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Glaucophane

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

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Photos of Glaucophane (136)Recorded Ages and Analyses Discuss Glaucophane

Glaucophane Gallery Search Photos of Glaucophane

Edit Glaucophane Add Synonym Edit CIF structures Clear Cache

Glaucophane

Rio Oremo, Chiavolino, Pollone, Biella Province, Piedmont, Italy

Glaucophane, etc.

Ward Creek [1], Cazadero, Coast Range, Sonoma County, California, USA

Glaucophane

Rio Oremo, Chiavolino, Pollone, Biella Province, Piedmont, Italy

Glaucophane

Rio Oremo, Chiavolino, Pollone, Biella Province, Piedmont, Italy

Glaucophane, etc.

Ward Creek [1], Cazadero, Coast Range, Sonoma County, California, USA

Glaucophane

Rio Oremo, Chiavolino, Pollone, Biella Province, Piedmont, Italy

Glaucophane

Rio Oremo, Chiavolino, Pollone, Biella Province, Piedmont, Italy

Glaucophane, etc.

Ward Creek [1], Cazadero, Coast Range, Sonoma County, California, USA

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About GlaucophaneHide

Formula:

◻Na₂(Mg₃Al₂)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

Glaucophane is defined as a member of the glaucophane group with Mg>Fe²⁺ in the C²⁺ position and (OH) in the W position.

Colour:

Grey to lavender-blue.

Lustre:

Vitreous

Hardness:

5 - 6

Specific Gravity:

3.08 - 3.22

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Member of:

Glaucophane Root Name Group > Sodium Amphibole Subgroup > w(OH,F,Cl)-dominant Amphibole Group > Amphibole Supergroup

Name:

From the Greek γλαυκός (glaukos) for "sky-blue" and φαίνεσθαι (phainestai) "to appear", in allusion to its colour.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Syros, Syros-Ermoupoli, South Aegean, Greece

The Mg analogue of ferro-glaucophane with which it forms a series.
Also forms a series with riebeckite and magnesio-riebeckite.

Rocks consisting mainly of glaucophane are called glaucophanite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

1704

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:1704:2

IMA Classification of GlaucophaneHide

IMA status:

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

Type description reference:

Hausmann, J.F.L. (1845) Beiträge zur Oryktographie von Syra. Journal für Praktische Chemie 1845, 238-241.

Classification of GlaucophaneHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):

9.DE.25

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
E : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si₄O₁₁; Clinoamphiboles

Dana 8th ed.:

66.1.3c.1

66 : INOSILICATES Double-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=2)
1 : Amphiboles - Mg-Fe-Mn-Li subgroup

Hey's CIM Ref.:

16.20.1

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
20 : Aluminosilicates of Fe, Mg and alkalis

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

Symbol	Source	Reference for Standard
Gln	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
Gln	Kretz (1983)	Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279.
Gln	Siivolam & Schmid (2007)	Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download
Gln	Whitney & Evans (2010)	Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371
Gln	The Canadian Mineralogist (2019)	The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of GlaucophaneHide

Lustre:

Vitreous

Transparency:

Translucent

Colour:

Grey to lavender-blue.

Streak:

Pale grey to bluish-grey.

Hardness:

5 - 6 on Mohs scale

Tenacity:

Brittle

Cleavage:

Perfect
Perfect on {110}

Parting:

partings on {010}, {001}.

Fracture:

Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal

Density:

3.08 - 3.22 g/cm³ (Measured) 3.123 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of GlaucophaneHide

Type:

Biaxial (-)

RI values:

n_α = 1.606 - 1.637 n_β = 1.615 - 1.648 n_γ = 1.627 - 1.655

2V:

Measured: 10° to 80°, Calculated: 62° to 84°

Max. Birefringence:

δ = 0.018 - 0.021
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.

Thickness: 30 µm Order divisions

Rotation:

Surface Relief:

High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).

This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral colouration.

Focus:

In focus

Interference Figure:

This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure - the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are isogyres.

Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.

Thickness: 30 µm

Stage rotation: 0°

Dispersion:

strong

Pleochroism:

Strong

Comments:

X = yellow to colorless; Y = violet to lavender; Z = blue

Chemistry of GlaucophaneHide

Mindat Formula:

◻Na₂(Mg₃Al₂)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

Glaucophane is defined as a member of the glaucophane group with Mg>Fe²⁺ in the C²⁺ position and (OH) in the W position.

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
O	49.006 %
Si	28.675 %
Mg	9.306 %
Al	6.887 %
Na	5.868 %
H	0.257 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

Al, H, Mg, Na, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Common Impurities:

Li,Ti,Cr,Mn,Ca,K,F,Cl

Chemical AnalysisHide

Oxide wt%:

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
SiO₂	56.48 %	59.24 %	57.79 %	57.80 %	56.43 %	54.74 %	57.50 %	56.11 %	57.45 %
TiO₂	0.08 %	0.03 %	0.13 %	0.06 %		0.21 %		0.04 %	0.03 %
Cr₂O₃	0.07 %							0.04 %	0.00 %
Al₂O₃	9.53 %	11.61 %	12.94 %	13.91 %	10.35 %	10.64 %	9.69 %	10.75 %	12.29 %
MgO	7.9 %	13.01 %	12.25 %	17.32 %	11.70 %	11.51 %	10.86 %	10.28 %	13.78 %
CaO	0.7 %	0.3 %	0.64 %	0.60 %	1.49 %	2.74 %	1.37 %	1.31 %	1.77 %
MnO	0.05 %	0.08 %	0.15 %	0.05 %	0.05 %	0.05 %		0.13 %	0.03 %
FeO	16.04 %	3.68 %	5.88 %	0.89 %	10.20 %	11.16 %	10.77 %	11.95 %	4.88 %
Na₂O	7.02 %	7.47 %	8.64 %	5.89 %	7.03 %	6.71 %	6.73 %	6.79 %	6.87 %
K₂O	0.02 %	0.05 %	0.08 %	0.07 %	0.06 %	0.3 %		0.08 %	0.06 %
H₂O	2.10 %	2.22 %	2.22 %
Fe₂O₃		1.2 %
Total:	99.99 %	98.89 %	100.72 %	96.59 %	97.31 %	98.06 %	96.92 %	97.48 %	97.16 %

Empirical formulas:

Sample ID	Empirical Formula
7	Na_0.01 (Na_1.80Ca_0.20)_Σ2.00 ( Mg_2.24Fe²⁺_0.92Fe³⁺_0.33Al_1.52)_Σ5.01(Al_0.06Si_7.94)_Σ8.00O₂₂OH₂

Sample references:

ID	Locality	Reference	Notes
1	Akeyazhi River valley, Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, China	Gao, J., Klemd, R., Zhang, L., Wang, Z., & Xiao, X. (1999). PT path of high-pressure/low-temperature rocks and tectonic implications in the western Tianshan Mountains, NW China. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 17, 621-636.	Sample from blueschist
2	Sierra de las Minas, Motagua Valley, Guatemala	Harlow, G.E.; Sisson, V.B.; Sorensen, S.S. (2011) Jadeitite from Guatemala: new observations and distinctions among multiple occurrences. Geologica Acta, 9 (3-4). 363-387 doi:10.1344/105.000001694	Sample from jadeitite
3	Tianpu, Xin Co., Xinyang, Henan, China	Rolfo, F (2004) A coherent lithostratigraphic unit in the coesite–eclogite complex of Dabie Shan, China: geologic and petrologic evidence. Lithos, 73 (1) 71-94 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2003.10.008	Sample from the core of amphibole grains in jadeite bearing granofels.
4	Case Parigi, Martiniana Po, Cuneo Province, Piedmont, Italy	Schertl, H. -P., Schreyer, W., Chopin, C. (1991) The pyrope-coesite rocks and their country rocks at Parigi, Dora Maira Massif, Western Alps: detailed petrography, mineral chemistry and PT-path. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 108 (1) 1-21 doi:10.1007/bf00307322	Analyzed sample is a minute inclusion in pyrope from a coesite, phengite, pyrope whiteschist. Mineral analyses were performed by means of the Cameca electron microprobe (CAMEBAX) , using a wavelength-dispersive technique with PAP correction acceleration voltage 15 kV, beam current 15 nA, measuring time 20 s).
5	Roadcut Rv 5, Kvineset, Førde, Sunnfjord, Vestland, Norway	Krogh, Erling J. (1980) Geochemistry and petrology of glaucophane-bearing eclogites and associated rocks from Sunnfjord, Western Norway. Lithos, 13 (4) 355-380 doi:10.1016/0024-4937(80)90054-7	Analysis of the core of an eclogite matrix amphibole. EPMA analysis
6	" "	Krogh, Erling J. (1980) Geochemistry and petrology of glaucophane-bearing eclogites and associated rocks from Sunnfjord, Western Norway. Lithos, 13 (4) 355-380 doi:10.1016/0024-4937(80)90054-7	Analysis of the rim of an eclogite matrix amphibole. EPMA analysis
7	Kovalo eclogites, Kechros, Arriana, Rhodope, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece	Mposkos, E.; Baziotis, I.; Proyer, A. (2011) Pressure–temperature evolution of eclogites from the Kechros complex in the Eastern Rhodope (NE Greece). International Journal of Earth Sciences, 101 (4). 973-996 doi:10.1007/s00531-011-0699-2	EMPA analysis of an amphibole inclusion in garnet from an eclogite
8	Eclogite outcrops, Shang Sumdo région, Leh District, Ladakh, India	Sachan, K. H.; Bodnar, R. J.; Islam, R.; Szabo, Cs.; Lawi, R. D. (1999) Exhumation History of Eclogites from the Tso-Morari Crystalline Complex in Eastern Ladakh: Mineralogical and Fluid Inclusion Constraints. Journal Geological Society of India, 53 (2). 181-190 doi:10.17491/jgsi/1999/530205	EMPA analysis of a blueish early formed amphibole in an eclogite.
9	Weiß‑Spitze eclogites, Virgen valley, Lienz District, Tyrol, Austria	THOMAS, S.; FRANZ, G. (1988) Kluftminerale und ihre Bildungsbedingungen in Gesteinen der Eklogitzone/Südvenediger-Gebiet (Hohe Tauern, Österreich). Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Geologischen Gesellschaft, 81. 189-218	Sample from a primary "massive" eclogite. EMPA analysis.

Crystallography of GlaucophaneHide

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Class (H-M):

2/m - Prismatic

Space Group:

B2/m

Setting:

C2/m

Cell Parameters:

a = 9.595 Å, b = 17.798 Å, c = 5.307 Å
β = 103.66°

Ratio:

a:b:c = 0.539 : 1 : 0.298

Unit Cell V:

880.65 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Twinning:

Simple or multiple twinning parallel to {100}.

Crystal StructureHide

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Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4

View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c

Rotation
Stop | Start

Labels
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Year	Temp (K)
0006417	Glaucophane	Comodi P, Mellini M, Ungaretti L, Zanazzi P F (1991) Compressibility and high pressure structure refinement of tremolite, pargasite and glaucophane European Journal of Mineralogy 3 485-499	1991	293
0006416	Glaucophane	Comodi P, Mellini M, Ungaretti L, Zanazzi P F (1991) Compressibility and high pressure structure refinement of tremolite, pargasite and glaucophane European Journal of Mineralogy 3 485-499	1991	293
0006415	Glaucophane	Comodi P, Mellini M, Ungaretti L, Zanazzi P F (1991) Compressibility and high pressure structure refinement of tremolite, pargasite and glaucophane European Journal of Mineralogy 3 485-499	1991	293
0000182	Glaucophane	Papike J J, Clark J R (1968) The crystal structure and cation distribution of glaucophane American Mineralogist 53 1156-1173	1968	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Glaucophane'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Comodi P'
'Mellini M'
'Ungaretti L'
'Zanazzi P F'
_journal_name_full 'European Journal of Mineralogy'
_journal_volume 3 
_journal_year 1991
_journal_page_first 485
_journal_page_last 499
_publ_section_title
;
 Compressibility and high pressure structure refinement
 of tremolite, pargasite and glaucophane
 Sample: pressure at 37 kbar
;
_database_code_amcsd 0006417
_chemical_formula_sum 'Mg1.98 Fe1.42 Al1.6 (Na1.98 Li.02) Si8 O24 H2'
_cell_length_a 9.349
_cell_length_b 17.610
_cell_length_c 5.257
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 103.9
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 840.146
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      3.269
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'C 1 2/m 1'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2+y,z'
  'x,-y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,z'
  '-x,y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,-z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2-y,-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
MgM1   0.00000   0.09170   0.50000   0.72000   0.02420
FeM1   0.00000   0.09170   0.50000   0.28000   0.02420
AlM2   0.00000   0.17910   0.00000   0.80000  -0.00380
FeM2   0.00000   0.17910   0.00000   0.20000  -0.00380
MgM3   0.00000   0.00000   0.00000   0.54000  -0.00250
FeM3   0.00000   0.00000   0.00000   0.46000  -0.00250
NaM4   0.00000   0.27790   0.50000   0.99000   0.02260
LiM4   0.00000   0.27790   0.50000   0.01000   0.02260
SiT1   0.28740   0.08670   0.29330   1.00000   0.00650
SiT2   0.29590   0.17250   0.80850   1.00000   0.00030
O1   0.11020   0.09180   0.20150   1.00000   0.00550
O2   0.11760   0.17130   0.74760   1.00000   0.01250
O-H3   0.11110   0.00000   0.70080   1.00000   0.01090
O4   0.36890   0.25370   0.79140   1.00000   0.00390
O5   0.36560   0.13350   0.09260   1.00000   0.01430
O6   0.35180   0.12120   0.58740   1.00000   0.00040
O7   0.34570   0.00000   0.30360   1.00000   0.00670

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Loading XRD data...

2θ (degrees) d-spacing (Å)

Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
8.26 Å	(100)
3.06 Å	(65)
2.693 Å	(60)
4.45 Å	(25)
3.38 Å	(25)
2.937 Å	(25)
2.523 Å	(25)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Near-surface Processes
26 : Hadean detrital minerals
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics	<3.5-2.5
39 : High-𝑃 metamorphism (blueschist, eclogite, ultrahigh 𝑃 facies)
40 : Regional metamorphism (greenschist, amphibolite, granulite facies)
41 : Mantle metasomatism

Geological Setting:

Characteristic of the blueschist facies, in former subduction zones in mountain belts; in the greenschist facies and in eclogites that have undergone retrograde metamorphism.

Type Occurrence of GlaucophaneHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Syros, Syros-Ermoupoli, South Aegean, Greece

Reference:

Hausmann, J.F.L. (1845) Beiträge zur Oryktographie von Syra. Journal für Praktische Chemie 1845, 238-241.

Synonyms of GlaucophaneHide

Antiglaucophane

Gastaldite

Alkali amphibole (in part)

Pseudoglaucophane (in part)

Other Language Names for GlaucophaneHide

Dutch:Glaucofaan

Finnish:Glaukofaani

French:Glaucophane

German:Glaukophan
Antiglaukophan
Gastaldit

Hebrew:גלאוקופן

Hungarian:Glaukofán

Italian:Glaucofane

Japanese:藍閃石

Lithuanian:Glaukofanas

Polish:Glaukofan

Portuguese:Glaucofânio

Russian:Глаукофан

Serbian:Глаукофан

Simplified Chinese:蓝闪石

Spanish:Glaucofana
Gastaldita

Ukrainian:Глаукофан

Relationship of Glaucophane to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Glaucophane Root Name Group > Sodium Amphibole Subgroup > w(OH,F,Cl)-dominant Amphibole Group > Amphibole Supergroup

Other Members of Glaucophane Root Name Group:

Ferro-glaucophane

◻Na₂(Fe²⁺₃Al₂)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

Mon. 2/m : B2/m

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:

42 photos of Glaucophane associated with 'Fuchsite'	K(Al,Cr)₃Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
40 photos of Glaucophane associated with Lawsonite	CaAl₂(Si₂O₇)(OH)₂ · H₂O
30 photos of Glaucophane associated with Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
29 photos of Glaucophane associated with Rutile	TiO₂
24 photos of Glaucophane associated with 'Blueschist'
21 photos of Glaucophane associated with Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
20 photos of Glaucophane associated with Garnet Group	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
17 photos of Glaucophane associated with Sphalerite	ZnS
17 photos of Glaucophane associated with 'Epidote-glaucophane schist'
15 photos of Glaucophane associated with Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

9.DE.	Shojiite	Na(NaMg)Mg₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.	Clino-suenoite	◻Mn²⁺₂(Mg₅)(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.	Mangani-eckermannite	NaNa₂(Mg₄Mn³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.05	'Permanganogrunerite'	◻{Mn²⁺₂}{Mn²⁺₅}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.DE.05	Cummingtonite	◻Mg₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.05	Ferri-fluoro-leakeite	NaNa₂(Mg₂Fe³⁺₂Li)(Si₈O₂₂)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.05	Grunerite	◻Fe²⁺₂Fe²⁺₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.05	Clino-holmquistite Root Name Group	◻Li₂(C²⁺₃C³⁺₂)(Si₈O₂₂)w₂	Mon.
9.DE.10	Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10	Fluoro-cannilloite	CaCa₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₅Al₃)O₂₂F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10	Joesmithite	Pb²⁺Ca₂(Mg₃Fe³⁺₂)(Si₆Be₂)O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : P2/b
9.DE.10	Clino-ferro-suenoite	◻Mn²⁺₂(Fe²⁺₅)(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10	Fluoro-tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10	'Parvo-manganotremolite'	◻{CaMn²⁺}{Mg₅}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10	Magnesio-ferri-hornblende	◻Ca₂(Mg₄Fe³⁺)[(Si₇Al)O₂₂](OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10	Ferro-ferri-hornblende	◻Ca₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10	'Ferro-cannilloite'	CaCa₂(Fe²⁺₄Al)(Si₅Al₃O₂₂)OH₂
9.DE.10	'Ferro-ferri-cannilloite'	CaCa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(Si₅Al₃O₂₂)OH₂
9.DE.10	'Ferro-fluoro-actinolite'	◻{Ca₂}{Fe₅}(Si₈O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.10	'Ferro-fluoro-hornblende'	◻Ca₂(Fe²⁺₄Al)(AlSi₇O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.10	Magnesio-ferri-fluoro-hornblende	◻Ca₂(Mg₄Fe³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10	'Ferro-ferri-fluoro-hornblende'	◻Ca₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.10	'Ferri-fluoro-tschermakite'	◻{Ca₂}{Mg₃Fe³⁺₂}(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.10	'Ferro-ferri-fluoro-tschermakite'	◻{Ca₂}{Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂}(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.10	'Ferro-fluoro-tschermakite'	◻{Ca₂}{Fe²⁺₃Al₂}(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.10	'Fluoro-tschermakite'	◻{Ca₂}{Mg₃Al₂}(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.10	'Magnesio-fluoro-hornblende'	◻Ca₂(Mg₄Al)(AlSi₇O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.10	Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10	'Ferro-ferri-tschermakite'	◻{Ca₂}{Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂}(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.DE.10	'Cannilloite'	CaCa₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₅Al₃O₂₂)OH₂	Mon.
9.DE.10	Tschermakite	◻Ca₂(Mg₃Al₂)(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10	Magnesio-hornblende	◻Ca₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10	'Ferri-tschermakite'	◻Ca₂(Mg₃Fe³⁺₂)(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.DE.10	Ferro-actinolite	◻Ca₂Fe²⁺₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10	Ferro-hornblende	◻Ca₂(Fe²⁺₄Al)(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10	Ferro-tschermakite	◻Ca₂(Fe²⁺₃Al₂)(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Potassic-chloro-pargasite	KCa₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂Cl₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	'Ferro-fluoro-pargasite'	(Na)(Ca₂)(Fe²⁺₄Al)(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.15	'Potassic-ferro-chloro-edenite'	KCa₂Fe²⁺₅(AlSi₇O₂₂)Cl₂
9.DE.15	'Ferro-ferri-sadanagaite'	NaCa₂(Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂)(Al₃Si₅O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.DE.15	Hastingsite	NaCa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Fluoro-edenite	NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂F₂	Mon. 2/m : P2/c
9.DE.15	Pargasite	NaCa₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Magnesio-fluoro-hastingsite	NaCa₂(Mg₄Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Potassic-fluoro-hastingsite	KCa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Potassic-chloro-hastingsite	KCa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂Cl₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	'Unnamed (F-dominant analogue of Ferri-kaersutite)'	(Na,K)Ca₂[Mg₃(Fe³⁺,Fe²⁺)Ti](Si₆Al₂O₂₂)(F,O)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Edenite	NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Potassic-sadanagaite	KCa₂(Mg₃Al₂)(Al₃Si₅O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2
9.DE.15	Ferri-kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃Fe³⁺Ti)(Si₆Al₂O₂₂)O₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Potassic-pargasite	KCa₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Potassic-ferro-sadanagaite	KCa₂(Fe²⁺₃Al₂)(Al₃Si₅O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.DE.15	Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	'Ferro-chloro-pargasite'	NaCa₂(Fe²⁺₄Al)(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)Cl₂
9.DE.15	Potassic-fluoro-pargasite	KCa₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Potassic-ferro-ferri-sadanagaite	KCa₂(Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂)(Al₃Si₅O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Fluoro-pargasite	NaCa₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	'Parvo-mangano-edenite'	{Na}{CaMn²⁺}{Mg₅}(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Ferro-fluoro-edenite	NaCa₂Fe²⁺₅(AlSi₇O₂₂)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Mangani-pargasite	NaCa₂(Mg₄Mn³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Sadanagaite	NaCa₂(Mg₃Al₂)(Si₅Al₃O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.DE.15	Magnesio-hastingsite	NaCa₂(Mg₄Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	'Ferri-sadanagaite'	NaCa₂(Mg₃Fe³⁺₂)(Al₃Si₅O₂₂)(OH)₂
9.DE.15	'Ferro-sadanagaite'	NaCa₂(Fe₃Al₂)(Al₃Si₅O₂₂)(OH)₂
9.DE.15	'Ferri-fluoro-sadanagaite'	{Na}{Ca₂}{Mg₃Fe³⁺₂}(Al₃Si₅O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.15	'Ferro-ferri-fluoro-sadanagaite'	{Na}{Ca₂}{Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂}(Al₃Si₅O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.15	'Ferro-fluoro-sadanagaite'	{Na}{Ca₂}{Fe²⁺₃Al₂}(Al₃Si₅O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.15	'Fluoro-sadanagaite'	{Na}{Ca₂}{Mg₃Al₂}(Al₃Si₅O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.15	'Potassic-chloro-sadanagaite'	KCa₂(Mg₃Al₂)(Al₃Si₅O₂₂)Cl₂
9.DE.15	'Potassic-ferro-chloro-sadanagaite'	KCa₂(Fe²⁺₃Al₂)(Al₃Si₅O₂₂)Cl₂
9.DE.15	Ferro-edenite	NaCa₂Fe²⁺₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Oxo-magnesio-hastingsite	NaCa₂(Mg₃(Fe³⁺_2-x,Ti_x))₅(Si₆Al₂O₂₂)O₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Potassic-ferro-pargasite	KCa₂(Fe²⁺₄Al)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Potassic-hastingsite	KCa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	'Fluoro-hastingsite'	NaCa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.15	Potassic-magnesio-hastingsite	KCa₂(Mg₄Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Vanadio-pargasite	NaCa₂(Mg³⁺₄V)(Al₂Si₆)O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	'Ferro-kaersutite'	NaCa₂(Fe²⁺₃AlTi)(Si₆Al₂O₂₂)O₂	Mon.
9.DE.15	Chromio-pargasite	NaCa₂(Mg₄Cr)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15	Ferro-pargasite	NaCa₂(Fe²⁺₄Al)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	'Ghoseite'	◻[Mn²⁺Na][Mg₄Al]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
9.DE.20	Potassic-ferro-taramite	K(CaNa)(Fe²⁺₃Al₂)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	Ferri-fluoro-katophorite	Na(CaNa)(Mg₄Fe³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	Barroisite	◻(CaNa)(Mg₃Al₂)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	Fluoro-richterite	Na(CaNa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	Potassic-ferro-ferri-taramite	K(CaNa)(Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂)(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	'Potassic-ferri-katophorite'	K(CaNa)(Mg₄Fe³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂
9.DE.20	'Potassic-ferro-richterite'	K(CaNa)Fe²⁺₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
9.DE.20	Potassic-fluoro-richterite	K(CaNa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	Potassic-richterite	K(CaNa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	Ferri-ghoseite	◻(Mn²⁺Na)(Mg₄Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	Fluoro-taramite	Na(CaNa)(Mg₃Al₂)(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	'Ferro-ferri-fluoro-katophorite'	Na(CaNa)(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)F₂	Mon.
9.DE.20	Richterite	Na(CaNa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	Ferri-winchite	◻(NaCa)(Mg₄Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	'Fluoro-katophorite'	Na(CaNa)(Mg₄Al)(AlSi₇O₂₂)F₂	Mon.
9.DE.20	Hjalmarite	Na(NaMn)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	Ferro-taramite	Na(CaNa)(Fe²⁺₃Al₂)(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	'Clinoferroholmquistite'	◻Li₂[Fe²⁺₃Al₂]Si₈O₂₂(OH,F)₂
9.DE.20	Ferro-katophorite	Na(CaNa)(Fe²⁺₄Al)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	Taramite	Na(CaNa)(Mg₃Al₂)(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	'Potassic-fluoro-katophorite'	K(CaNa)(Mg₄Al)(AlSi₇O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.20	'Ferro-fluoro-katophorite'	Na(CaNa)(Fe²⁺₄Al)(AlSi₇O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.20	Ferri-katophorite	Na(CaNa)(Mg₄Fe³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	'Ferro-ferri-barroisite'	◻(CaNa)(Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂
9.DE.20	Ferri-taramite	Na(CaNa)(Mg₃Fe³⁺₂)(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	'Potassic-ferro-ferri-katophorite'	K(CaNa)(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂
9.DE.20	'Ferro-ferri-winchite'	◻(CaNa)(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
9.DE.20	Winchite	◻(CaNa)(Mg₄Al)(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	'Ferro-fluoro-richterite'	{Na}{CaNa}{Fe²⁺₅}(Si₈O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.20	'Fluoro-winchite'	◻(CaNa)(Mg₄Al)(Si₈O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.20	'Ferro-fluoro-winchite'	◻{CaNa}{Fe²⁺₄Al}(Si₈O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.20	'Ferri-barroisite'	◻(CaNa)(Mg₃Fe³⁺₂)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂
9.DE.20	'Ferro-ferri-taramite'	Na(CaNa)(Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂)(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)(OH)₂
9.DE.20	'Ferri-fluoro-barroisite'	◻{CaNa}{Mg₃Fe³⁺₂}(AlSi₇O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.20	'Ferro-fluoro-barroisite'	◻{CaNa}{Fe²⁺₃Al₂}(AlSi₇O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.20	'Ferro-ferri-fluoro-barroisite'	◻{CaNa}{Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂}(AlSi₇O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.20	'Fluoro-barroisite'	◻{CaNa}{Mg₃Al₂}(AlSi₇O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.20	Ferro-ferri-katophorite	Na(NaCa)(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	'Ferri-fluoro-taramite'	Na(CaNa)(Mg₃Fe³⁺₂)(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.20	'Ferro-ferri-fluoro-taramite'	Na(CaNa)(Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂)(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.20	'Ferro-fluoro-taramite'	Na(CaNa)(Fe²⁺₃Al₂)(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.20	'Potassic-ferri-taramite'	K(CaNa)(Mg₃Fe³⁺₂)(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)(OH)₂
9.DE.20	'Magnesiotaramite'	{Na}{CaNa}{Mg₃AlFe³⁺}(Al₂Si₆O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.DE.20	'Ferro-barroisite'	◻(CaNa)(Fe²⁺₃Al₂)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	Scandio-winchite	◻(NaCa)(Mg₄Sc)(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	Ferro-richterite	Na(CaNa)Fe²⁺₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	Katophorite	Na(CaNa){Mg₄Al)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20	'Ferro-winchite'	◻(CaNa)(Fe²⁺₄Al)(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.DE.25	'Clino-sodic-fluoro-holmquistite'	{Na}{Li₂}{Mg₄Al}(Si₈O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.25	Ferro-ferri-nybøite	NaNa₂(Fe²⁺₃,Mg)Fe³⁺₂)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Clino-ferro-ferri-holmquistite	◻Li₂(Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂)(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	'Oxo-pargasite'	NaCa₂(Mg₃(Al_2-xTi_x))₅(Si₆Al₂O₂₂)O₂
9.DE.25	'Ferri-nybøite'	NaNa₂(Mg₃Fe³⁺₂)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.DE.25	'Ferro-ferri-leakeite'	NaNa₂(Fe²⁺₂Fe³⁺₂Li)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon.
9.DE.25	Ferro-ferri-fluoro-leakeite	NaNa₂(Fe²⁺₂Fe³⁺₂Li)(Si₈O₂₂)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Ferri-leakeite	NaNa₂(Mg₂Fe³⁺₂Li)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Fluoro-pedrizite	NaLi₂(Mg₂Al₂Li)(Si₈O₂₂)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Eckermannite	NaNa₂(Mg₄Al}Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Arfvedsonite	NaNa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	'Mangano-ferri-fluoro-leakeite'	NaNa₂(Mn²⁺₂Fe³⁺₂Li)(Si₈O₂₂)F₂	Mon.
9.DE.25	Ferri-obertiite	NaNa₂(Mg₃Fe³⁺Ti)Si₈O₂₂O₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Riebeckite	◻Na₂(Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	'Unnamed (Possible K-analogue of Ferri-obertiite)'	KNa₂((Mg,Fe,Na)₃Fe³⁺(Ti,Fe))Si₈O₂₂(O,F)₂
9.DE.25	Magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite	NaNa₂(Mg₄Fe³⁺)[Si₈O₂₂]F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	'Ferro-fluoro-glaucophane'	◻[Na₂][Fe²⁺₃Al₂]Si₈O₂₂F₂
9.DE.25	Oxo-mangani-leakeite	NaNa₂(Mn³⁺₄Li)Si₈O₂₂O₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Fluoro-leakeite	NaNa₂(Mg₂Al₂Li)(Si₈O₂₂)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Nybøite	NaNa₂(Mg₃Al₂)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	'Sodic-ferri-clinoferroholmquistite'	Na_0.5{Li₂}{Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.DE.25	Potassic-arfvedsonite	KNa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	'Potassic-mangano-mangani-ungarettiite'	KNa₂(Mn²⁺₂Mn³⁺₃)Si₈O₂₂O₂
9.DE.25	Potassic-jeanlouisite	K(NaCa)(Mg₄Ti)Si₈O₂₂O₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Ferri-pedrizite	NaLi₂(Mg₂Fe³⁺₂Li)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon.
9.DE.25	Ferro-fluoro-pedrizite	NaLi₂(Fe²⁺₂Al₂Li)[Si₈O₂₂]F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Potassic-ferri-leakeite	KNa₂(Mg₂Fe³⁺₂Li)(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Potassic-magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite	KNa₂(Mg₄Fe³⁺)(Si₈O₂₂)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Mangani-obertiite	NaNa₂(Mg₃Mn³⁺Ti⁴⁺)Si₈O₂₂O₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Scandio-fluoro-eckermannite	NaNa₂(Mg₄Sc)(Si₈O₂₂)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	'Ferro-eckermannite'	NaNa₂(Fe²⁺₄Al)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon.
9.DE.25	Ferro-ferri-pedrizite	NaLi₂(Fe²⁺₂Fe³⁺₂Li)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	'Pedrizite'	NaLi₂(LiMg₂Al₂)(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Ferro-pedrizite	NaLi₂(Fe²⁺₂Al₂Li)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Potassic-mangani-leakeite	KNa₂(Mg₂Mn³⁺₂Li)(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	'Clino-fluoro-holmquistite'	◻{Li₂}{Mg₃Al₂}(Si₈O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.25	Ferro-ferri-obertiite	NaNa₂(Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺Ti)Si₈O₂₂O₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Magnesio-riebeckite	◻Na₂(Mg₃Fe³⁺₂)(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.DE.25	Potassic-magnesio-arfvedsonite	KNa₂(Mg₄Fe³⁺)(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Fluoro-nybøite	NaNa₂(Mg₃Al₂)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(F,OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Mangano-ferri-eckermannite	NaNa₂(Mn²⁺₄Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	'Fluoro-glaucophane'	◻[Na₂][Mg₃Al₂]Si₈O₂₂F₂
9.DE.25	Fluoro-riebeckite	◻Na₂(Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂)(Si₈O₂₂)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	Magnesio-fluoro-riebeckite	◻Na₂(Mg₃Fe³⁺₂)(Si₈O₂₂)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	'Fluoro-eckermannite'	NaNa₂(Mg₄Al}Si₈O₂₂F₂
9.DE.25	'Ferro-fluoro-eckermannite'	NaNa₂(Fe²⁺₄Al}Si₈O₂₂F₂
9.DE.25	'Fluoro-arfvedsonite'	NaNa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂F₂
9.DE.25	Magnesio-arfvedsonite	NaNa₂(Mg₄Fe³⁺)(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	'Ferri-fluoro-nybøite'	NaNa₂(Mg₃Fe³⁺₂)(AlSi₇O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.25	'Ferro-ferri-fluoro-nybøite'	NaNa₂(Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂)(AlSi₇O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.25	Ferro-glaucophane	◻Na₂(Fe²⁺₃Al₂)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	'Ferro-fluoro-nybøite'	NaNa₂(Fe²⁺₃Al₂)(AlSi₇O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.25	Mangani-dellaventuraite	NaNa₂(MgMn³⁺₂Ti⁴⁺Li)Si₈O₂₂O₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	'Ferro-leakeite'	NaNa₂(Fe²⁺₂Al₂Li)(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
9.DE.25	'Leakeite'	NaNa₂(Mg₂Al₂Li)(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
9.DE.25	'Potassic-leakeite'	KNa₂(Mg₂Al₂Li)(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
9.DE.25	'Ferri-fluoro-pedrizite'	NaLi₂(LiMg₂Fe³⁺₂)(Si₈O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.25	'Ferro-ferri-fluoro-pedrizite'	NaLi₂(LiFe²⁺₂Fe³⁺₂)(Si₈O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.25	'Ferro-nybøite'	NaNa₂(Fe²⁺₃Al₂)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.DE.25	'Clino-ferro-ferri-fluoro-holmquistite'	◻{Li₂}{Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂}(Si₈O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.25	Mangano-mangani-ungarettiite	NaNa₂(Mn²⁺₂Mn³⁺₃)(Si₈O₂₂)O₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25	'Clino-ferri-fluoro-holmquistite'	◻{Li₂}{Mg₃Fe³⁺₂}(Si₈O₂₂)F₂
9.DE.25	'Clino-ferro-fluoro-holmquistite'	◻{Li₂}{Fe²⁺₃Al₂}(Si₈O₂₂)F₂

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Glaucophane in petrologyHide

An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.

Internet Links for GlaucophaneHide

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

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References for GlaucophaneHide

Reference List:

Hausmann, J.F.L. (1845) Beiträge zur Oryktographie von Syra. Journal für Praktische Chemie 1845, 238-241.

ERNST, W. G. (1963) Petrogenesis of Glaucophane Schists. Journal of Petrology, 4 (1) 1-30 doi:10.1093/petrology/4.1.1

Ernst, W. G. (1963) Polymorphism in alkali amphiboles. American Mineralogist, 48 (3-4) 241-260 (synthetic material)

Borg, I. Y. (1967) Optical properties and cell parameters in the glaucophane-riebeckite series. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 15 (1) 67-92 doi:10.1007/bf01167215

Papike, J.J. and Clark, J.R. (1968a) Cation distribution in the crystal structure of glaucophane; II: the high pressure polymorph. Geological Society of America Abstract, 1966: 157.

Papike, J. J., Clark, Joan R. (1968) The crystal structure and cation distribution of glaucophane. American Mineralogist, 53 (7-8) 1156-1173

COLEMAN, R. G.; PAPIKE, J. J. (1968) Alkali amphiboles from the blueschists of Cazadero, California. Journal of Petrology, 9 (1). p.105-122. doi:10.1093/petrology/9.1.105(complete miscibility between glaucophane and riebeckite in blueschists)

Muir Wood, Robert (1980) Compositional zoning in sodic amphiboles from the blueschist facies. Mineralogical Magazine, 43 (330) 741-752 doi:10.1180/minmag.1980.043.330.07

Smelik, Eugene A., Veblen, David R. (1991) Exsolution of cummingtonite from glaucophane: A new orientation for exsolution lamellae in clinoamphiboles. American Mineralogist, 76 (5-6) 971-984

Smelik, E. A. and Veblen, D. R. (1994). Complex exsolution in glaucophane from Tillotson Peak, north-central Vermont. Canadian Mineralogist 32: 233-255.

Mandarino, Joseph A. (1998) The Second List of Additions and Corrections to the Glossary of Mineral Species (1995) - The Amphibole Group. The Mineralogical Record, 29 (3) 169-174

(2001) Glaucophane. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Hawthorne, F. C., Oberti, R. (2006) On the classification of amphiboles. The Canadian Mineralogist, 44 (1) 1-21 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.44.1.1

Hawthorne, F. C., Oberti, R., Harlow, G. E., Maresch, W. V., Martin, R. F., Schumacher, J. C., Welch, M. D. (2012) Nomenclature of the amphibole supergroup. American Mineralogist, 97 (11) 2031-2048 doi:10.2138/am.2012.4276

Localities for GlaucophaneHide

Showing 412 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Antarctica


Australia
New South Wales Macquarie Co. Port Macquarie ⓘ Rocky Beach	Och et al. (2003)
South Australia Pastoral Unincorporated Area Flinders Ranges Oraparinna homestead (Oraparinna National Park) ⓘ Oraparinna Asbestos Mine
Tasmania Latrobe municipality ⓘ Harford	Bottrill +1 other reference
Waratah-Wynyard municipality Corinna-Savage River district ⓘ Savage River Mines	R Bottrill (in prep)
West Coast municipality ⓘ Reece Dam (Lower Pieman dam)	Turner et al. (1993) +1 other reference
Victoria City of Greater Bendigo ⓘ Heathcote	Geol. Soc. of Australia Abstr. 53:248-249 (Feb, 1999)
South Gippsland Shire Hoddle Range Fish Creek ⓘ ~~Lavers Hill~~	Museum Victoria Mineralogy Collection +1 other reference
Western Australia Bridgetown-Greenbushes Shire Greenbushes tinfield ⓘ Greenbushes Mine ?	Simpson (1948)

Austria
Carinthia Spittal an der Drau District Heiligenblut am Großglockner ⓘ Großer Margrötzenkogel south slope
ⓘ Zlapp	Niedermayr et al. (1995)
Villach Landskron Landskron castle ⓘ Jungfernsprung	Niedermayr et al. (1995)
Salzburg Hallein District Sankt Koloman Grabenbach area ⓘ Grabenbach stream	Strasser (1989)
Weitenau ⓘ Weitenau quarry	Bernroider et al. (2017)
Scheffau am Tennengebirge Moosegg ⓘ Moosegg gypsum mine	Bernroider et al. (2017) +1 other reference
Zell am See District Fusch an der Grossglocknerstrasse Fuscherkarkopf ⓘ Gamsgrube	Niedermayr et al. (1995)
Rauris Hochtor area ⓘ Großer Margrötzenkopf north slope	Strasser (1989)
Tyrol Lienz District Matrei in Osttirol Frosnitz valley ⓘ Steinsteg eclogite	Miller et al. (2007)
Virgen valley ⓘ Weiß‑Spitze eclogites	THOMAS et al. (1988)

Canada
British Columbia Atlin Mining Division Atlin Lake ⓘ Husselbee Uranium occurrence	Peatfield (n.d.)
Omineca Mining Division Pinchi Lake ⓘ Blueschist occurrence	Ghent et al. (1990)
Québec Nord-du-Québec Jamésie ⓘ Montviel carbonatite complex	Nadeau et al. (2015)

Chile
Los Lagos Osorno Province ⓘ Bahía Mansa Metamorphic Complex	Duhart et al. (2010)

China
Anhui Anqing Taihu County Lake Hualiangting ⓘ Huangzhen-Zhujiachong area	Castelli et al. (1998)
Chuzhou Mingguang City ⓘ Zhangbaling	Jinhai Yu et al. (2001)
Gansu Zhangye Sunan Co. Nine Springs area ⓘ Blueschist outcrops	Qian-Jie Wang et al. (2007)
ⓘ Shijuligou Cu-Zn ore field	Jieren Wu et al. (2001)
Heilongjiang Mudanjiang Muling City ⓘ Modaoshi	Huiwen Ye et al. (1994)
ⓘ Yiziquan	Huiwen Ye et al. (1994)
Yichun Jiayin County Wulaga Mine ⓘ Tuanjiegou Au deposit	Changchun School of Metallurgy and Geology (1976) +1 other reference
Henan Nanyang Tongbai County ⓘ Eclogite outcrops	Chinho Tsai et al. (2007)
Pingdingshan Wugang County Wugang Fe ore field Batai Mine ⓘ Zhao'anzhuang deposit	Xingjie Jia et al. (2012)
ⓘ Jingshansi Mine	Huaiqian Li et al. (2012)
Xinyang Xin Co. ⓘ Tianpu	Zhang et al. (1994) +1 other reference
Hubei Huanggang Hong'an Co. ⓘ Dongyuemiao eclogite	Li et al. (2026)
Inner Mongolia Baotou City Bayan Obo mining district ⓘ Bayan Obo deposit	Li et al. (2022)
Xilingol League (Xilinguole Prefecture) Erenhot City (Erlianhaote Co.) ⓘ Wenduermiao Fe deposit	Tongyun Song (1980) +1 other reference
ⓘ Harhada Mine	wrgis.wr.usgs.gov (2004)
Sonid Right Banner (Sunite Youqi) Ondor Sum ⓘ Schist outcrops	Zhuyun Yan et al. (1989)
Jiamusi Block ⓘ Heilongjiang Complex	Sun et al. (2025)
Jiangsu Huai'an Xuyi Co. ⓘ Guanzhen	Jinhai Yu et al. (2001)
Lianyungang Guanyun Co. ⓘ Yangji	Jinhai Yu et al. (2001)
Xuzhou Xinyi Co. ⓘ Cheng-gang crystalline graphite deposit	Liu et al. (2026)
Jiangxi Shangrao Dexing Co. ⓘ Zuomiban	Zhou Guoqing (1997)
Jilin Yanbian Chaoxianzu Yanji City ⓘ Kaishantun ophiolite suite	Shi et al. (2018)
Qinghai Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Qilian Co. ⓘ Baijingsi eclogites	Song Shuguang et al. (2004)
ⓘ Qingshuigou	Yong-Jiang Liu et al. (2006)
ⓘ Xiangzigou eclogites	Song Shuguang et al. (2004)
Shandong Linyi Lanling County ⓘ Cangshan Mine	Steel Group (2010)
Shanxi Taiyuan Loufan Co. ⓘ Hugushan Mine	Wang et al. (2025)
Tibet Nagqu Amdo Co. (Anduo Co.) Pana village ⓘ Blueschist outcrops	Hongfei Liu and Yan Liu (2009)
Nyima Co. (Nima Co.) Rongma township ⓘ Blueschist outcrops	Xia et al. (2001)
Ngari Gêrzê Co. ⓘ Gangmacuo	Kapp et al. (2000)
ⓘ Pianshishan	Li Cai et al. (2006)
Xinjiang Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture ⓘ Akeyazhi River valley	Lin et al. (2006)
Altay Prefecture (Aletai Prefecture) Fuyun Co. (Koktokay Co.) ⓘ Koktokay pegmatite field (Keketuohai pegmatite field)	wrgis.wr.usgs.gov (2004)
Zhaosu Co. ⓘ Atantayi valley	Xin Liu et al. (2013)
ⓘ Habutengsu valley	Lifei Zhang et al. (2001) +2 other references

Colombia
La Guajira Department Uribia ⓘ Parash	Green et al. (1968)

Cuba
Guantánamo Province ⓘ Sierra del Convento	García-Casco et al. (2009) +2 other references
Villa Clara Province ⓘ Escambray Mountain (Sierra de Escambray)	Stanek et al. (2006) +1 other reference
ⓘ La Belleza mine (Picos Blancos y La Belleza)	MACIZO METAMÓRFICO ESCAMBRAY. CUBA CENTRAL. CONTROLES Y USOS DE LOS MINERALES NO-METÁLICOS. Humberto Álvarez-Sánchez (1) +2 other references

Czech Republic
Karlovy Vary Region Sokolov District Kraslice ⓘ Tisová	Beran (Ag, Au, Co) +1 other reference

Dominican Republic
María Trinidad Sánchez Province Río San Juan ⓘ Río San Juan Complex	Krebs et al. (2008)

Ecuador
El Oro Province Arenillas Canton ⓘ Tahuin Dam	Aspden et al. (1995)
ⓘ Raspas eclogitic complex	"HP terranes exhumation in an active ... +1 other reference
Santa Rosa Canton La Chilca ⓘ Raspas River	Aspden et al. (1995)

Finland
North Karelia Ilomantsi ⓘ Pampalo Au deposit ?	Kuikka (2018)
Päijänne Tavastia Orimattila ⓘ Artjärvi	Lemanski (n.d.)

France
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Savoie Albertville ⓘ Pralognan-la-Vanoise	Erik Vercammen collection
Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne ⓘ Modane	Abdel-Karim et al. (1989)
Brittany Finistère Quimper La Forêt-Fouesnant ⓘ Kerleven beach alluvial deposits	Chauris L. (1982)
Morbihan Lorient ⓘ Groix	Lukas (1978)
Pivisy ⓘ Beg er Vir (Poulziorec)	Audren et al. (1993)
ⓘ Gadoéric	Audren et al. (1993)
ⓘ Le Fons	Audren et al. (1993)
ⓘ Pen Men	Audren et al. (1993)
ⓘ Port St-Nicolas (Pointe St-Nicolas)	Chauris (2014)
ⓘ Quéhello Dale	Audren et al. (1993)
ⓘ Stanvrec	Chauris (2014)
Primiture ⓘ Côte d'Héno	Audren et al. (1993)
ⓘ Le Rolaz	Chauris (2014)
Les Grands Sables ⓘ Les Grands Sables beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Locmaria ⓘ Locmaria beach alluvials	Chauris (2014)
ⓘ Porh Giguéou	Chauris (2014)
ⓘ Locqueltas-Kermarec	Chauris (2014)
ⓘ Pen Ganol	Chauris (2014)
ⓘ Pointe de la Croix (Pointe Surville)	Chauris (2014)
ⓘ Pointe des Chats	Bariand et al. (n.d.)
ⓘ Porh Morvil creek	Inventaire Minéralogique de la France numero 9 Morbihan ( éditions BRGM )
ⓘ Porh Morvil creek alluvials (south-east)	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Porh Morvil creek alluvials (west)	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Port Lay (Côte des Soeurs)	Chauris (2014)
ⓘ Spernec Point	Audren et al. (1993)
ⓘ Stang Nu creek	Chauris (2014)
ⓘ Stang Nu creek alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Trec'h beach	Chauris (2014)
Guidel Guidel-Plages ⓘ Guidel beach alluvial deposits	Chauris L. (1988)
ⓘ Le Loch beach alluvial deposits	Chauris L. (1988)
La Trinité-sur-Mer ⓘ Kervillen beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Larmor-Plage ⓘ Larmor beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1988)
ⓘ Locmaria	Chauris (2014)
Samzun ⓘ Grands sables beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1987)
Ploemeur Le Fort-Bloqué ⓘ Fort-Bloqué beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1988)
Port-Louis ⓘ Gâvres beach alluvial deposits	Chauris L. (1982)
Quiberon ⓘ Pointe Riberen beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Port-Haliguen beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Saint-Julien beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Saint-Pierre-Quiberon ⓘ Kerbourgnec beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Kerhostin ⓘ Pointe de Kerhostin beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Portivy ⓘ Beg en Aud creek alluvials	Chauris L. (1988)
ⓘ Portivy beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1988)
Vannes Penestin ⓘ La Mine d'Or beach alluvial deposits	Bariand et al. (n.d.)
Corsica Haute-Corse Bastia Canari ⓘ Campana	Erwin Löffler collection (SXRD-analysed by Uwe Kolitsch)
ⓘ Canari mine	Azias (1968)
Corte Vezzani ⓘ Vezzani Mine	Bariand et al. (n.d.)
New Caledonia Northern Province Diahot River Valley ⓘ Murat Mine	Briggs (1975)
Ouégoa ⓘ Balade Mine	Dana et al. (1892) +1 other reference
ⓘ Pouébo	Lacroix (1941)
ⓘ Col d’Amoss	Abreal (2015)
ⓘ Tiari	Lacroix (1941)
Occitanie Gard Nîmes Le Grau-du-Roi ⓘ Pointe de l’Espiguette beach alluvial deposits	Chauris L. (1991)
Pays de la Loire Loire-Atlantique Châteaubriant-Ancenis Bouvron ⓘ La Gagnerie-du-Brignan	LACROIX A: Mineralogie de la France et ... +1 other reference
Saint-Nazaire Piriac-sur-Mer ⓘ Dumet	Godard et al. (2024)
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Bouches-du-Rhône Aix-en-Provence Peyrolles-en-Provence ⓘ Durance river alluvial deposits	Périnet F. (2018)
Arles Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer ⓘ Pertuis de Rousty beach alluvial deposits	Chauris L. (1991)
Hautes-Alpes Briançon Abriès-Ristolas ⓘ Petit Belvedère du Viso	Abdel-Karim et al. (1989)
Ceillac ⓘ Roche Noire west slope	Mevel et al. (1980)
Cervières ⓘ Lac des Cordes	Desmons (1990)
Molines-en-Queyras ⓘ Clausis ravine	Stephane Maury Collection
Saint-Véran ⓘ Les Clausis mine	R. Pierrot
ⓘ Pic Marcel	Desmons (1990)

Germany
Baden-Württemberg Freiburg Region Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis ⓘ Triberg im Schwarzwald	Walenta (1992)
Bavaria Lower Bavaria Regen District Bodenmais ⓘ Silberberg Mine	Habel (2001)

Greece
Attica East Attica Lavreotiki ⓘ Lavrion Mining District	Baziotis et al. (2009)
Central Greece Euboea ⓘ Chalcis	Xypolias et al. (2012)
Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Rhodope Arriana Kechros ⓘ Kovalo eclogites	Mposkos et al. (2011)
Peloponnese Laconia Monemvasia ⓘ Neapolis	Theye et al. (1991)
South Aegean Kalymnos Patmos Arkoi ⓘ Harbour lighthouse	Franz et al. (1992)
Milos ⓘ Serifos Island
Sifnos ⓘ East Coast	Avigad et al. (1992)
ⓘ Vroulidia Bay	Schliestedt (1978)
Syros-Ermoupoli ⓘ Gyaros	Katagas (1984)
ⓘ Syros (TL)	www.geosociety.org (n.d.) +6 other references
Grammata Bay ⓘ Cape Marmari	Fabre (n.d.)
Gria Spilia ⓘ Palos Hill	Färber (n.d.)
Thira Sikinos Island ⓘ Dialiskari	L.Rantos collection

Guatemala
Alta Verapaz Department ⓘ La Ensenada mine	Harlow et al. (2011)
ⓘ Motagua Valley	Li et al. (2023)
ⓘ Sierra de las Minas	Ostrooumov et al. (2010) +1 other reference

India
Ladakh Leh District Shang Sumdo région ⓘ Eclogite outcrops	Sachan et al. (1999)
Manipur Tengnoupal District ⓘ Manipur Ophiolite Complex	Premi et al. (2023)

Indonesia
Central Java Province ⓘ Luk Ulo Complex	Miyazaki et al. (1998)
Southeast Sulawesi Province Bombana Regency ⓘ Bombana prospect	Idrus et al. (2017)

Iran
Kerman Province Arzuiyeh County Soghan ⓘ Sorkhan	Oberhänsli et al. (2007)

Italy
Aosta Valley Champdepraz ⓘ Herin Mine	Piccoli et al. (2007)
ⓘ Mont Avic	Lecacheur et al. (2024)
ⓘ Champorcher	Novo M. et al. (1989)
Valle della Legna (Vallée de l'Alleigne) Vallone di Vercoche ⓘ Monte Nero	Novo M. et al. (1989)
ⓘ Champorcher Valley	Novo M. et al. (1989)
ⓘ Châtillon	Dal Piaz et al. (2008)
Fénis Clavalité Valley ⓘ Molina Mine (Lovignanaz Mine; Mollère Mine)	www.researchgate.net (n.d.) +3 other references
Fontainemore ⓘ Chateyroux	Zambonini (1902)
Gressoney Valley ⓘ Lillianes	Silvana Martin et al. (2025)
Nus Saint-Barthélemy ⓘ Varenche Mine	Barresi et al. (2005)
ⓘ Perloz	Robert et al. (1985)
Pont-Saint-Martin ⓘ Iveri	Piccoli et al. (2007)
Saint-Marcel ⓘ Servette-Chuc mining complex	Del Caldo et al. (1973)
ⓘ Fontillon Damon ridge	Martin et al. (1989)
Valtournenche ⓘ Riffelberg–Garten Unit	Rebay et al. (2026)
Basilicata Potenza Province ⓘ Mount Nandiniello area ophiolite outcrops	Laurita et al. (2019) +1 other reference
Liguria Genoa Campomorone ⓘ Bocchetta Pass ?	Andrea Opicelli find & collection
Ceranesi ⓘ Rocca Maia	Crettaz (1955)
Genoa ⓘ Sestri Ponente	Antofilli et al. (1983)
ⓘ Voltri	Antofilli et al. (1983)
Vara Valley ⓘ Eclogite outcrop
Tiglieto ⓘ Rio Gerla	Antofilli et al. (1983)
Savona Province Albisola ⓘ Case Ispina	Antofilli et al. (1983)
ⓘ Sassello	Antofilli et al. (1983)
Lombardy Pavia Province Rivanazzano Terme ⓘ Staffora stream alluvials	Garzanti et al. (1998)
Sondrio Province Piuro ⓘ Lei Valley (Valle di Lei)	Wilhelm (1921)
Piedmont Biella Province Biella ⓘ Oropa	Boscardin et al. (1984) +1 other reference
Pollone Chiavolino ⓘ Rio Oremo	Boscardin et al. (1984) +1 other reference
Sagliano Micca ⓘ Passobreve vein system	Bernardelli et al. (2000)
ⓘ Scaluggia vein and breccia pipe system	Bernardelli et al. (2000)
Cuneo Province ⓘ Acceglio	Bearth (1962)
Bellino ⓘ Sant'Anna di Bellino	R. Lefèvre and A. Michard
Crissolo Pian del Re ⓘ Colletto Fiorenza	Abdel-Karim et al. (1989)
Martiniana Po ⓘ Case Parigi	Schertl et al. (1991)
Oncino ⓘ Passo Gallarino	Nisio et al. (1987)
Pontechianale ⓘ Lago del Pic d'Asti	Self collected Stephane Maury
ⓘ Monviso summit	Rutley (1889)
ⓘ Roc della Niera east slope	Franchi (1896 a) +1 other reference
ⓘ Tour Real	Inglis et al. (2017)
ⓘ Vallone delle Forciolline	Compagnoni et al. (1976)
Sampeyre ⓘ Verné	Castelli et al. (2002) +3 other references
ⓘ Dora-Maira Massif	Santoro et al. (2025)
Metropolitan City of Turin Ala di Stura ⓘ I Gramoni	Leardi et al. (1985)
Brosso ⓘ Le Colme	Andreoli et al. (1978) +1 other reference
ⓘ Corio	Eur. J. Mineral.
ⓘ Alpe Mecio outcrop	Zuccali et al. (2010)
Exilles Vallone Galambra ⓘ Grange della Valle	Ravagnani (1974)
Giaglione ⓘ Vaccarone Refuge	Polino et al. (2002)
Lanzo Valleys ⓘ Tesso Valley	Eur. J. Mineral.
Malone Valley ⓘ Monte Croass paraschist outcrops	Eur. J. Mineral (1989)
Massello ⓘ Monte Gran Miuls south slope	Corno et al. (2022)
ⓘ Mompantero	Pognante (1983)
ⓘ Monastero di Lanzo	Eur. J. Mineral.
ⓘ Monte Soglio-Rocca Canavese micaschist outcrops	Monte Soglio-Rocca Canavese +3 other references
Oulx ⓘ La Beaume	Colomba (1893-94) +2 other references
ⓘ Pierremenaud area (Monte Cotolivier east slope)
ⓘ Pont Canavese	Robert et al. (1985)
Pragelato ⓘ Monte Albergian basaltic metabreccia outcrop	Corno et al. (2022)
ⓘ Monte Gran Miuls northwest slope	Corno et al. (2022)
ⓘ Troncea Valley	Piccoli et al. (2007)
ⓘ Troncea	Fioraso (2009)
Prali Miniere Valley ⓘ Viafiorcia Mine	Piccoli et al. (2007)
Quincinetto ⓘ Bric Vert
ⓘ Chiapetti landslide	Franco Luca Bonino's collection
Rocca Canavese ⓘ "Gneiss Minuti" outcrops	Eur. J. Mineral.
ⓘ Paraschist outcrops	Eur. J. Mineral (1989)
ⓘ Thrust-sheet outcrops	Eur. J. Mineral.
Settimo Vittone ⓘ Argentera Quarry (Montestrutto Quarry)	Compagnoni et al. (2014)
ⓘ Montestrutto glacial terrace	Compagnoni et al. (2014)
Tavagnasco ⓘ Tavagnasco Mines	Ciriotti et al. (2019)
ⓘ Aquila Mine	Piccoli et al. (2007)
ⓘ Traversella	Bonino Franco Luca's Collection
Usseglio ⓘ Punta Chestassa ?	Deidda et al. (2022)
Valchiusa ⓘ Colletto di Bossola	Franco Luca Bonino find & collection
Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province Antrona Schieranco Val Loranco ⓘ Ghiacciaio del Bottarello	Liati A. et al. (2001)
Tuscany Grosseto Province Isola del Giglio ⓘ Giglio Island	Jolivet L. et al. (1998)
ⓘ Monte Argentario	Jolivet L. et al. (1998)
ⓘ Cala Grande	Theye et al. (1997) +2 other references
ⓘ Cala Moresca	Theye et al. (1997) +2 other references
Livorno Province Livorno ⓘ Gorgona Island	Barsotti et al. (2006)
Massa-Carrara Province Comano ⓘ Canale dell'Acqua Torbida (Lama dell'Ospitalaccio; Lama dello Spedalaccio)	Tucci (1988)
Fivizzano Sassalbo ⓘ Ospedalaccio Pass	Tucci (1988)

Jamaica
Portland Parish ⓘ Blue Mountains	Abbott et al. (2003)
Saint Thomas Parish ⓘ Union Hill	Abbott et al. (2008)

Japan
Ehime Prefecture Niihama City Besshi ⓘ Besshi mine (Bessi mine)	- (n.d.) +1 other reference
Sebadani ⓘ Eclogite occurrence	Naohito Kishira (2013)
Ouzu City ⓘ Kamisugai mine	Fukushima et al. (2005)
Gunma Prefecture Kanra District ⓘ Shimonita	Tanabe et al. (1982)
Hokkaidō Prefecture Hidaka Subprefecture Saru District Biratori ⓘ Saru river	H. Okada (1964)
Kamikawa Subprefecture Uryu District ⓘ Horokanai	- (n.d.)
Kochi Prefecture Kochi City Rendai ⓘ Tanaka Olivine Mining Co. quarry	Mineralogical Journal Vol. 13 (1986)
Kumamoto Prefecture Yatsushiro City ⓘ Izumi	Saito et al. (2006)
Toyo ⓘ Taneyama mine	Deer (inosilicates vol.)
Nagasaki Prefecture Nagasaki City Mie ⓘ Mie melange	Nishiyama et al. (2017)
Niigata Prefecture ⓘ Itoigawa City	Shi et al. (2012)
ⓘ Ōmi	Banno (1958)
Okayama Prefecture Niimi City ⓘ Mt Ohsa (Ohsayama; Osayama)	Toshio Nozaka and Tsugio Shibata (1994)
Okinawa Prefecture Ishigaki City ⓘ Ishigaki Island	Mem. Natn. Sci. Mus. +1 other reference
ⓘ Tomino	Hashimoto (1974)
ⓘ Tsumuruzaki	Field collected december 2006
Tokushima Prefecture Katsuura district ⓘ Katsu-ura	Petrology exhibit at Stone Fair
Tokushima City ⓘ Bizan (Otakiyama)	- (n.d.) +1 other reference
Yoshinogawa City Yamakawa-cho Miyama-mura ⓘ Kotsu mine (Takakoshi mine; Kotu mine)	- (n.d.)
ⓘ Mt Kotsu (Kotzu; Kohtsu)	Banno (1959)
Yamaguchi Prefecture Iwakuni City Nishiki-cho ⓘ Hirose	Nishimura (1971)
ⓘ Miyanokushi	Nishimura (1971)

Kazakhstan
East Kazakhstan Region Kurshim District ⓘ Karchiga deposit	Lobanov et al. (2012)

Kyrgyzstan
Chuy Region Kemin District ⓘ Aqtyuz eclogite	OROZBAEV et al. (2007) +1 other reference

Laos
Xaisomboun Province Longchaeng District ⓘ Pha Lek Fe Deposit	Hou et al. (2019)

Madagascar
Amoron'i Mania Ambatofinandrahana District Itremo Imorona valley ⓘ Itorendrika-Ifasina	Palache et al. (1951)

Myanmar
Kachin State Mohnyin District Hpakant Township (Hpakan; Phakant; Phakan) ⓘ Hpakant-Tawmaw Jade Tract	Shi et al. (2011) +3 other references
ⓘ Hpakant (Hpakan; Phakant; Phakan)	Shi et al. (2012)
ⓘ Tawmaw (Tawhmaw; Taw Maw)	Ou Yang (1985) +3 other references

North Macedonia
Skopje Karpoš Municipality ⓘ Mount Vodno (Vodno Mountain)	Tony Nikischer specimen and analysis

Norway
Svalbard Spitsbergen Oscar II land ⓘ Vestgötabreen Formation	Kanat (1984)
ⓘ Jadeite occurrences	Kanat (1984)
ⓘ Lawsonite occurrences	Hirajima et al. (1984)
Vestland Sunnfjord Førde Kvineset ⓘ Roadcut Rv 5	Krogh (1980)

Oman
Muscat Governorate Saih Hatat ⓘ As Sifah	El-Shazly et al. (1997) +2 other references

Poland
Lower Silesian Voivodeship ⓘ Bóbr river alluvial deposits	Błocisz et al. (2015)
Kamienna Góra County Gmina Lubawka ⓘ Jarkowice	Lis et al. (1986)
Niedamirów ⓘ Mount Kopina	Młynarska et al. (2022) +3 other references
Lwówek Śląski County Gmina Mirsk ⓘ Krobica	Lis et al. (1986)
Świdnica County Gmina Marcinowice ⓘ Tąpadła	Lis et al. (1986)
Ząbkowice Śląskie County Gmina Kamieniec Zabkowicki ⓘ Chałupki	Lis et al. (1986)
Zgorzelec County Gmina Zgorzelec ⓘ Jędrzychowice succession	Wajsprych et al. (2003)
Złotoryja County Gmina Świerzawa Lubiechowa Mount Świerki ⓘ Leśna Ambona spur	Lis et al. (1986)

Portugal
Aveiro Albergaria-a-Velha Branca ⓘ Palhal Mine	Marques de Sá et al. (2010)

Romania
Suceava County Iacobeni ⓘ Arșița mine	minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu (2008)

Russia
Bashkortostan ⓘ Maksyutov Complex	Leech et al. (2000) +1 other reference
ⓘ Moscow	Пекин (2010) +1 other reference
ⓘ Moscow Oblast	Feklichev et al. (1998)
Murmansk Oblast ⓘ ~~Lovozero Massif~~	...
Sverdlovsk Oblast ⓘ Nizhnii Tagil	Gregor Borg et al (2001)
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug Priuralsky District ⓘ Marun–Keu complex	Salimgaraeva et al. (2024)

Slovakia
Banská Bystrica Region Rimavská Sobota District ⓘ Hnúšťa	Koděra et al. (1986)
Košice Region Košice-okolie District ⓘ Hačava	Lemanski (n.d.)
Medzev ⓘ Šugov	Lemanski (n.d.)
ⓘ Zádiel	Lemanski (n.d.)
Rožňava District Vyšná Slaná ⓘ Radzim hill	Koděra et al. (1986)

Sudan
West Kordofan State ⓘ Abu Tulu Iron Deposit	Vail (1978)

Sweden
Jönköping County Jönköping Gränna ⓘ Norra Kärr ?	Thulin (1996)
Örebro County Kumla ⓘ Kvarntorp	Lorin et al. (2009)

Switzerland
Grisons Moesa Region Mesocco ⓘ Cima di Gagela	Meyre et al. (1999)
Surselva Region Vals ⓘ Hohbüel meta-ophiolite outcrop	van der Plas et al. (1961)
Valais Entremont ⓘ Val de Bagnes	Erik Vercammen collection
Visp Saas-Almagell Allalin area ⓘ Allalinhorn	Stalder et al. (1998)
Täsch ⓘ Täsch Valley	Bracke (n.d.)
ⓘ Mellich glacier (Mellichen glacier)	Stalder et al. (1998)
ⓘ Pfulwe	Stalder et al. (1998)

Taiwan
Hualien County Zhuoxi Township ⓘ Ruixin Quarry	Huang (2018)

Timor Island


Turkey
Balikesir Province ⓘ Biga Peninsula	Okay et al. (2000)
Bursa Province ⓘ Orhaneli District	Okay (2002)
Çanakkale Province Ezine District ⓘ Çamlica	Okay et al. (2000)
Yenice District ⓘ Karakaya Complex	Tetiker et al. (2015)
Eskişehir Province ⓘ Sivrihisar Massif	DAVIS et al. (2006)
Kütahya Province Gediz District ⓘ Murat Dagi	Aral (1989)
Tavşanlı District ⓘ Tavşanlı	Okay (1981)
Samsun Province ⓘ Karakaya Complex	Tetiker et al. (2015)
ⓘ Tavşanlı Porphyry Belt	Kocatürk et al. (2025)
Tekirdag Province Şarköy District ⓘ Yeniköy-Kocaeli area	Şentürk et al. (1981-82)

UK
Scotland South Ayrshire ⓘ Knockormal Hill	Stephenson et al. (1999)

USA
Alaska Northwest Arctic Borough Kiana Mining District ⓘ Smucker Prospect (Charlie; Patti; Puzzle; Ambler 4-B)	Simpson (1983)
California Alameda County Berkeley Berkeley Hills ⓘ Unspecified Zeolite-Phosphate occurrences [1]	Brothers (1954) +3 other references
ⓘ Unnamed Garnet-Amphibole occurrence [1]	Pabst (1931) +2 other references
Livermore Mining District (Tesla District) Mendenhall Springs ⓘ Camp 9 deposit (Camp 9 Merchant; Cummings)	- (2005)
ⓘ Dewhirst Mine	- (2005)
Tesla ⓘ Unnamed Lawsonite occurrence [3]	Rogers (1915a) +3 other references
Calaveras County Murphys Mining District (Esmeralda Mining District; Sperry Mining District) Murphys ⓘ Collier Mine (Blood Mine; Sandwich Mine)	Hanks (1884) +1 other reference
Coastal Range Dos Rios ⓘ Burger Creek	Murdoch (1966) +2 other references
Laytonville ⓘ Laytonville Quarry	Chesterman (1966b) +3 other references
ⓘ Syke Ranch	Switzer (1951) +2 other references
Longvale North of Longvale ⓘ New Covelo Road roadcuts	Murdoch (1966) +2 other references
Contra Costa County Clayton Mount Diablo (Mt Diablo) ⓘ Turtle Rock Quarry	- (2005)
El Cerrito ⓘ Berkeley Country Club	Murdoch (1966)
ⓘ Unnamed Amphibole-Phosphate occurrence [1]	Murdoch (1966)
Del Norte County ⓘ Unspecified lawsonite-glaucophane occurrence [1]	Blake et al. (1967) +2 other references
ⓘ Diablo Range	Tsujimori
Fresno County ⓘ Panoche Hills	being a report of the California State ... +2 other references
Lake County East Mayacmas Mining District Castle Rock Springs ⓘ Wall Street Mine (Cincinnati Mine; Nevada Mine)	Hanks (1884) +2 other references
Los Angeles County Palos Verdes Estates ⓘ Malaga Cove	Reed (1928) +2 other references
San Pedro ⓘ Point Fermin	Sharp (1959) +3 other references
Santa Catalina Island ⓘ Connolly Pacific Quarry	Rowland (1984)
ⓘ Little Harbor	Smith (1897) +1 other reference
Marin County ⓘ Angel Island	Ransome (1894) +3 other references
ⓘ Nicasio	Switzer (1951) +2 other references
Tiburon Peninsula ⓘ California Point (Point Munroe)	Murdoch (1966)
ⓘ Reed Station	Ransome (1895) +7 other references
ⓘ Unnamed Glaucophane occurrence [1]	Murdoch (1966)
ⓘ Vonsen Ranch	Harvard Museum of Natural History ...
ⓘ Mendocino County	Blake et al. (1967) +2 other references
Cloverdale area Russian River ⓘ Rosenhahnite occurrence	Wolfe (1955)
San Benito County Glaucophane Ridge ⓘ Unnamed Lawsonite-Glaucophane occurrence [1]	Murdoch et al. (1966)
Panoche ⓘ Llanada Copper Mine	Murdoch (1966) +1 other reference
Picacho Peak ⓘ Clear Creek area	T. Tsujimori et al.
Santa Rita Peak ⓘ California State Gem Mine	Louderback (1909) +3 other references
ⓘ Clear Creek area benitoite occurrence	Pemberton (1983) +1 other reference
Stayton Mining District (McLeod Mining District; Panoche Mining District) Messic Mountain ⓘ Hawkins Mine (Hawkins Ranch)	- (2005)
San Bernardino County ⓘ Cascade Canyon ?	Merriam et al. (1936)
San Diego County ⓘ Rincon Mining District	Murdock et al. (1938) +1 other reference
San Luis Obispo County Santa Lucia Mts (Santa Lucia Range) ⓘ Cayucos	Smith (1906) +1 other reference
San Mateo County Redwood City ⓘ Unnamed Lawsonite occurrence [1]	Eakle (1906) +2 other references
Santa Clara County Black Wonder Mining District Black Mountain ⓘ Antonia claim	- (2005)
ⓘ Keller Mine group (Dead Oak and Black Horse claims)	- (2005)
Mount Hamilton ⓘ Garzas	Barrel Sidney Cowan (1978)
ⓘ Calaveras Valley	Rogers (1914) +1 other reference
ⓘ North End of Calaveras Valley	Nutter et al. (1902) +3 other references
ⓘ Mines Road cross section
Morgan Hill Cochrane Ranch (Cochran Ranch; Jackson Ranch) Cochrane Ranch (Cochran Ranch) area ⓘ Coyote Valley	Mineralogist (1936) +1 other reference
ⓘ Unnamed Glaucophane occurrence [2]	Holway (1904) +3 other references
ⓘ New Almaden Mining District	Hutton (1948) +2 other references
Oak Ridge ⓘ Hilton Gulch	Smith (1906) +3 other references
Pacheco Pass ⓘ Pacheco Pass area	McKee (1962) +2 other references
San Jose Oak Hill ⓘ Hillsdale Mine (Chaboya-Hillsdale Mine; San Juan Bautista Mine; San Juan Mine; San Juan Quicksilver Mine; Sheboya Mine; Chapman Mine; Oak Hill Mine)	Smith (1906) +2 other references
ⓘ Unspecified Glaucophane occurrence [1]	Carey (1907) +1 other reference
ⓘ Wilson Peak	Harris Mason specimen
Sonoma County Coast Range ⓘ Camp Meeker	Nutter et al. (1902) +4 other references
Cazadero ⓘ Unspecified Aragonite occurrence [1]	Coleman et al. (1962)
ⓘ Ward Creek [1]	... +5 other references
ⓘ Ward Creek [2]	Shibakusa et al. (1997)
Guerneville Mining District ⓘ Guerneville	Smith (1906) +1 other reference
Russian River Mining District Jenner ⓘ Mouth of the Russian River area	Pabst (1931) +3 other references
ⓘ Unnamed Eclogite outcrop [2]	Pemberton (1983) +2 other references
Warm Springs Dam Skaggs Springs ⓘ Unspecified Pumpellyite occurrence [1]	Irving et al. (1932) +2 other references
Healdsburg Junction School ⓘ Junction School area occurrences	Pabst (1931) +3 other references
ⓘ Mill Creek area	Switzer (1951) +5 other references
ⓘ Porter Creek	Switzer (1951) +5 other references
ⓘ Unnamed Eclogite occurrence [1]	Armstrong et al. (2004) +1 other reference
ⓘ Unspecified Glaucophane occurrence [1]	Nutter et al. (1902) +1 other reference
Santa Rosa ⓘ Melitta	Munteanu-Murgoci (1906) +4 other references
Sebastopol ⓘ Unnamed Glaucophane occurrence [3]	Travis (1952) +5 other references
ⓘ Valley Ford	Jeff Weisman
ⓘ Ebabias Creek	Keith et al. (1968) +2 other references
ⓘ Unnamed Glaucophane occurrence [2]	70 +4 other references
Stanislaus County Black Wonder Mining District Copper Mountain ⓘ Del Puerto Canyon (Arroyo del Puerto)	Hawkes +2 other references
Ladd-Buckeye Mining District Mount Oso ⓘ Buckeye Mine (Buckeye Mines; Wright Mine)	Huebner +3 other references
Colorado Chaffee County Sedalia Mining District ⓘ Sedalia Mine (Sedalia Copper Mine) ?	U.S. Geological Survey Professional ... +1 other reference
Idaho Lemhi County ⓘ Wiley Evans - Reese Esker Claims	- (2005)
Massachusetts Essex County ⓘ Marblehead ?	Gleba (2008)
ⓘ Salem ?	Emerson (1917)
Minnesota Saint Louis County ⓘ Foss Lake prospect ?	Frey et al. (2008)
Montana Ravalli County Mineral Point Mining District ⓘ Columbine claims (Columbite Occurrence (MRDS - 10221637))	Gobla (2012)
ⓘ Sheep Creek	Heinrich et al. (1962)
Woods Creek Deposits ⓘ Rocky Point No. 4 Occurrence	Heinrich et al. (1961)
ⓘ Rocky Point No. 5 occurrence	Heinrich et al. (1961)
New York Orange County Town of Monroe Lake Mombasha ⓘ ~~O'Neil Mine~~	Clarke (1921, September) +1 other reference
North Carolina ⓘ Alleghany County	National Geochemical Database -Rocks - ...
Oregon Coos County ⓘ Powers quarry	Muir Wood (1982)
South Dakota Pennington County Keystone Mining District Keystone ⓘ Edison Mine	Smith et al. (2000)
Vermont ⓘ Lamoille County	Rocks & Min. Vol. 71 (1996)
Orleans County ⓘ Eclogite Brook locality	Rocks & Min. Vol. 71 (1996)
ⓘ Tillotson Peak area	Rocks & Min. Vol. 71 (1996)
Washington Jefferson County ⓘ Dosewallips Pass	Cannon (1975)
Kittitas County Mineral Creek ⓘ Mineral Creek Mine (Durrwachter Mine; Liberty Lode Mine)	Cannon (1975)
Pend Oreille County Metaline Mining District ⓘ O.K. Mine	Cannon (1975)
Skagit County Hamilton Mining District ⓘ Hamilton Mine	Cannon (1975)

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Glaucophane

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