O20)(OH)10Mon.
9.EC.60BrinrobertsiteNa0.3Al4(Si4O10)2(OH)4 · 3.5 H2OMon.
9.EC.65Macaulayite(Fe,Al)24Si4O43(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.70BurckhardtitePb2(Fe3+Te6+)[AlSi3O8]O6Trig. 3m(32/m) : P31m
9.EC.75Niksergievite(Ba,Ca)2Al3(AlSi3O10)(CO3)(OH)6 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.75Ferrisurite(Pb,Ca)2.4Fe3+2(Si4O10)(CO3)1.7(OH)3 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.75Surite(Pb,Ca)3(Al,Fe2+,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(CO3)2(OH)2Mon. 2 : P21
9.EC.80KegelitePb8Al4(Si8O20)(SO4)2(CO3)4(OH)8Mon.

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for AspidoliteHide

References for AspidoliteHide

Reference List:
von Kobell, F. (1869): Sitzungsber. königl. bayer. Akad. Wiss, (I), 364-366.
Hintze, C. (1897): Handbuch der Mineralogie.
Schreyer, W., Abraham, K., Kulke, H. (1980) Natural sodium phlogopite coexisting with potassium phlogopite and sodian aluminian talc in a metamorphic evaporite sequence from Derrag, Tell Atlas, Algeria. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 74 (3) 223-233 doi:10.1007/bf00371692
Rieder, M., Cavazzini, G., D’Yakonov, Y.S., Frank-Kamenetskii, V.A., Gottardt, G., Guggenheim, S., Koval, P.V., Muller, G., Neiva, A.M.R., Radoslovich, E.W., Robert, J.L., Sassi, F.P., Takeda, H., Weiss, Z., Wones, D.R. (1998) Nomenclature of the micas. The Canadian Mineralogist, 36 (3) 905-912
Costa, Fidel, Dungan, Michael A., Singer, Brad S. (2001) Magmatic Na-rich phlogopite in a suite of gabbroic crustal xenoliths from VolcĂĄn San Pedro, Chilean Andes: Evidence for a solvus relation between phlogopite and aspidolite. American Mineralogist, 86 (1) 29-35 doi:10.2138/am-2001-0104
Kogure, Toshihiro, Banno, Yasuyuki, Miyawaki, Ritsuro (2004) Interlayer structure in aspidolite, the Na analogue of phlogopite. European Journal of Mineralogy, 16 (6) 891-897 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2004/0016-0891
Banno, Y., Miyawaki, R., Kogure, T., Matsubara, S., Kamiya, T., Yamada, S. (2005) Aspidolite, the Na analogue of phlogopite, from Kasuga-mura, Gifu Prefecture, central Japan: description and structural data. Mineralogical Magazine, 69 (6) 1047-1057 doi:10.1180/0026461056960307
BANNO, Yasuyuki (2007) Description of magnesiosadanagaite and aspidolite, two newly approved mineral species. Japanese Magazine of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, 36 (6) 187-189 doi:10.2465/gkk.36.187
Belley, Philippe M., O'Neil, Jonathan, Hattori, Keiko (2016) Spinel and Aspidolite from the Des CÚdres Dam Occurrence, Notre-Dame-du-Laus, Québec, Canada. Rocks & Minerals, 91 (5) 448-452 doi:10.1080/00357529.2016.1113465
(2021) Aspidolite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for AspidoliteHide

Showing 22 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Algeria
 
  • In Guezzam Province
    • In Guezzam District
      • Laouni
C. Lemanski (re-entry lost Mindat data)
  • MĂ©dĂ©a Province
    • Aziz District
      • Derrag
Schreyer et al. (1980)
Angola
 
  • HuĂ­la Province
    • Quilengues
Amores-Casals et al. (2019)
Austria (TL)
 
  • Tyrol
    • Schwaz District
von Kobell (1869) +1 other reference
Canada
 
  • QuĂ©bec
    • Laurentides
      • Antoine-Labelle RCM
        • Notre-Dame-du-Laus
Belley et al. (2016)
Chile
 
  • Maule
    • San Pedro volcano
Costa et al. (2001)
China
 
  • Xinjiang
    • Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture
      • Tacheng Prefecture (Tarbaghatay Prefecture)
        • Junggar Basin
Peng et al. (1995)
        • Tuoli Co. (Toli Co.)
          • Sartohay (Sartokay; Sartuohai; Saertuohai)
Wen et al. (2024)
Egypt
 
  • Red Sea Governorate
Khedr et al. (2020)
Europe
 
  • Bohemian Massif
    • Moldanubian Zone (Moldanubicum; Moldanubian)
ZelinkovĂĄ et al. (2022)
Greece
 
  • Central Macedonia
    • Imathia
Tsoupas et al. (2021)
Italy
 
  • Liguria
    • Genoa
      • Castiglione Chiavarese
Marchesini et al. (2025)
Japan (TL)
 
  • Gifu Prefecture
    • Ibi District
      • Ibigawa-cho
Banno et al. (2005) +1 other reference
  • Hokkaidƍ Prefecture
    • Okhotsk Subprefecture
      • Abashiri City
Arai et al. (2022)
Kazakhstan
 
  • Aktobe Region
    • Kargaly District
      • Kempirsai Cr deposit
Melcher et al. (1999)
New Zealand
 
  • Southland Region
    • Southland District
      • Orepuki
Lemanski (n.d.)
Pakistan
 
  • Azad Jammu and Kashmir
imported from Neelum Valley
Garnier et al. (2008)
Russia
 
  • Chechnya
    • Mekensk
  • Lake Baikal area
Kislov et al. (2020)
  • Sverdlovsk Oblast
    • Nizhnii Tagil
      • Nizhnetagilskii massif (Nizhne-Tagilskii)
Anikina et al. (2014)
Vietnam
 
  • YĂȘn BĂĄi Province
    • LỄc YĂȘn District
Krivovichev et al. (2022)
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