Diogenite, polymict
Fell 1950, 102 g

The Garland Diogenite is rather small, but it hosts a surprisingly diverse assemblage of basaltic and noritic clasts of fundamentally plutonic origin. The meteorite is mineralogically dominated by different-sized granular and intergrown pyroxenes with both wide and fine exsolution lamellae, and a comminuted matrix. Much of the orthopyroxene is mildly Mg-rich En50-70, but more Mg-rich and more Fe-rich regions and grains are also found. Minor, mostly anorthitic plagioclase comes in a variety of textures and wide range of compositions (An 92-An 55). Minor amounts of several silicates are found (diopside, augite, olivine, plagioclase, tridymite). Opaques include Troilite, Chromite, Titanite, and Ni-poor metallic iron. As a diogenite, Garland is part of the HED meteorite suite (Howardites-Eucrites-Diogenites) of igneous rocks produced on a moderately large and differentiated asteroid. An indeed, now that the DAWN Spacecraft Mission has completed its mapping of the Vesta surface, it seems almost certain that the great majority of HED meteorites are indeed fragments of Vesta, the brightest asteroid and closest to earth of the larger asteroids. But not all HED meteorites are derived from the same homeworld. High precision O-isotope and Mn-Fe ratio studies are beginning to make it clear that some presently unknown fraction of HED meteorites are 'look-alikes' from other presently unidentified worlds.

Pu-Xe dating suggests an ancient aggregation ~ 4.5 billion years ago similar to that of most dated HED meteorites. And a K-Ar age of ~1.23 billion years practically invites the suggestion that Garland was ejected from Vesta during the formation of the large Rheasilvia Crater over a billion years ago. We are far from establishing which specific HED meteorites are definitively derived from Vesta, but the Diogenite cohorts may eventually provide us with some of our most reliable clues. It would not be too surprising if someday we will be as sure that (some) Diogenites came from Vesta as surely as we now know that the ancient Mediterranean world obtained its copper from Cyprus and its tin from England.

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Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

9 valid minerals.

Meteorite/Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

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Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

ⓘ 'Polymict breccia diogenite meteorite'

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Anorthite

Formula: Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)

Description: Anorthite -(An92) composition noted

References:

Heyse, J. V. (1975) Garland: polymict-brecciated unequilibrated hypersthene achondrite. Meteoritics 10 (3): 413-414. (Dec 1975)

ⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite

Formula: (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si₂O₈]

References:

Heyse, J. V. (1975) Garland: polymict-brecciated unequilibrated hypersthene achondrite. Meteoritics 10 (3): 413-414. (Dec 1975)

ⓘ Augite

Formula: (Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆

Description: Augite noted in small 'blebs'

References:

Varteresian, C. & Hewins, R. H. (1983) Magnesian Noritic and Basaltic Clasts in the Garland and Peckelsheim Diogenites (Abstract.). Lunar and Planetary Science XIV: 800-801. (March 1983)

ⓘ Chromite

Formula: Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂O₄

References:

Heyse, J. V. (1975) Garland: polymict-brecciated unequilibrated hypersthene achondrite. Meteoritics 10 (3): 413-414. (Dec 1975)

Bowman, L. E., Papike, J. J. & Spilde, M. N. (1999) Diogenites as asteroidal cumulates: Insights from spinel chemistry: American Mineralogist: 84 (7-8): 1020–1026. (July-August 1999)

ⓘ Diopside

Formula: CaMgSi₂O₆

Description: Diopside (Fs18)

References:

Heyse, J. V. (1975) Garland: polymict-brecciated unequilibrated hypersthene achondrite. Meteoritics 10 (3): 413-414. (Dec 1975)

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

References:

Heyse, J. V. (1975) Garland: polymict-brecciated unequilibrated hypersthene achondrite. Meteoritics 10 (3): 413-414. (Dec 1975)

ⓘ Native Iron

Formula: Fe

Description: Ni-poor Iron (Ni <1.5 wt%)is sometimes accompanied by troilite

References:

Gooley, R., Moore, C. B. (1976) Native metal in diogenite meteorites. American Mineralogist, 61 (5-6) 373-378

ⓘ 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'

Description: Most Orthopyroxene is En63-55, with some more Fe-rich grains according to Hewins (1981); More diversity - Mildly Mg-rich Orthopyroxene (En79-73) in some areas; En69-73 in others reported by Hewins (1983)

References:

Heyse, J. V. (1975) Garland: polymict-brecciated unequilibrated hypersthene achondrite. Meteoritics 10 (3): 413-414. (Dec 1975)

Gooley, R., Moore, C. B. (1976) Native metal in diogenite meteorites. American Mineralogist, 61 (5-6) 373-378

Hewins, R. H. (1981) Basaltic Clasts in the Garland Diogenite: Meteoritics 16 (4): p. 328. (Dec 1981)

ⓘ Pigeonite

Formula: (Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆

References:

Hewins, R. H. (1981) Basaltic Clasts in the Garland Diogenite: Meteoritics 16 (4): p. 328. (Dec 1981)

Varteresian, C. & Hewins, R. H. (1983) Magnesian Noritic and Basaltic Clasts in the Garland and Peckelsheim Diogenites (Abstract.). Lunar and Planetary Science XIV: 800-801. (March 1983)

ⓘ 'Plagioclase'

Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈

Description: Plagioclase ranges from An 92 to An 55

References:

Hewins, R. H. (1981) Basaltic Clasts in the Garland Diogenite: Meteoritics 16 (4): p. 328. (Dec 1981)

ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'

Formula: ADSi₂O₆

References:

Mason, B. (1963). The Hypersthene achondrites. American Museum Novitates, #2155, 13 pages.

ⓘ Titanite

Formula: CaTi(SiO₄)O

References:

Heyse, J. V. (1975) Garland: polymict-brecciated unequilibrated hypersthene achondrite. Meteoritics 10 (3): 413-414. (Dec 1975)

ⓘ Tridymite

Formula: SiO₂

References:

Heyse, J. V. (1975) Garland: polymict-brecciated unequilibrated hypersthene achondrite. Meteoritics 10 (3): 413-414. (Dec 1975)

Hewins, R. H. (1981) Basaltic Clasts in the Garland Diogenite: Meteoritics 16 (4): p. 328. (Dec 1981)

ⓘ Troilite

Formula: FeS

References:

Heyse, J. V. (1975) Garland: polymict-brecciated unequilibrated hypersthene achondrite. Meteoritics 10 (3): 413-414. (Dec 1975)

Gooley, R., Moore, C. B. (1976) Native metal in diogenite meteorites. American Mineralogist, 61 (5-6) 373-378

Hewins, R. H. (1981) Basaltic Clasts in the Garland Diogenite: Meteoritics 16 (4): p. 328. (Dec 1981)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Native Iron	1.AE.05	Fe
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Troilite	2.CC.10	FeS
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Chromite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Tridymite	4.DA.10	SiO₂
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Titanite	9.AG.15	CaTi(SiO₄)O
ⓘ	Pigeonite	9.DA.10	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Augite	9.DA.15	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Diopside	9.DA.15	CaMgSi₂O₆
ⓘ	Anorthite	9.FA.35	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)
ⓘ	var. Bytownite	9.FA.35	(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si₂O₈]
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'	-
ⓘ	'Plagioclase'	-	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
ⓘ	'Pyroxene Group'	-	ADSi₂O₆
ⓘ	'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'	-

List of minerals for each chemical element

O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Anorthite	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)
O	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite	(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si₂O₈]
O	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Pigeonite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
O	ⓘ Tridymite	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
O	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
O	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite	(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si₂O₈]
Na	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Pigeonite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Anorthite	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)
Al	ⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite	(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si₂O₈]
Al	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Anorthite	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)
Si	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite	(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si₂O₈]
Si	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Pigeonite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Si	ⓘ Tridymite	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Si	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Troilite	FeS
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Anorthite	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)
Ca	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite	(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si₂O₈]
Ca	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Pigeonite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Ca	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Cr	Chromium
Cr	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Native Iron	Fe
Fe	ⓘ Pigeonite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Troilite	FeS
Fe	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

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North America PlateTectonic Plate

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References

Michel, T. & Eugster, O. (Sept 1994) Primitive xenon in diogenites and plutonium-244-fission xenon ages of a diogenite, a howardite, and eucrites: Meteoritics 29 (5): 593-606. (Sept 1994)

Mason, B. (1963). The Hypersthene achondrites. American Museum Novitates, #2155, 13 pages.

Heyse, J. V. (1975) Garland: polymict-brecciated unequilibrated hypersthene achondrite. Meteoritics 10 (3): 413-414. (Dec 1975)

Gooley, R., Moore, C. B. (1976) Native metal in diogenite meteorites. American Mineralogist, 61 (5-6) 373-378

Hewins, R. H. (1981) Basaltic Clasts in the Garland Diogenite: Meteoritics 16 (4): p. 328. (Dec 1981)

Hewins, R. H. (1983) Diogenites and Related Magmas: Lunar and Planetary Science XIV: 309-311. Abstract. (March 1983)

Varteresian, C. & Hewins, R. H. (1983) Magnesian Noritic and Basaltic Clasts in the Garland and Peckelsheim Diogenites (Abstract.). Lunar and Planetary Science XIV: 800-801. (March 1983)

Mittlefehldt, D. W., McCoy, T. J., Goodrich, C. A. & Kracher, A. (1998). Non-chondritic meteorites from asteroidal bodies. In: Planetary Materials (Papike, J. J., Editor): Chapter 4, 195 pages. Mineralogical Society of America: Washington, DC, USA. (1998)

Bowman, L. E., Papike, J. J. & Spilde, M. N. (1999) Diogenites as asteroidal cumulates: Insights from spinel chemistry: American Mineralogist: 84 (7-8): 1020–1026. (July-August 1999)

Grady, Monica (2000) Catalogue of Meteorites (5th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

Scott, E.R.D., Greenwood, R.C., Franchi, I.A. & Sanders, I.S. (2009) Oxygen isotopic constraints on the origin and parent bodies of eucrites, diogenites, and howardites. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta73 (19): 5835-5853. (Oct 2009)

www.lpi.usra.edu (n.d.) http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meteor/metbull.php

McSween, Harry Y.; Binzel, Richard P.; De Sanctis, M. Cristina; Ammannito, Eleonora; Prettyman, Thomas H.; Beck, Andrew W.; Reddy, Vishnu; Le Corre, Lucille; Gaffey, Michael J.; McCord, Thomas B.; et al. (2013) Dawn; the Vesta–HED connection; and the geologic context for eucrites, diogenites, and howardites. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 48 (11). 2090-2104 doi:10.1111/maps.12108

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Garland meteorite, Box Elder County, Utah, USAiRegional Level TypesGarland meteoriteMeteorite Fall Location Box Elder CountyCounty UtahState USACountry function showexplain() { $("#locexplain").toggle(); if (typeof movemap === "function") movemap(); }

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Mineral List

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Detailed Mineral List:

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

List of minerals for each chemical element

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

References

Garland meteorite, Box Elder County, Utah, USA i
Regional Level Types
Garland meteorite Meteorite Fall Location
Box Elder County County
Utah State
USA Country