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Salt mine, Hallstatt, Gmunden District, Upper Austria, Austriai
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Salt mine | Mine (Tourist Attraction) |
| Hallstatt | Municipality |
| Gmunden District | District |
| Upper Austria | State |
| Austria | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
47° 33' 48'' North , 13° 38' 12'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Mine (Tourist Attraction) - last checked 2020
Köppen climate type:
Other Languages:
German:
Salzbergwerk (Hallstätter Salzberg), Hallstatt, Gmunden, Oberösterreich, Österreich
One of three worldwide underground salt mines in the ancient world.
The first settlements were probably around 5000 B.C. due to the salt nearby.
The Natural History Museum Vienna is digging here in a perfectly conservated surrounding within a several meter high ancient waste dump and caved-in underground workings. In May 2020, a virtual tour through the Bronze-age salt mine, the result of 30 years of interdisciplinary scientific work, was presented (see link below).
Hallstatt is a world heritage!
There exists the possibility to visit a tourist mine.
The first settlements were probably around 5000 B.C. due to the salt nearby.
The Natural History Museum Vienna is digging here in a perfectly conservated surrounding within a several meter high ancient waste dump and caved-in underground workings. In May 2020, a virtual tour through the Bronze-age salt mine, the result of 30 years of interdisciplinary scientific work, was presented (see link below).
Hallstatt is a world heritage!
There exists the possibility to visit a tourist mine.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.Mineral List
33 valid minerals.
Detailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Anhydrite Formula: CaSO4 References: |
| ⓘ 'Apatite' Formula: Ca5(PO4)3A |
| ⓘ Atacamite Formula: Cu2(OH)3Cl Description: Note: Originates due to interaction with Bronze-age and modern copper alloys. References: Zirkl, E. J. (1950) Beitrag zur Mineralogie Österreichs. Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 2 (1) 38-43 doi:10.1007/bf01128469(pp. 40-41: "Atakamit, Bittersalzausblühungen und Dolomit aus Hallstatt") |
| ⓘ Azurite Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Baryte Formula: BaSO4 |
| ⓘ Bassanite Formula: Ca(SO4) · 0.5H2O |
| ⓘ 'Biotite' Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| ⓘ Blödite Formula: Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O References: |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ Clinoatacamite Formula: Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| ⓘ Clinochlore Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 References: |
| ⓘ Dolomite Formula: CaMg(CO3)2 References: |
| ⓘ Epsomite Formula: MgSO4 · 7H2O References: Zirkl, E. J. (1948) Epsomitkristalle aus dem Hallstätter Salzlager. Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 1 (2) 185-187 doi:10.1007/bf01120834 |
| ⓘ Epsomite var. Iron-bearing Epsomite Formula: (Mg,Fe2+)[SO4] · 7H2O |
| ⓘ Glauberite Formula: Na2Ca(SO4)2 References: |
| ⓘ Gypsum Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O References: |
| ⓘ Gypsum var. Selenite Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ Halite Formula: NaCl References: |
| ⓘ Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ Kieserite Formula: MgSO4 · H2O |
| ⓘ Langbeinite Formula: K2Mg2(SO4)3 References: |
| ⓘ Leonite ? Formula: K2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ Löweite Formula: Na12Mg7(SO4)13 · 15H2O References: |
| ⓘ Magnesite Formula: MgCO3 |
| ⓘ Malachite Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Mirabilite Formula: Na2SO4 · 10H2O |
| ⓘ Natrite Formula: Na2CO3 |
| ⓘ Omongwaite Formula: Na2Ca5(SO4)6 · 3H2O |
| ⓘ Pentahydrite Formula: MgSO4 · 5H2O |
| ⓘ Picromerite Formula: K2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| ⓘ Polyhalite Formula: K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O References: |
| ⓘ Pyrite Formula: FeS2 |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 References: |
| ⓘ Quartz var. Carnelian Formula: SiO2 |
| ⓘ Rutile Formula: TiO2 |
| ⓘ Sylvite Formula: KCl |
| ⓘ Syngenite Formula: K2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O |
| ⓘ 'Tourmaline' Formula: AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| ⓘ Zircon Formula: Zr(SiO4) |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| ⓘ | Halite | 3.AA.20 | NaCl |
| ⓘ | Sylvite | 3.AA.20 | KCl |
| ⓘ | Atacamite | 3.DA.10a | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| ⓘ | Clinoatacamite | 3.DA.10b | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | var. Carnelian | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Rutile | 4.DB.05 | TiO2 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Natrite | 5.AA.10 | Na2CO3 |
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Magnesite | 5.AB.05 | MgCO3 |
| ⓘ | Dolomite | 5.AB.10 | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ | Azurite | 5.BA.05 | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Malachite | 5.BA.10 | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Langbeinite | 7.AC.10 | K2Mg2(SO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Glauberite | 7.AD.25 | Na2Ca(SO4)2 |
| ⓘ | Anhydrite | 7.AD.30 | CaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Kieserite | 7.CB.05 | MgSO4 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Pentahydrite | 7.CB.20 | MgSO4 · 5H2O |
| ⓘ | Epsomite | 7.CB.40 | MgSO4 · 7H2O |
| ⓘ | var. Iron-bearing Epsomite | 7.CB.40 | (Mg,Fe2+)[SO4] · 7H2O |
| ⓘ | Löweite | 7.CC.45 | Na12Mg7(SO4)13 · 15H2O |
| ⓘ | Blödite | 7.CC.50 | Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ | Leonite ? | 7.CC.55 | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ | Picromerite | 7.CC.60 | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| ⓘ | Polyhalite | 7.CC.65 | K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Mirabilite | 7.CD.10 | Na2SO4 · 10H2O |
| ⓘ | Syngenite | 7.CD.35 | K2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Gypsum | 7.CD.40 | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | var. Selenite | 7.CD.40 | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Bassanite | 7.CD.45 | Ca(SO4) · 0.5H2O |
| ⓘ | Omongwaite | 7.CD.65 | Na2Ca5(SO4)6 · 3H2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Zircon | 9.AD.30 | Zr(SiO4) |
| ⓘ | Clinochlore | 9.EC.55 | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Biotite' | - | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| ⓘ | 'Tourmaline' | - | AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3A |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| H | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Bassanite | Ca(SO4) · 0.5H2O |
| H | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| H | ⓘ Blödite | Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Clinoatacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| H | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| H | ⓘ Epsomite | MgSO4 · 7H2O |
| H | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Kieserite | MgSO4 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Leonite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Löweite | Na12Mg7(SO4)13 · 15H2O |
| H | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Mirabilite | Na2SO4 · 10H2O |
| H | ⓘ Pentahydrite | MgSO4 · 5H2O |
| H | ⓘ Picromerite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| H | ⓘ Polyhalite | K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Syngenite | K2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Gypsum var. Selenite | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Epsomite var. Iron-bearing Epsomite | (Mg,Fe2+)[SO4] · 7H2O |
| H | ⓘ Omongwaite | Na2Ca5(SO4)6 · 3H2O |
| B | Boron | |
| B | ⓘ Tourmaline | AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| C | ⓘ Magnesite | MgCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Natrite | Na2CO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| O | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Bassanite | Ca(SO4) · 0.5H2O |
| O | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| O | ⓘ Blödite | Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Clinoatacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| O | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| O | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| O | ⓘ Epsomite | MgSO4 · 7H2O |
| O | ⓘ Glauberite | Na2Ca(SO4)2 |
| O | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Kieserite | MgSO4 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Langbeinite | K2Mg2(SO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Leonite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Löweite | Na12Mg7(SO4)13 · 15H2O |
| O | ⓘ Magnesite | MgCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Mirabilite | Na2SO4 · 10H2O |
| O | ⓘ Natrite | Na2CO3 |
| O | ⓘ Pentahydrite | MgSO4 · 5H2O |
| O | ⓘ Picromerite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| O | ⓘ Polyhalite | K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Syngenite | K2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Tourmaline | AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| O | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Gypsum var. Selenite | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Carnelian | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Epsomite var. Iron-bearing Epsomite | (Mg,Fe2+)[SO4] · 7H2O |
| O | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| O | ⓘ Omongwaite | Na2Ca5(SO4)6 · 3H2O |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Blödite | Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Glauberite | Na2Ca(SO4)2 |
| Na | ⓘ Halite | NaCl |
| Na | ⓘ Löweite | Na12Mg7(SO4)13 · 15H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Mirabilite | Na2SO4 · 10H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Natrite | Na2CO3 |
| Na | ⓘ Omongwaite | Na2Ca5(SO4)6 · 3H2O |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Blödite | Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Mg | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Epsomite | MgSO4 · 7H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Kieserite | MgSO4 · H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Langbeinite | K2Mg2(SO4)3 |
| Mg | ⓘ Leonite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Löweite | Na12Mg7(SO4)13 · 15H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Magnesite | MgCO3 |
| Mg | ⓘ Pentahydrite | MgSO4 · 5H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Picromerite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Polyhalite | K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Epsomite var. Iron-bearing Epsomite | (Mg,Fe2+)[SO4] · 7H2O |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Carnelian | SiO2 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Bassanite | Ca(SO4) · 0.5H2O |
| S | ⓘ Blödite | Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| S | ⓘ Epsomite | MgSO4 · 7H2O |
| S | ⓘ Glauberite | Na2Ca(SO4)2 |
| S | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| S | ⓘ Kieserite | MgSO4 · H2O |
| S | ⓘ Langbeinite | K2Mg2(SO4)3 |
| S | ⓘ Leonite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| S | ⓘ Löweite | Na12Mg7(SO4)13 · 15H2O |
| S | ⓘ Mirabilite | Na2SO4 · 10H2O |
| S | ⓘ Pentahydrite | MgSO4 · 5H2O |
| S | ⓘ Picromerite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| S | ⓘ Polyhalite | K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Syngenite | K2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O |
| S | ⓘ Gypsum var. Selenite | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| S | ⓘ Epsomite var. Iron-bearing Epsomite | (Mg,Fe2+)[SO4] · 7H2O |
| S | ⓘ Omongwaite | Na2Ca5(SO4)6 · 3H2O |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| Cl | ⓘ Clinoatacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| Cl | ⓘ Halite | NaCl |
| Cl | ⓘ Sylvite | KCl |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| K | ⓘ Langbeinite | K2Mg2(SO4)3 |
| K | ⓘ Leonite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| K | ⓘ Picromerite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| K | ⓘ Polyhalite | K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O |
| K | ⓘ Sylvite | KCl |
| K | ⓘ Syngenite | K2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| Ca | ⓘ Bassanite | Ca(SO4) · 0.5H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Glauberite | Na2Ca(SO4)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Polyhalite | K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Syngenite | K2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Gypsum var. Selenite | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| Ca | ⓘ Omongwaite | Na2Ca5(SO4)6 · 3H2O |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Epsomite var. Iron-bearing Epsomite | (Mg,Fe2+)[SO4] · 7H2O |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| Cu | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Clinoatacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| Cu | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Zr | Zirconium | |
| Zr | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
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References
Zirkl, E. J. (1948) Epsomitkristalle aus dem Hallstätter Salzlager. Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 1 (2) 185-187 doi:10.1007/bf01120834
Zirkl, E. J. (1950) Beitrag zur Mineralogie Österreichs. Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 2 (1) 38-43 doi:10.1007/bf01128469(pp. 40-41: "Atakamit, Bittersalzausblühungen und Dolomit aus Hallstatt")
Zirkl, E. J. (1950) Über den Melaphyr von Hallstatt. Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 2 (1) 122-124 doi:10.1007/bf01128481
Reinold, P. (1965) Über das Vorkommen von Chlorit im alpinen Salinar. Mineralogy and Petrology, 9 (3) 195-201 doi:10.1007/bf01128084
Suzuki, Hisashi, Gawlick, Hans-Jürgen (2009) Jurassic radiolarians from cherty limestones below the Hallstatt salt mine (Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria) Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, 251 (2) 155-197 doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2009/0251-0155
Schorn, Anja, Neubauer, Franz, Bernroider, Manfred (2013) Polyhalite microfabrics in an Alpine evaporite mélange: Hallstatt, Eastern Alps. Journal of Structural Geology, 46. 57-75 doi:10.1016/j.jsg.2012.10.006
Schorn, Anja; Neubauer, Franz (2014) The structure of the Hallstatt evaporite body (Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria): A compressive diapir superposed by strike-slip shear? Journal of Structural Geology, 60. 70-84 doi:10.1016/j.jsg.2013.12.008
Salt mine, Hallstatt, Gmunden District, Upper Austria, Austria