Log InRegister
Search For:
Mineral Name:
Locality Name:
Keyword(s):
 
Home PageAbout MindatThe Mindat ManualHistory of MindatCopyright StatusWho We AreOur ScienceMindat Newsletter [Free Download]Contact Us
Donate to MindatSponsor a PageCorporate SponsorshipSponsored Pages
Learning CenterWhat Is a Mineral?The Most Common Minerals on EarthInformation for EducatorsMindat ArticlesMindat Newsletter [Free Download]The ElementsThe Mineral Quiz
Minerals by PropertiesMinerals by ChemistryMineral Visual ExplorerAdvanced Locality SearchRandom MineralRandom LocalitySearch by minIDMinerals by CountryAlphabetical Mineral IndexAlphabetical Locality SearchMineral Association SearchList of CountriesLocalities Near MePhoto SearchSearch ArticlesSearch GlossaryThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryMore Search Options
The Mindat ManualAdd a New PhotoRate PhotosLocality Edit ReportCoordinate Completion ReportAdd Glossary Item
MineralsPetrologyFossilsMeteoritesGeologic Time
Mining CompaniesStatisticsMineral MuseumsClubs & OrganizationsMineral Shows & EventsDevice SettingsTime Machine
Read DiscussionsIdentification Request
Photo SearchPhoto GalleriesSearch by ColourPhoto Colour ExplorerNew Photos TodayNew Photos YesterdayMembers' Photo GalleriesPast Photo of the Day GalleryPhotography

Blueridgeite

A valid IMA mineral species
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
Hide all sections | Show all sections

About BlueridgeiteHide

Formula:
[Pb8Zn3Cu2+(OH)16](SO4)2(S2O3)2 · 2H2O
Colour:
pale to deep 'cornflower' blue
Lustre:
Vitreous, Greasy
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
5.054 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named for the Blue Ridge mountains, where the type locality is.
Blueridgeite is structurally and chemically related to cherokeeite and cuprocherokeeite, sharing the cherokeeite cubane-like chain motif with Cu-Zn ordering identical to that of cuprocherokeeite. It is a very rare example of a mineral with distinct crystallographic sites for essential sulfate (SO4) and thiosulfate (S2O3) constituents (compare boevskite).


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
471932
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:471932:4

Classification of BlueridgeiteHide

03981760017683495411490.jpg
Cherokeeite-type chain motif

Blueridgeite exhibits the cherokeeite-type Pb-cubane chain topology. However, there is ordering in the chain where every fourth Zn atom is replaced by a Cu atom.

IMA Classification of BlueridgeiteHide

Approved
IMA Formula:
[Pb2+8Zn2+3Cu2+(OH)16](S6+O4)2(S6+O3S2-)2·2H2O
Approval year:
2024
Approval history:
(IMA2024-071)
7.DF.X

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
F : With large and medium-sized cations

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
BlrgIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of BlueridgeiteHide

Vitreous, Greasy
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Pale to deep 'cornflower' blue
Comment:
Color caused by Cu2+ in ~square planar configuration, enabling d-orbital splitting and the absorption of orange light.
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Hardness Data:
Measured
Comment:
Based on scratch tests
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Good on {001}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
5.054 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Calculated density for ideal formula

Optical Data of BlueridgeiteHide

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.80(1) nβ = 1.84 nγ = 1.93
2V:
Measured: 70° (5)
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.130
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.

Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).

This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure - the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are isogyres.

Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
r < v strong
Orientation:
X = b
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Comments:
Beta and gamma were calculated, as the poor crystal quality impeded their measurement.

Chemistry of BlueridgeiteHide

Mindat Formula:
[Pb8Zn3Cu2+(OH)16](SO4)2(S2O3)2 · 2H2O
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Pb62.745 %
O19.380 %
Zn7.424 %
S7.283 %
Cu2.405 %
H0.763 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Pb
O
Zn
S
Cu
H

Crystallography of BlueridgeiteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/c
Setting:
P21/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 12.1530(7) Å, b = 14.4758(7) Å, c = 11.0034(6) Å
β = 116.212(3)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.84 : 1 : 0.76
Unit Cell V:
1,736.70 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2

Crystal StructureHide

Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File    Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
M12035BlueridgeiteEmproto, C., Olds, T. A., Kampf, A. R., Smith, J. B., Ma, C., & Hughes, J. M. (2025) New Minerals from the Redmond Mine, North Carolina, USA: X. Blueridgeite, a New Example of the Lead Cubane Chain Topology. The Canadian Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology, 63(4), 397-409.2025Redmond Mine, North Carolina, USA0298
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Type Occurrence of BlueridgeiteHide

General Appearance of Type Material:
Compact submillimetric spheres with rhombohedral terminations.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Cotype material is deposited in the collections of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA, catalogue numbers 76450, 76451 and 76452
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Occurs in a highly unusual secondary assemblage consisting of rare Pb-Zn-Cu sulfates, thiosulfates, and carbonates.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Synonyms of BlueridgeiteHide

Other Language Names for BlueridgeiteHide

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
4 photos of Blueridgeite associated with ElyitePb4Cu(SO4)O2(OH)4 · H2O
2 photos of Blueridgeite associated with BechereriteZn7Cu(OH)13[(SiO(OH)3(SO4)]
1 photo of Blueridgeite associated with Cuprocherokeeite[Pb8Zn3Cu2+(OH)16](SO4)4 · 4H2O
1 photo of Blueridgeite associated with ChenitePb4Cu(SO4)2(OH)6
1 photo of Blueridgeite associated with SteverustitePb2+5(OH)5[Cu+(S6+O3S2-)3](H2O)2
1 photo of Blueridgeite associated with Siligiite[Pb(H2O)5(SO4)][Zn9(OH)18]

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

7.DF.Siligiite[Pb(H2O)5(SO4)][Zn9(OH)18]Mon. 2/m : P21/c
7.DF.AlcaparrosaiteK3Ti4+Fe3+(SO4)4O(H2O)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
7.DF.FlaggitePb4Cu2+4Te6+2(SO4)2O11(OH)2(H2O)Tric. 1 : P1
7.DF.BairditePb2Cu2+4Te6+2O10(OH)2(SO4) · H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
7.DF.TzeferisiteCaZn8(SO4)2(OH)12Cl2(H2O)9Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3c
7.DF.Cherokeeite[Pb2Zn(OH)4](SO4) · H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
7.DF.Ammoniomathesiusite(NH4)5(UO2)4(SO4)4(VO5) · 4H2OTet. 4/m : P4/n
7.DF.Sigogglinite[Pb6Zn(OH)8]2(SO4)6 · (H2O)8-xMon. 2/m : P2/c
7.DF.ErssoniteMg7Fe3+2(OH)18[Ca(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 12H2OTrig. 3m(32/m) : P3c1
7.DF.PoellmanniteCa6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 6H2OTrig. 3 : R3
7.DF.Carlsonite(NH4)5Fe3+3O(SO4)6 · 7H2OTric. 1 : P1
7.DF.Cuprocherokeeite[Pb8Zn3Cu2+(OH)16](SO4)4 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
7.DF.Haywoodite[Pb(H2O)10][Zn12(OH)20(H2O)(SO4)3]Tric. 1 : P1
7.DF.ChromschieffelinitePb10Te6+6O20(OH)14(CrO4)(H2O)5Orth. 222 : C2221
7.DF.05UklonskoviteNaMg(SO4)F · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
7.DF.10KainiteKMg(SO4)Cl · 3H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
7.DF.10KaliochalciteKCu2(SO4)2[(OH)(H2O)]Mon. 2/m : B2/m
7.DF.15NatrochalciteNaCu2(SO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
7.DF.17GenplesiteCa3Sn(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2OHex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
7.DF.17'Unnamed (Ba-Sb Silicate-Sulphate-Hydroxide-Hydrate)'Ba3Sb5+[(Si,S)O3(OH)]2(OH,O)6 · 3H2O Trig. 3 : P3
7.DF.20SideronatriteNa2Fe(SO4)2(OH) · 3H2OOrth. 222 : P212121
7.DF.20MetasideronatriteNa2Fe(SO4)2(OH) · H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
7.DF.25FleischeritePb3Ge(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2OHex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
7.DF.25MallestigitePb3Sb5+(SO4)(AsO4)(OH)6 · 3H2OHex. 6 : P63
7.DF.25SchaurteiteCa3Ge(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2OHex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
7.DF.25DespujolsiteCa3Mn4+(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2OHex. 6m2 : P62c
7.DF.30Slavíkite(H3O+)3Mg6Fe15(SO4)21(OH)18 · 98H2OTrig. 3 : R3
7.DF.35MetavoltineK2Na6Fe2+Fe3+6O2(SO4)12 · 18H2OTrig.
7.DF.40LannoniteMg2Ca4Al4(SO4)8F8 · 24H2OTet. 4/m : I4/m
7.DF.40VlodavetsiteAlCa2(SO4)2F2Cl · 4H2OTet. 4/m : I4/m
7.DF.45PeretaiteCa(SbO)4(SO4)2(OH)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
7.DF.50GordaiteNaZn4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2OTrig. 3 : P3
7.DF.50CalamaiteNa2TiO(SO4)2 · 2H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Ibam
7.DF.52Huizingite-(Al)[(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Al,Fe3+)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6]Tric. 1 : P1
7.DF.52ScordariiteK8(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)[Fe3+3O(SO4)6]2 · 14H2OTrig. 3 : R3
7.DF.55Clairite(NH4)2Fe3(SO4)4(OH)3 · 3H2OTric.
7.DF.55GiacovazzoiteK5Fe3+3O(SO4)6 · 10H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
7.DF.57MagnanelliiteK3Fe3+2(SO4)4(OH)(H2O)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
7.DF.60ArzruniteCu4Pb2(SO4)(OH)4Cl6 · 2H2O (?)Orth.
7.DF.60EvdokimoviteTl4(VO)3(SO4)5(H2O)5Mon. 2/m : P21/c
7.DF.62Bridgesite-(Ce)CaCe2Cu6(SO4)4(OH)12 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
7.DF.65ElyitePb4Cu(SO4)O2(OH)4 · H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
7.DF.70YecoraiteFe3+3Bi5(Te6+O4)2(Te4+O3)O9 · 9H2O
7.DF.70LautenthalitePbCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
7.DF.75RiomarinaiteBi(SO4)(OH) · H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
7.DF.80DukeiteBi3+24Cr6+8O57(OH)6 · 3H2OTrig. 3m : P31c

Other InformationHide

Magnetism:
Non-Magnetic
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for BlueridgeiteHide

References for BlueridgeiteHide

Localities for BlueridgeiteHide

Showing 1 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
Hide all sections | Show all sections

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
USA (TL)
 
  • North Carolina
    • Haywood County
      • Waterville Lake
Emproto et al. (2025)
 
and/or  
Mindat.org® is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization. Mindat® and mindat.org® are registered trademarks of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2026, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau.
Content on this site may not be used to train, fine-tune, or otherwise develop artificial intelligence or machine learning models without prior written permission - see our Terms & Conditions.
To cite: Ralph, J., Von Bargen, D., Martynov, P., Zhang, J., Que, X., Prabhu, A., Morrison, S. M., Li, W., Chen, W., & Ma, X. (2025). Mindat.org: The open access mineralogy database to accelerate data-intensive geoscience research. American Mineralogist, 110(6), 833–844. doi:10.2138/am-2024-9486.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: October 13, 2026 13:26:37 Page updated: September 28, 2026 13:38:57
Go to top of page