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Wernerkrauseite

A valid IMA mineral species
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04923750017272006604547.jpg
Wernerkrauseite

Wernerkrauseite-bearing xenolith, Caspar quarry, Ettringen, Vordereifel, Mayen-Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
02234650017272348865662.jpg
Wernerkrauseite

Wernerkrauseite-bearing xenolith, Caspar quarry, Ettringen, Vordereifel, Mayen-Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
08266580017272006638315.jpg
Wernerkrauseite

Wernerkrauseite-bearing xenolith, Caspar quarry, Ettringen, Vordereifel, Mayen-Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
06411560017272348868249.jpg
Wernerkrauseite

Wernerkrauseite-bearing xenolith, Caspar quarry, Ettringen, Vordereifel, Mayen-Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
02234650017272348865662.jpg
Wernerkrauseite

Wernerkrauseite-bearing xenolith, Caspar quarry, Ettringen, Vordereifel, Mayen-Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
03145970017272348877778.jpg
Wernerkrauseite

Wernerkrauseite-bearing xenolith, Caspar quarry, Ettringen, Vordereifel, Mayen-Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
04923750017272006604547.jpg
Wernerkrauseite

Wernerkrauseite-bearing xenolith, Caspar quarry, Ettringen, Vordereifel, Mayen-Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
02234650017272348865662.jpg
Wernerkrauseite

Wernerkrauseite-bearing xenolith, Caspar quarry, Ettringen, Vordereifel, Mayen-Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
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About WernerkrauseiteHide

01895130017272472468136.jpg
Werner Krause
Formula:
Ca(Fe3+,Mn3+)2Mn4+O6
Colour:
Black
Lustre:
Sub-Metallic
Specific Gravity:
4.66 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named in honor of Dr. Werner Krause (b. 1949), a research chemist in the chemical industry who has described several new secondary minerals.
Isostructural with:
Harmunite
Ca-deficient structural analogue of harmunite. Post-spinel structure type.
Crystallisation of wernerkrauseite took place at temperatures below 850–900°C under high oxygen fugacity.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
46107
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:46107:6

IMA Classification of WernerkrauseiteHide

Classification of WernerkrauseiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
4.BB.05

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
B : Metal: Oxygen = 3:4 and similar
B : With only medium-sized cations

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
WkrIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of WernerkrauseiteHide

Lustre:
Sub-Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Comment:
Strong submetallic lustre
Colour:
Black
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
VHN25=154(5) kg/mm2 - Vickers
Density:
4.66 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of WernerkrauseiteHide

Anisotropism:
weak
Bireflectance:
weak
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1 (%)R2 (%)
470nm28.1%19.8%
546nm25.7%19.0%
589nm25.0%19.1%
650nm24.3%19.0%


Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 28.1%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
gray
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
very weak

Chemistry of WernerkrauseiteHide

Mindat Formula:
Ca(Fe3+,Mn3+)2Mn4+O6
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Fe36.898 %
O31.713 %
Mn18.149 %
Ca13.240 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Fe
O
Mn
Ca
Elements listed:
Ca, Fe, Mn, O - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of WernerkrauseiteHide

Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm(2/m2/m2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pnma
Setting:
Pnma
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.0548(2) Å, b = 2.8718(1) Å, c = 10.9908(2) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 3.153 : 1 : 3.827
Unit Cell V:
285.8 ų
Z:
8

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics<3.5-2.5
39 : High-? metamorphism (blueschist, eclogite, ultrahigh ? facies)

Type Occurrence of WernerkrauseiteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Wernerkrauseite-bearing xenolith, Caspar quarry, Ettringen, Vordereifel, Mayen-Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
General Appearance of Type Material:
Black prismatic crystals
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Type material is deposited in the collections of the Museum of Natural History, Bernastrasse 5, CH-3005 Bern, Switzerland, catalogued number NMBE 42804
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Altered xenoliths within alkaline basalts
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
CuspidineGehleniteHydrocalumiteJenniteKatoite
MagnesioferritePerovskitePortlanditeWadalite
Reference:
Galuskin, Evgeny V., Krüger, Biljana, Krüger, Hannes, Blass, Günter, Widmer, Remo, Galuskina, Irina O. (2016) Wernerkrauseite, CaFe3+2Mn4+O6: the first nonstoichiometric post-spinel mineral, from Bellerberg volcano, Eifel, Germany. European Journal of Mineralogy, 28 (2) 485-493 doi:10.1127/ejm/2016/0028-2509

Synonyms of WernerkrauseiteHide

Other Language Names for WernerkrauseiteHide

Relationship of Wernerkrauseite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Marokite Supergroup
Other Members of Marokite Supergroup:
ChenmingiteFeCr2O4Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
EllinaiteCaCr2O4Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
HarmuniteCaFe2O4Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbcm
MarokiteCaMn3+2O4Orth.
Tschaunerite (Fe2+)(Fe2+Ti4+)O4Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm
XieiteFe2+Cr2O4Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

4.BB.ChenmingiteFeCr2O4Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
4.BB.ThermaerogeniteCuAl2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.ChukocheniteLiAl5O8Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Imma
4.BB.Elgoresyite(Mg5Si2)O9Mon. 2/m : B2/m
4.BB.JianmuiteZrTi4+Ti3+5Al3O16Tet. 4 : I4
4.BB.DellagiustaiteV2+Al2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.GarpenbergiteMn6◻AsSbO10(OH)2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
4.BB.MagnéliiteTi3+2Ti4+2O7Tric. 1 : P1
4.BB.JordanówiteZr(Ti3+Zr)Ti3+4AlO16Tet. 4/m : I41/a
4.BB.05Qandilite(Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05ChromiteFe2+Cr3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05Filipstadite(Fe3+0.5Sb5+0.5)Mn2O4Iso.
4.BB.05JacobsiteMn2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05HarmuniteCaFe2O4Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbcm
4.BB.05ZincochromiteZnCr2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05Deltalumite(Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4Tet. 42m : P4m2
4.BB.05FrankliniteZn2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05CochromiteCoCr2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05'Nichromite'(Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05HercyniteFe2+Al2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05GahniteZnAl2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05GalaxiteMn2+Al2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05GuiteCo2+Co3+2O4Iso.
4.BB.05CoulsoniteFe2+V3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05VuorelaineniteMn2+V3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05SpinelMgAl2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05CuprospinelCu2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05ManganochromiteMn2+Cr2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05MagnesiocoulsoniteMgV2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m)
4.BB.05TrevoriteNi2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05MagnesioferriteMgFe3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05MagnetiteFe2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05UlvöspinelTiFe2+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.10HausmanniteMn2+Mn3+2O4Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I41/amd
4.BB.10HetaeroliteZnMn2O4Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I41/amd
4.BB.10Manganostibite(Mn,Fe)7SbAsO12Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
4.BB.15Titanomaghemite(Ti4+0.5◻0.5)Fe3+2O4Iso. 432 : P4332
4.BB.15Maghemite(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4Iso. 432 : P4132
4.BB.20Tegengrenite(Mn3+0.5Sb5+0.5)Mg2O4Trig. 3 : R3
4.BB.25XieiteFe2+Cr2O4Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
4.BB.30CarmeltaziteZrAl2Ti4O11Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
4.BB.35FeiiteFe2+2(Fe2+Ti4+)O5Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm
4.BB.40MaohokiteMgFe2O4Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
4.BB.45Tschaunerite (Fe2+)(Fe2+Ti4+)O4Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for WernerkrauseiteHide

References for WernerkrauseiteHide

Localities for WernerkrauseiteHide

Showing 1 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Germany (TL)
 
  • Rhineland-Palatinate
    • Mayen-Koblenz
      • Vordereifel
        • Ettringen
          • Caspar quarry
Galuskin et al. (2016)
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