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Monte Calvario, Biancavilla, Metropolitan City of Catania, Sicily, Italyi
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Monte Calvario | Mountain |
| Biancavilla | Commune |
| Metropolitan City of Catania | Metropolitan City |
| Sicily | Autonomous Region |
| Italy | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
37° 38' 27'' North , 14° 52' 32'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Kรถppen climate type:
Nearest Settlements:
| Place | Population | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Biancavilla | 23,188 (2014) | 0.9km |
| Santa Maria di Licodia | 6,810 (2014) | 3.1km |
| Adrano | 34,446 (2015) | 4.5km |
| Prato Fiorito | 208 (2014) | 5.8km |
| Ragalna | 3,302 (2014) | 6.3km |
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Mt Calvario
Name(s) in local language(s):
Monte Calvario, Biancavilla, Complesso Vulcanico dell'Etna, Catania, Sicilia, Italia
Today collecting is forbidden, the quarry is closed, and work is underway to transform the site into a public park.
The minerals were discovered in metasomatized benmoreites.
The Monte Calvario quarry could represent a fossil analogue of the exceptional kind of arsenate mineralization associated with fumarolic environments accurately described by Pekov from the currently active Arsenatnaya fumarole from Tolbachik. In particular, the mineral assemblage of Monte Calvario seems to be characteristic of the deepest portion of the fumarole system.
The minerals were discovered in metasomatized benmoreites.
The Monte Calvario quarry could represent a fossil analogue of the exceptional kind of arsenate mineralization associated with fumarolic environments accurately described by Pekov from the currently active Arsenatnaya fumarole from Tolbachik. In particular, the mineral assemblage of Monte Calvario seems to be characteristic of the deepest portion of the fumarole system.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsMineral List
24 valid minerals. 2 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 2 erroneous literature entries.
Rock Types Recorded
Select Rock List Type
Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
| โ Aegirine-augite Formula: (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6 |
| โ Albite Formula: Na(AlSi3O8) |
| โ 'Amphibole Supergroup' Formula: AB2C5(T8O22)W2 |
| โ Augite Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| โ Badalovite Formula: Na2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3 References: |
| โ Calciojohillerite Formula: NaCaMg3(AsO4)3 References: |
| โ Diopside Formula: CaMgSi2O6 |
| โ Enstatite Formula: Mg2Si2O6 |
| โ 'Enstatite-Ferrosilite Series' Description: Enstatite-ferrosilite series in this locality was previously called 'hyperstene' which was discredited after the publications listed below but it is corrected to recognize in it a member of enstatite-ferrosilite series.
- Preite, D. (1982): I minerali etnei di Biancavilla (CT). Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 6(4), 112-114.
- Preite, D. (1985): Note di mineralogia italiana: augite e flogopite di Biancavilla (CT). Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 9(4), 144.
- Preite, D. (1985): Die Fundstelle Biancavilla am รtna, Italien. Lapis, 10(3), 23.
- Sicurella, G., Ciriotti, M.E., Gianfagna, A., Mazziotti-Tagliani, S., Blass, G. (2010): Minerali di Monte Calvario, Biancavilla (Catania, Sicilia). Micro (localitร ), 2/2010, 329-368. References: |
| โ Fayalite ? Formula: Fe2+2(SiO4) |
| โ 'Feldspar Group' |
| โ Fluorapatite Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F |
| โ Fluorite Formula: CaF2 |
| โช Fluoro-edenite (TL) Formula: NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 Type Locality: Habit: Prismatic
Acicular
Asbestos-like Colour: Bright yellow |
| โ Fluorophlogopite (TL) Formula: KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2 Type Locality: References: |
| โ Fluoro-richterite Formula: Na(CaNa)Mg5(Si8O22)F2 |
| โ Fluoro-tremolite Formula: ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)F2 Habit: fibrous Description: Amphiboles at this locality occurs as prismatic crystals in small cavities in teh rock and as fibrous masses in the groundmass. The prismatic crystals fall in the fluoro-edenite compositional space, there is more variation in the chemistry of the fibrous amphiboles in teh rock groundmass. The fibrous amphiboles is fluor dominant and falls within the tremolite, edenite, richterite and winchite sompositional space. References: Gianfagna, A., Andreozzi, G. B., Ballirano, P., Mazziotti-Tagliani, S., Bruni, B. M. (2007) STRUCTURAL AND CHEMICAL CONTRASTS BETWEEN PRISMATIC AND FIBROUS FLUORO-EDENITE FROM BIANCAVILLA, SICILY, ITALY. The Canadian Mineralogist, 45 (2) 249-262 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.45.2.249 Andreozzi, G. B., Ballirano, P., Gianfagna, A., Mazziotti-Tagliani, S., Pacella, A. (2009) Structural and spectroscopic characterization of a suite of fibrous amphiboles with high environmental and health relevance from Biancavilla (Sicily, Italy) American Mineralogist, 94 (10) 1333-1340 doi:10.2138/am.2009.3214 |
| โ 'Fluoro-winchite' Formula: ◻(CaNa)(Mg4Al)(Si8O22)F2 Description: Amphiboles at this locality occurs as prismatic crystals in small cavities in teh rock and as fibrous masses in the groundmass. The prismatic crystals fall in the fluoro-edenite compositional space, there is more variation in the chemistry of the fibrous amphiboles in teh rock groundmass. The fibrous amphiboles is fluor dominant and falls within the tremolite, edenite, richterite and winchite sompositional space. References: Gianfagna, A., Andreozzi, G. B., Ballirano, P., Mazziotti-Tagliani, S., Bruni, B. M. (2007) STRUCTURAL AND CHEMICAL CONTRASTS BETWEEN PRISMATIC AND FIBROUS FLUORO-EDENITE FROM BIANCAVILLA, SICILY, ITALY. The Canadian Mineralogist, 45 (2) 249-262 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.45.2.249 Andreozzi, G. B., Ballirano, P., Gianfagna, A., Mazziotti-Tagliani, S., Pacella, A. (2009) Structural and spectroscopic characterization of a suite of fibrous amphiboles with high environmental and health relevance from Biancavilla (Sicily, Italy) American Mineralogist, 94 (10) 1333-1340 doi:10.2138/am.2009.3214 |
| โ Goethite ? Formula: Fe3+O(OH) |
| โ Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 |
| โ Hiortdahlite ? Formula: Na2Ca4(Ca0.5Zr0.5)Zr(Si2O7)2OF3 |
| โ Hydroxylapatite Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(OH) References: Analized by Marco Ciriotti, 2016 - Alfonso Frรญas Forcada CollectionIdentification: SEM-EDS, Raman Spectroscopy |
| โ Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4 References: |
| โ Pigeonite Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 References: Analized by Marco Ciriotti, 2016 - Alfonso Frรญas Forcada CollectionIdentification: SEM-EDS, Raman Spectroscopy |
| โ Pseudobrookite Formula: Fe3+2Ti4+O5 |
| โ 'Pyroxene Group' Formula: ADSi2O6 |
| โ Formula: SiO2 |
| โ Sanidine Formula: K(AlSi3O8) |
| โ Tridymite Formula: SiO2 |
| โ Yuanfuliite Formula: Mg(Fe3+,Al)O(BO3) |
| โ Zircon Formula: Zr(SiO4) |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| โ | Fluorite | 3.AB.25 | CaF2 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| โ | Magnetite ? | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| โ | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| โ | Pseudobrookite | 4.CB.15 | Fe3+2Ti4+O5 |
| โ | Quartz ? | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| โ | Tridymite | 4.DA.10 | SiO2 |
| โ | Goethite ? | 4.FD.10 | Fe3+O(OH) |
| Group 6 - Borates | |||
| โ | Yuanfuliite | 6.AB.20 | Mg(Fe3+,Al)O(BO3) |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| โ | Badalovite | 8.AC.05 | Na2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3 |
| โ | Calciojohillerite | 8.AC.05 | NaCaMg3(AsO4)3 |
| โ | Fluorapatite | 8.BN.05 | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| โ | Hydroxylapatite | 8.BN.05 | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| โ | Fayalite ? | 9.AC.05 | Fe2+2(SiO4) |
| โ | Zircon | 9.AD.30 | Zr(SiO4) |
| โ | Hiortdahlite ? | 9.BE.17 | Na2Ca4(Ca0.5Zr0.5)Zr(Si2O7)2OF3 |
| โ | Enstatite | 9.DA.05 | Mg2Si2O6 |
| โ | Pigeonite | 9.DA.10 | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| โ | Augite | 9.DA.15 | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| โ | Diopside | 9.DA.15 | CaMgSi2O6 |
| โ | Aegirine-augite | 9.DA.20 | (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6 |
| โ | Fluoro-tremolite | 9.DE.10 | โปCa2Mg5(Si8O22)F2 |
| โ | Fluoro-edenite (TL) | 9.DE.15 | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| โ | Fluoro-richterite | 9.DE.20 | Na(CaNa)Mg5(Si8O22)F2 |
| โ | 'Fluoro-winchite' | 9.DE.20 | โป(CaNa)(Mg4Al)(Si8O22)F2 |
| โ | Fluorophlogopite (TL) | 9.EC.20 | KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2 |
| โ | Sanidine | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| โ | Albite | 9.FA.35 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Unclassified | |||
| โ | 'Amphibole Supergroup' | - | AB2C5(T8O22)W2 |
| โ | 'Feldspar Group' | - | |
| โ | 'Enstatite-Ferrosilite Series' | - | |
| โ | 'Pyroxene Group' | - | ADSi2O6 |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | โ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | โ Hydroxylapatite | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) |
| B | Boron | |
| B | โ Yuanfuliite | Mg(Fe3+,Al)O(BO3) |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | โ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| O | โ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| O | โ Amphibole Supergroup | AB2C5(T8O22)W2 |
| O | โ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| O | โ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| O | โ Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| O | โ Fayalite | Fe22+(SiO4) |
| O | โ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| O | โ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | โ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | โ Hiortdahlite | Na2Ca4(Ca0.5Zr0.5)Zr(Si2O7)2OF3 |
| O | โ Hydroxylapatite | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) |
| O | โ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | โ Pigeonite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| O | โ Pseudobrookite | Fe23+Ti4+O5 |
| O | โ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | โ Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | โ Tridymite | SiO2 |
| O | โ Yuanfuliite | Mg(Fe3+,Al)O(BO3) |
| O | โ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| O | โ Fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| O | โ Fluoro-richterite | Na(CaNa)Mg5(Si8O22)F2 |
| O | โ Enstatite-Ferrosilite Series | |
| O | โ Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| O | โ Fluorophlogopite | KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2 |
| O | โ Fluoro-tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)F2 |
| O | โ Fluoro-winchite | ◻(CaNa)(Mg4Al)(Si8O22)F2 |
| O | โ Badalovite | Na2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3 |
| O | โ Calciojohillerite | NaCaMg3(AsO4)3 |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | โ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| F | โ Fluorite | CaF2 |
| F | โ Hiortdahlite | Na2Ca4(Ca0.5Zr0.5)Zr(Si2O7)2OF3 |
| F | โ Fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| F | โ Fluoro-richterite | Na(CaNa)Mg5(Si8O22)F2 |
| F | โ Fluorophlogopite | KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2 |
| F | โ Fluoro-tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)F2 |
| F | โ Fluoro-winchite | ◻(CaNa)(Mg4Al)(Si8O22)F2 |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | โ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| Na | โ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Na | โ Hiortdahlite | Na2Ca4(Ca0.5Zr0.5)Zr(Si2O7)2OF3 |
| Na | โ Fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| Na | โ Fluoro-richterite | Na(CaNa)Mg5(Si8O22)F2 |
| Na | โ Fluoro-winchite | ◻(CaNa)(Mg4Al)(Si8O22)F2 |
| Na | โ Badalovite | Na2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3 |
| Na | โ Calciojohillerite | NaCaMg3(AsO4)3 |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | โ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| Mg | โ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Mg | โ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Mg | โ Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| Mg | โ Pigeonite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Mg | โ Yuanfuliite | Mg(Fe3+,Al)O(BO3) |
| Mg | โ Fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| Mg | โ Fluoro-richterite | Na(CaNa)Mg5(Si8O22)F2 |
| Mg | โ Enstatite-Ferrosilite Series | |
| Mg | โ Fluorophlogopite | KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2 |
| Mg | โ Fluoro-tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)F2 |
| Mg | โ Fluoro-winchite | ◻(CaNa)(Mg4Al)(Si8O22)F2 |
| Mg | โ Badalovite | Na2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3 |
| Mg | โ Calciojohillerite | NaCaMg3(AsO4)3 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | โ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| Al | โ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | โ Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | โ Yuanfuliite | Mg(Fe3+,Al)O(BO3) |
| Al | โ Fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| Al | โ Fluorophlogopite | KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2 |
| Al | โ Fluoro-winchite | ◻(CaNa)(Mg4Al)(Si8O22)F2 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | โ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| Si | โ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | โ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Si | โ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Si | โ Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| Si | โ Fayalite | Fe22+(SiO4) |
| Si | โ Hiortdahlite | Na2Ca4(Ca0.5Zr0.5)Zr(Si2O7)2OF3 |
| Si | โ Pigeonite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Si | โ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | โ Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | โ Tridymite | SiO2 |
| Si | โ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Si | โ Fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| Si | โ Fluoro-richterite | Na(CaNa)Mg5(Si8O22)F2 |
| Si | โ Enstatite-Ferrosilite Series | |
| Si | โ Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| Si | โ Fluorophlogopite | KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2 |
| Si | โ Fluoro-tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)F2 |
| Si | โ Fluoro-winchite | ◻(CaNa)(Mg4Al)(Si8O22)F2 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | โ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| P | โ Hydroxylapatite | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | โ Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| K | โ Fluorophlogopite | KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | โ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| Ca | โ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Ca | โ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Ca | โ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| Ca | โ Fluorite | CaF2 |
| Ca | โ Hiortdahlite | Na2Ca4(Ca0.5Zr0.5)Zr(Si2O7)2OF3 |
| Ca | โ Hydroxylapatite | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) |
| Ca | โ Pigeonite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Ca | โ Fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| Ca | โ Fluoro-richterite | Na(CaNa)Mg5(Si8O22)F2 |
| Ca | โ Fluoro-tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)F2 |
| Ca | โ Fluoro-winchite | ◻(CaNa)(Mg4Al)(Si8O22)F2 |
| Ca | โ Calciojohillerite | NaCaMg3(AsO4)3 |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | โ Pseudobrookite | Fe23+Ti4+O5 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | โ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| Fe | โ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Fe | โ Fayalite | Fe22+(SiO4) |
| Fe | โ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | โ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | โ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | โ Pigeonite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Fe | โ Pseudobrookite | Fe23+Ti4+O5 |
| Fe | โ Yuanfuliite | Mg(Fe3+,Al)O(BO3) |
| Fe | โ Enstatite-Ferrosilite Series | |
| Fe | โ Badalovite | Na2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3 |
| As | Arsenic | |
| As | โ Badalovite | Na2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3 |
| As | โ Calciojohillerite | NaCaMg3(AsO4)3 |
| Zr | Zirconium | |
| Zr | โ Hiortdahlite | Na2Ca4(Ca0.5Zr0.5)Zr(Si2O7)2OF3 |
| Zr | โ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
Other Databases
| Wikipedia: | https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignimbrite_di_Biancavilla-Montalto |
|---|---|
| Wikidata ID: | Q3792388 |
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
African PlateTectonic Plate
Eurasian Plate
- Mount EtnaVolcanic Arc
EuropeContinent
Italy
- Sicily
- Metropolitan City of Catania
- Etna Volcanic ComplexComplex
- Metropolitan City of Catania
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References
Gianfagna, Antonio, Oberti, Roberta (2001) Fluoro-edenite from Biancavilla (Catania, Sicily, Italy): Crystal chemistry of a new amphibole end-member. American Mineralogist, 86 (11) 1489-1493 doi:10.2138/am-2001-11-1217
Comba, Pietro; Gianfagna, Antonio; Paoletti, Luigi (2003) Pleural Mesothelioma Cases in Biancavilla are Related to a New Fluoro-Edenite Fibrous Amphibole. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal, 58 (4). 229-232 doi:10.3200/aeoh.58.4.229-232
Gianfagna, A., Ballirano, P., Bellatreccia, F., Bruni, B., Paoletti, L., Oberti, R. (2003) Characterization of amphibole fibres linked to mesothelioma in the area of Biancavilla, Eastern Sicily, Italy. Mineralogical Magazine, 67 (6) 1221-1229 doi:10.1180/0026461036760160
Burragato, F., Comba, P., Baiocchi, V., Palladino, D. M., Simei, S., Gianfagna, A., Paoletti, L., Pasetto, R. (2005) Geo-volcanological, mineralogical and environmental aspects of quarry materials related to pleural neoplasm in the area of Biancavilla, Mount Etna (Eastern Sicily, Italy) Environmental Geology, 47 (6) 855-868 doi:10.1007/s00254-004-1217-7
[1]Mauro, Daniela; Sejkora, Jiลรญ; Dolnรญฤek, Zdenฤk (2025) Badalovite, NaNaMg(MgFe3+)(AsO4)3, and associated calciojohillerite, NaCaMgMg2(AsO4)3, from Biancavilla, Etna volcanic complex, Sicily, Italy: occurrence and crystal chemistry. Mineralogical Magazine, 89 (4). 526-534 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.8
Monte Calvario, Biancavilla, Metropolitan City of Catania, Sicily, Italy