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Almandine-Spessartine Series

A solid-solution series between two end-member minerals
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About Almandine-Spessartine SeriesHide

Crystal System:
Isometric
Series Formula:
Fe32+Al2(SiO4)3 to Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3
A series between Almandine and Spessartine


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
8591
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:8591:1

Optical Data of Almandine-Spessartine SeriesHide

Age distributionHide

Recorded ages:
Phanerozoic : 82.4 ยฑ 0.9 Ma to 0 Ma - based on 30 recorded ages.
Sample ages:
Sample IDRecorded ageGeologic TimeDating method
182.4 ยฑ 0.9 to MaLate/Upper CretaceousU-Pb from zircon

Chemical AnalysisHide

Oxide wt%:
Showing 12 of 30 analyses on this page.
 123456789101112
SiO236,94 %38.21 %40.13 %36.1 %38.90 %38.03 %39.92 %39.10 %38.80 %35.83 %35.1 %39.06 %
Al2O321,27 %20.98 %22.97 %20.2 %21.19 %21.48 %22.37 %22.83 %21.30 %20.73 %20.3 %22.06 %
FeO27,46 %24.62 %19.39 %25 %23.12 %19.77 %17.67 %27.48 %20.42 %0.6 %23.23 %
MnO4,78 %0.98 %0.36 %15 %0.30 %0.3 %0.42 %0.26 %0.55 %23.05 %40.0 %0.11 %
MgO1,77 %5.0 %10.42 %0.51 %7.39 %3.72 %9.60 %8.81 %11.12 %0.00 %7.23 %
CaO7,79 %9.42 %7.54 %0.46 %8.02 %10.35 %7.92 %11.29 %0.63 %0.23 %0.62 %8.31 %
TiO20.08 %0.04 %0.05 %0.05 %0.00 %0.05 %0.04 %0.01 %
Cr2O30.12 %0.06 %0.03 %0.02 %
NiO.00 %
Na2O0.02 %
K2O
Fe2O30.39 %1.1 %3.6 %0.33 %
Sc2O30.02 %
REE2O30.03 %0.045 %
V2O5
ZnO0.010 %0.048 %
Y2O30.09 %0.052 %
FeOt25.80 %
Total:96 %99.29 %101.2 %98.56 %98.92 %99.68 %100.17 %100.01 %99.94 %100.36 %100.405 %100.36 %
Empirical formulas:
Sample IDEmpirical Formula
13Alm55.5 Sps43.9
14Alm54,46Sps43,26
4alm59,97sps36,44
15(Fe2+2.104Mg0.397Mn0.114Ca0.382)2.994(Al1.985Fe3+0.015)2Si3.007O12
5(Fe2+1.459Mg0.860Mn0.020Ca0.663)2.994(Al1.926Fe3+0.074)2Si3O12
16(Fe2+2.00Mg0.38 Ca0.61) ฮฃ 2.99 (Al1.93Fe3+0.07) ฮฃ 2.00 Si3O12
6(Fe2+1.70Mg0.44Mn0.02Ca0.87) ฮฃ 3.03 Al1.99 Si2.99O12
17(Fe2+2.05 Mn2+0.06Mg0.28 Ca0.65) ฮฃ 3.04 (Al1.97Cr3+0.01) ฮฃ 1.98 Si2 ยท 97O12
18(Fe2+1.42 Mn2+0.02Mg0.79 Ca0.67) ฮฃ 2.90 (Al2.02Cr3+0.01) ฮฃ 2.03 Si2 ยท 99O12
7(Fe2+1.25Mg1.08 Ca0.64Mn0.03) ฮฃ 3.00Al1.99Si3.01O12
19(Fe2+1.35Mg0.87 Ca0.73Mn0.06) ฮฃ 3.00Al1.99Si3.00O12
8(Fe2+1.12Mg0.99 Ca0.91Mn0.02) ฮฃ 3.11Al2.03Si2.95O12
20(Fe2+1.36 Mg0.81 Ca0.78 Mn0.04) ฮฃ 2.99 (Al1.94 Fe3+0.06 Ti0.01) ฮฃ 2.01 Si3.00O12
21(Fe2+1.32Mg1.08 Ca0.60Mn0.04) ฮฃ3.04Al1.97Si3.00O12
9Alml54.33Pyr42.73Grs1.61Sps1.2
22(Fe2+1.90Ca0.86Mg0.16Mn0.08)ฮฃ3.00(Al1.90Fe3+0.10Cr3+0.01) ฮฃ 2.01 Si2.98O12
10sps54.43alm44,88
23alm42,29sps52,44
11sps96.97alm1.34
24sps68.89alm29.05
Sample references:
IDLocalityReferenceNotes
1Roadcut Rv 5, Kvineset, Fรธrde, Sunnfjord, Vestland, NorwayGarnet from a glaucophane bearing eclogite, giving alm59.3prp7.14grso21.68sps10.96adr0.92. The composition is fairly typical for the locality.
2Vรฅrdalsneset, Askvoll, Vestland, NorwaySample from amphibolite
3Sandvikhaugane, Flemsรธya-Skulรธya, Haram, ร…lesund, Mรธre og Romsdal, NorwaySample from a transitional phase between gabbro and eclogite
4Steli Feldspar Quarry, Tveit, Iveland, Agder, NorwayThe sample is a homogenous garnet from a muscovite/garnet/monazite/columbite pegmatite. Sample analyzed with EMPA and LA-ICP-MS, and the results are the average of 6 analyzes.
5Charakoma eclogite, Soufli, Evros, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, GreeceEMPA analysis from the rim of a garnet porphyroblast in a kyanite-eclogite
6Kovalo eclogites, Kechros, Arriana, Rhodope, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, GreeceEMPA analysis of the rim of a garnet from a retrogressed amphibolite facies eclogite. The garnet re-crystallised during decompression.
7Steinsteg eclogite, Frosnitz valley, Matrei in Osttirol, Lienz District, Tyrol, AustriaEMPA analysis from the rim of a pink garnets of <3 mm in diameter from a kyanite-eclogite
8Nogva eclogite outcrop, Flemsรธya-Skulรธya, Haram, ร…lesund, Mรธre og Romsdal, NorwayEMPA analysis ( University of Massachusetts) of a garnet from a garnet-rich layer in an eclogite
9Kosavankovilpatti, Madurai District, Tamil Nadu, IndiaThis is the most Fe rich garnet from a total of 9 analyses from a granulite facies cordierite/garnet gneiss. EMPA analysis
10Dassu, Braldu Valley, Shigar District, Gilgit-Baltistan, PakistanAnalysis from the rim of a pegmatite garnet.
11Solรฅs Pegmatite, Iveland, Agder, NorwaySample from cleavelandite zone in pegmatite. The sample is analyzed using EMPA and LA-ICP-MS, and the results are the average of 4 analyzes.
12Kesandere valley eclogites, Bitlis Province, TurkeyEMPA analysis of primary eclogite garnet
13Yuno high mines, Shigar Valley, Shigar District, Gilgit-Baltistan, PakistanThe sample is from a pegmatite. Both core and rim of the sample was analyzed with no significant difference in composition.
14Dassu, Braldu Valley, Shigar District, Gilgit-Baltistan, PakistanSample from pegmatite. The analysis is from the core.
15Charakoma eclogite, Soufli, Evros, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, GreeceEMPA analysis from the core of a garnet porphyroblast in a kyanite-eclogite
16Kovalo eclogites, Kechros, Arriana, Rhodope, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, GreeceEMPA analysis of the rim of a garnet porphyroblast in an eclogite
17Eissee eclogite, Timmelbach valley, Prรคgraten am GroรŸvenediger, Lienz District, Tyrol, AustriaEMPA analysis of an euhedral garnet in contact with omphacite (sample OM/10 - see omphacite) in a kyanite-eclogite.
18  "  "EMPA analysis of an euhedral garnet in a kyanite-eclogite. This is the most Mg-rich composition found at the locality by Hoschek (2004)
19Steinsteg eclogite, Frosnitz valley, Matrei in Osttirol, Lienz District, Tyrol, AustriaEMPA analysis from the rim of a post-eclogite-facies garnet porphyroblast from a quartz-carbonate micaschist
20Hohl-Felsen eclogite, Wernersdorf, Wies, Deutschlandsberg District, Styria, AustriaEMPA analysis (University of Vienna) of an euhedral garnet crystal in an eclogite matrix.
21Obidim eclogite, Bansko Municipality, Blagoevgrad Province, BulgariaEMPA analysis ( State Geological Institute of Dionyz Stur in Bratislava).of the intermediate zone of a zoned eclogite garnet.
22Eclogite outcrops, Shang Sumdo rรฉgion, Leh District, Ladakh, IndiaEMPA analysis of the rim of a garnet from an eclogite.
23Frikstad 07 Feldspar Quarry, Frikstad, Iveland, Agder, NorwayThe sample is a homogenous garnet from "primitive" REE rich pegmatite. Sample analyzed with EMPA and LA-ICP-MS, and the results are the average of 6 analyzes.
24Solรฅs Pegmatite, Iveland, Agder, NorwaySample from intermediate zone in pegmatite. The sample is analyzed using EMPA and LA-ICP-MS, and the results are the average of 4 analyzes

Crystallography of Almandine-Spessartine SeriesHide

Crystal System:
Isometric

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0009927SpessartineGramaccioli C M, Pilati T, Demartin F, (2002) Atomic displacement parameters for spessartine Mn3Al2Si3O12 and their lattice-dynamical interpretation Acta Crystallographica B58 965-9692002Elba Isle, Campo, Italy0293
0007903AlmandineQuartieri S, Chaboy J, Merli M, Oberti R, Ungaretti L (1995) Local structural environment of calcium in garnets: A combined structure-refinement and XANES investigation Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 22 159-1691995metasedimentary rocks of the Ivrea-Verbano Zone, Italy0293
0007902AlmandineQuartieri S, Chaboy J, Merli M, Oberti R, Ungaretti L (1995) Local structural environment of calcium in garnets: A combined structure-refinement and XANES investigation Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 22 159-1691995metasedimentary rocks of the Ivrea-Verbano Zone, Italy0293
0007901AlmandineQuartieri S, Chaboy J, Merli M, Oberti R, Ungaretti L (1995) Local structural environment of calcium in garnets: A combined structure-refinement and XANES investigation Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 22 159-1691995metasedimentary rocks of the Ivrea-Verbano Zone, Italy0293
0000241SpessartineNovak G A, Gibbs G V (1971) The crystal chemistry of the silicate garnets sample Sp American Mineralogist 56 791-8251971Minas Gerais, Brazil0293
0000240AlmandineNovak G A, Gibbs G V (1971) The crystal chemistry of the silicate garnets sample Al American Mineralogist 56 791-8251971Emerald creek in Latah Co, Idaho, USA0293
0002788SpessartineRodehorst U, Geiger C A, Armbruster T (2002) The crystal structures of grossular and spessartine between 100 and 600 K and the crystal chemistry of grossular-spessartine solid solutions American Mineralogist 87 542-54920020293
0002787SpessartineRodehorst U, Geiger C A, Armbruster T (2002) The crystal structures of grossular and spessartine between 100 and 600 K and the crystal chemistry of grossular-spessartine solid solutions American Mineralogist 87 542-54920020293
0002786SpessartineRodehorst U, Geiger C A, Armbruster T (2002) The crystal structures of grossular and spessartine between 100 and 600 K and the crystal chemistry of grossular-spessartine solid solutions American Mineralogist 87 542-54920020293
0002785SpessartineRodehorst U, Geiger C A, Armbruster T (2002) The crystal structures of grossular and spessartine between 100 and 600 K and the crystal chemistry of grossular-spessartine solid solutions American Mineralogist 87 542-54920020293
0002784SpessartineRodehorst U, Geiger C A, Armbruster T (2002) The crystal structures of grossular and spessartine between 100 and 600 K and the crystal chemistry of grossular-spessartine solid solutions American Mineralogist 87 542-54920020293
0002783SpessartineRodehorst U, Geiger C A, Armbruster T (2002) The crystal structures of grossular and spessartine between 100 and 600 K and the crystal chemistry of grossular-spessartine solid solutions American Mineralogist 87 542-54920020293
0002782SpessartineRodehorst U, Geiger C A, Armbruster T (2002) The crystal structures of grossular and spessartine between 100 and 600 K and the crystal chemistry of grossular-spessartine solid solutions American Mineralogist 87 542-54920020293
0002781SpessartineRodehorst U, Geiger C A, Armbruster T (2002) The crystal structures of grossular and spessartine between 100 and 600 K and the crystal chemistry of grossular-spessartine solid solutions American Mineralogist 87 542-54920020293
0002780SpessartineRodehorst U, Geiger C A, Armbruster T (2002) The crystal structures of grossular and spessartine between 100 and 600 K and the crystal chemistry of grossular-spessartine solid solutions American Mineralogist 87 542-54920020293
0002779SpessartineRodehorst U, Geiger C A, Armbruster T (2002) The crystal structures of grossular and spessartine between 100 and 600 K and the crystal chemistry of grossular-spessartine solid solutions American Mineralogist 87 542-54920020293
0002778SpessartineRodehorst U, Geiger C A, Armbruster T (2002) The crystal structures of grossular and spessartine between 100 and 600 K and the crystal chemistry of grossular-spessartine solid solutions American Mineralogist 87 542-54920020293
0002777SpessartineRodehorst U, Geiger C A, Armbruster T (2002) The crystal structures of grossular and spessartine between 100 and 600 K and the crystal chemistry of grossular-spessartine solid solutions American Mineralogist 87 542-54920020293
0002776SpessartineRodehorst U, Geiger C A, Armbruster T (2002) The crystal structures of grossular and spessartine between 100 and 600 K and the crystal chemistry of grossular-spessartine solid solutions American Mineralogist 87 542-54920020293
0007863AlmandineWoodland A B, Ross C R (1994) A crystallographic and Mossbauer spectroscopy study of Fe3Al2Si3O12-Fe3Fe2Si3O12, (Almandine-"Skiagite") and Ca3Fe2Si3O12-Fe3Fe2Si3O12 (Andradite-"Skiagite") garnet solid solutions Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 21 117-13219940293
0007862AlmandineWoodland A B, Ross C R (1994) A crystallographic and Mossbauer spectroscopy study of Fe3Al2Si3O12-Fe3Fe2Si3O12, (Almandine-"Skiagite") and Ca3Fe2Si3O12-Fe3Fe2Si3O12 (Andradite-"Skiagite") garnet solid solutions Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 21 117-13219940293
0007861AlmandineWoodland A B, Ross C R (1994) A crystallographic and Mossbauer spectroscopy study of Fe3Al2Si3O12-Fe3Fe2Si3O12, (Almandine-"Skiagite") and Ca3Fe2Si3O12-Fe3Fe2Si3O12 (Andradite-"Skiagite") garnet solid solutions Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 21 117-13219940293
0007859AlmandineWoodland A B, Ross C R (1994) A crystallographic and Mossbauer spectroscopy study of Fe3Al2Si3O12-Fe3Fe2Si3O12, (Almandine-"Skiagite") and Ca3Fe2Si3O12-Fe3Fe2Si3O12 (Andradite-"Skiagite") garnet solid solutions Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 21 117-13219940293
0007693AlmandineGeiger C A, Armbruster T, Lager G A, Jiang K, Lottermoser W, Amthauer G (1992) A combined temperature dependent 57Fe Mossbauer and single crystal X-ray diffraction study of synthetic almandine: evidence for the Gol'danskii-Karyagin Effect Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 19 121-12619920293
0007692AlmandineGeiger C A, Armbruster T, Lager G A, Jiang K, Lottermoser W, Amthauer G (1992) A combined temperature dependent 57Fe Mossbauer and single crystal X-ray diffraction study of synthetic almandine: evidence for the Gol'danskii-Karyagin Effect Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 19 121-12619920293
0007691AlmandineGeiger C A, Armbruster T, Lager G A, Jiang K, Lottermoser W, Amthauer G (1992) A combined temperature dependent 57Fe Mossbauer and single crystal X-ray diffraction study of synthetic almandine: evidence for the Gol'danskii-Karyagin Effect Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 19 121-12619920293
0007690AlmandineGeiger C A, Armbruster T, Lager G A, Jiang K, Lottermoser W, Amthauer G (1992) A combined temperature dependent 57Fe Mossbauer and single crystal X-ray diffraction study of synthetic almandine: evidence for the Gol'danskii-Karyagin Effect Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 19 121-12619920293
0007689AlmandineGeiger C A, Armbruster T, Lager G A, Jiang K, Lottermoser W, Amthauer G (1992) A combined temperature dependent 57Fe Mossbauer and single crystal X-ray diffraction study of synthetic almandine: evidence for the Gol'danskii-Karyagin Effect Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 19 121-12619920293
0001469AlmandineArmbruster T, Geiger C A, Lager G A (1992) Single-crystal X-ray structure study of synthetic pyrope almandine garnets at 100 and 293 K American Mineralogist 77 512-52119920293
0001468AlmandineArmbruster T, Geiger C A, Lager G A (1992) Single-crystal X-ray structure study of synthetic pyrope almandine garnets at 100 and 293 K American Mineralogist 77 512-52119920293
0001299SpessartineSmyth J R, Madel R E, McCormick T C, Munoz J L, Rossman G R (1990) Crystal-structure refinement of a F-bearing spessartine garnet American Mineralogist 75 314-31819900293
0017914AlmandineHeritsch H (1933) Roentgenographische Untersuchungen an einem Granat aus der Lieserschlucht bei Spittal a. d. Drau (Kaernten) _cod_database_code 1010999 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 85 392-40319330293
0001464AlmandineArmbruster T, Geiger C A, Lager G A (1992) Single-crystal X-ray structure study of synthetic pyrope almandine garnets at 100 and 293 K American Mineralogist 77 512-52119920100
0001463AlmandineArmbruster T, Geiger C A, Lager G A (1992) Single-crystal X-ray structure study of synthetic pyrope almandine garnets at 100 and 293 K American Mineralogist 77 512-52119920100
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
45 photos of Almandine-Spessartine Series associated with QuartzSiO2
37 photos of Almandine-Spessartine Series associated with MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
26 photos of Almandine-Spessartine Series associated with AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
22 photos of Almandine-Spessartine Series associated with MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
12 photos of Almandine-Spessartine Series associated with FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
10 photos of Almandine-Spessartine Series associated with SchorlNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
10 photos of Almandine-Spessartine Series associated with BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
10 photos of Almandine-Spessartine Series associated with BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
9 photos of Almandine-Spessartine Series associated with Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
6 photos of Almandine-Spessartine Series associated with BaveniteCa4Be2Al2Si9O26(OH)2

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Almandine-Spessartine Series in petrologyHide

Internet Links for Almandine-Spessartine SeriesHide

References for Almandine-Spessartine SeriesHide

Reference List:

Localities for Almandine-Spessartine SeriesHide

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