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Tolovkite

A valid IMA mineral species
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05635390017903044991354.jpg
Tolovkite, etc.

Horokanai placer, Uryugawa, Uryu District, Kamikawa Subprefecture, Hokkaidō Prefecture, Japan
07777750017271927261599.jpg
Tolovkite, etc.

Ust'-Bel'skii ultrabasic Massif, Koryak Okrug, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
09318820017375990542264.jpg
Tolovkite, etc.

Neiva River alluvials, Alapayevsk Urban Okrug, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
05635390017903044991354.jpg
Tolovkite, etc.

Horokanai placer, Uryugawa, Uryu District, Kamikawa Subprefecture, Hokkaidō Prefecture, Japan
08070170017271927188873.jpg
Tolovkite, etc.

Ust'-Bel'skii ultrabasic Massif, Koryak Okrug, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
04517310017271927222120.jpg
Tolovkite, etc.

Neiva River alluvials, Alapayevsk Urban Okrug, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
05635390017903044991354.jpg
Tolovkite, etc.

Horokanai placer, Uryugawa, Uryu District, Kamikawa Subprefecture, Hokkaidō Prefecture, Japan
07777750017271927261599.jpg
Tolovkite, etc.

Ust'-Bel'skii ultrabasic Massif, Koryak Okrug, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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About TolovkiteHide

Formula:
IrSbS
Colour:
Steel-gray
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
7½
Specific Gravity:
10.50 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Isometric
Member of:
Cobaltite Group
Name:
Named after its discovery locality, near the Ust'-Bel'sk Massif, Tolovka River basin, Russia.
Cobaltite Group.

Compare UM1976-17-S:IrRhSb.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
3991
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3991:4

IMA Classification of TolovkiteHide

Classification of TolovkiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
2.EB.25

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
B : M:S = 1:2, with Fe, Co, Ni, PGE, etc.
Dana 8th ed.:
2.12.3.5

2 : SULFIDES
12 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:2
Hey's CIM Ref.:
3.12.65

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
12 : Sulphides etc. of the platinum metals

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
TolIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of TolovkiteHide

Lustre:
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Steel-gray
Hardness:
7½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN10=1431 - 1703 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
10.50 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of TolovkiteHide

Bireflectance:
None
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1 (%)
442nm36.7%
468nm39.0%
484nm39.9%
525nm42.0%
554nm42.5%
586nm42.9%
621nm43.5%
666nm43.8%
699nm44.0%


Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 44.0%.
Colour in reflected light:
Gray with light brown tint (paler than laurite)

Chemistry of TolovkiteHide

Mindat Formula:
IrSbS
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Ir55.547 %
Sb35.187 %
S9.266 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Ir
Sb
S
Elements listed:
Ir, S, Sb - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Pt,Os,Ni

Crystallography of TolovkiteHide

Crystal System:
Isometric
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.027(3) Å
Unit Cell V:
218.93 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Comment:
Point Group: n.d.; Space Group: n.d.

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0001275TolovkiteBayliss P (1989) Crystal chemistry and crystallography of some minerals within the pyrite group American Mineralogist 74 1168-117619890293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.49 Å(60)
2.99 Å(90)
2.69 Å(60)
2.47 Å(60)
2.126 Å(80)
1.813 Å(100)
1.349 Å(60)
1.233 Å(70)
1.146 Å(90)
1.118 Å(60)
1.065 Å(90)
1.019 Å(60)
1.005 Å(80)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Near-surface Processes
26 : Hadean detrital minerals
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks>3.0
37 : Layered igneous intrusions and related PGE minerals

Type Occurrence of TolovkiteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Tolovka River placer, Ust'-Bel'skii ultrabasic Massif, Koryak Okrug, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
General Appearance of Type Material:
Intergrowths included in Os-Ir alloys, together forming angular, corroded grains 0.5-1.0 mm. The tolovkite inclusions are anhedral (18 x 18 µm) and also form aggregates with a skeletal isometric crystalline outline (up to 50 x 72 µm).
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Mining Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia.
A.E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 72030.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Placer deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
LauriteNative Osmium
Reference:
Razin, L.V., Rudashevskii, N.S., Sidorenko, G.A. (1981) Tolovkite, IrSbS, a new sulfoantimonide of iridium from northeastern USSR, Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 110(4): 474-480.

Synonyms of TolovkiteHide

Other Language Names for TolovkiteHide

Dutch:Tolovkiet
German:Tolovkit
Simplified Chinese:硫锑铱矿
Spanish:Tolovkita

Relationship of Tolovkite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Cobaltite Group
Other Members of Cobaltite Group:
AndrieslombaarditeRhSbSIso. 23 : P213
ChangchengiteIrBiSIso. 23 : P213
CobaltiteCoAsSOrth. mm2 : Pca21
GersdorffiteNiAsSIso. 23 : P213
GuixiangiteNiBiSIso. 23 : P213
Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsSIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsSIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
JolliffeiteNiAsSeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
KalungaitePdAsSeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
MaslovitePtBiTeIso. 23 : P213
MayingiteIrBiTeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
MicheneritePdBiTeIso. 23 : P213
MilotaitePdSbSeIso. 23 : P213
PadmaitePdBiSeIso. 432
'Platarsite'Pt(As,S)2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
SulfopadmaitePdBiSIso. 23 : P213
TestibiopalladitePdSbTeIso.
UllmanniteNiSbSIso. 23 : P213
'UM1991-19-Se:AsCo'(Co,Ni)AsSeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pm3
WillyamiteCoSbS

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
4 photos of Tolovkite associated with Native Iridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
4 photos of Tolovkite associated with LauriteRuS2
3 photos of Tolovkite associated with 'Iridosmine'(Os,Ir)
2 photos of Tolovkite associated with Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
1 photo of Tolovkite associated with ErlichmaniteOsS2
1 photo of Tolovkite associated with Native Osmium(Os,Ir,Ru)
1 photo of Tolovkite associated with Osarsite(Os,Ru)AsS

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

2.EB.SelenolauriteRuSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.AndrieslombaarditeRhSbSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.Iridarsenite(Ir,Ru)As2Mon. 2/m : P21/c
2.EB.Kanatzidisite(SbBiS3)2Te2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.EB.05aVaesiteNiS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aHaueriteMnS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aLauriteRuS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aGaotaiiteIr3Te8Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aPenroseite(Ni,Co,Cu)Se2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aFukuchiliteCu3FeS8Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aVillamanínite(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2Tric.
2.EB.05aErlichmaniteOsS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aSperrylitePtAs2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aGeversitePtSb2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aCattieriteCoS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aAurostibiteAuSb2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aTrogtaliteCoSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a v'Cayeuxite'
2.EB.05aKruťaiteCuSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aPyriteFeS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aInsizwaitePtBi2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05bBambollaiteCu(Se,Te)2Tet.
2.EB.05aDzharkeniteFeSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.10aMarcasiteFeS2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10eParacostibiteCoSbSOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
2.EB.10fOeniteCoSbAsOrth.
2.EB.10ePararammelsbergiteNiAs2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
2.EB.10aMattagamiteCoTe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10aFrohbergiteFeTe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10dCostibiteCoSbSOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
2.EB.10bAlloclasiteCo1-xFexAsSMon. 2 : P21
2.EB.10cGlaucodot(Co0.50Fe0.50)AsSOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
2.EB.10aPetříčekiteCuSe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10aKulleruditeNiSe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10aFerroseliteFeSe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15bSeinäjokiteFeSb2Orth.
2.EB.15aRammelsbergiteNiAs2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aClinosaffloriteCoAs2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.EB.15cPaxiteCuAs2Mon. 2/m : P21/c
2.EB.15aNisbiteNiSb2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aLöllingiteFeAs2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aSafflorite(Co,Ni,Fe)As2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aOmeiiteOsAs2Orth.
2.EB.15aAnduoiteRuAs2Orth.
2.EB.20ArsenopyriteFeAsSMon. 2/m : P21/c
2.EB.20Ruarsite(Ru,Os)AsSMon.
2.EB.20Osarsite(Os,Ru)AsSMon.
2.EB.20GudmunditeFeSbSMon. 2/m : P21/c
2.EB.25MayingiteIrBiTeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25MaslovitePtBiTeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25ParagersdorffiteNi(As,S)2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25OrthogersdorffiteNiAsSOrth. mm2 : Pca21
2.EB.25SulfopadmaitePdBiSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25JolliffeiteNiAsSeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25CobaltiteCoAsSOrth. mm2 : Pca21
2.EB.25GuixiangiteNiBiSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25TestibiopalladitePdSbTeIso.
2.EB.25 va'Antimony-bearing Gersdorffite'Ni(As,Sb)S
2.EB.25KalungaitePdAsSeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsSIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25MicheneritePdBiTeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25GersdorffiteNiAsSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25MilotaitePdSbSeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25'Platarsite'Pt(As,S)2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25WillyamiteCoSbS
2.EB.25ChangchengiteIrBiSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25KvačekiteNiSbSeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25KrutoviteNiAs2Iso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25PadmaitePdBiSeIso. 432
2.EB.25UllmanniteNiSbSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsSIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.30UrvantsevitePd(Bi,Pb)2Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mmm
2.EB.35RheniiteReS2Tric. 1 : P1

Other InformationHide

Magnetism:
Non-Magnetic
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for TolovkiteHide

References for TolovkiteHide

Localities for TolovkiteHide

Showing 24 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia
 
  • New South Wales
    • Kennedy Co.
      • Fifield
Ma et al. (2023)
Canada
 
  • British Columbia
    • Similkameen Mining Division
      • Similkameen River
Anthony et al. (1990)
Nixon et al. (1990)
Nixon et al. (1990)
Iran
 
  • Kerman Province
    • Jiroft County
      • Esfandaqeh
Jannessary et al. (2012)
Japan
 
  • Hokkaidō Prefecture
    • Kamikawa Subprefecture
      • Uryu District
        • Uryugawa
SEM-EDS by Ming Ye
    • Rumoi Subprefecture
      • Tomamae District
        • Haboro
NISHIO–HAMANE et al. (2022)
    • Sorachi Subprefecture
      • Ashibetsu City
Dr Daisuke Nishio-Hamane
Norway
 
  • Trøndelag
    • Røros
Nilsson (1990) +2 other references
Russia
 
  • Buryatia
    • Baunt District
      • Vitim Plateau
Airiyants et al. (2020)
  • Chelyabinsk Oblast
    • Miass River
Zaykov et al. (2017)
  • Kamchatka Krai
    • Koryak Okrug
      • Ust'-Bel'skii ultrabasic Massif
Razin et al. (1981) +2 other references
    • Ust-Kamchatsky District
  • Krasnoyarsk Krai
    • Lysanskiy dunite-peridotite-gabbro complex
Barkov et al. (2023)
    • Western Sayan range
Kiseleva et al. (2024)
    • Yermakovsky District
Barkov et al. (2018) +2 other references
  • Primorsky Krai
    • Khanka lake
Shcheka et al. (2007)
  • Sverdlovsk Oblast
    • Alapayevsk Urban Okrug
Shen (n.d.)
    • Novouralsk
      • Verkh-Neivinsky massif
Мурзин et al. (2020)
    • Yekaterinburg
9th International platinum symposium Chromite-PGE mineralization in the Uktus Alaskan-Type Complex (Central Urals,) +2 other references
  • Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
Jan Pašava et al. (2011)
UK
 
  • Scotland
    • Shetland Islands
      • Unst
Badanina et al. (2016)
USA
 
  • Alaska
    • Bethel Census Area
      • Goodnews Bay
        • Salmon River - Red Mountain District
Anthony et al. (1990)
  • Missouri
    • Iron County
WALTER (2011)
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