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Konyaite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Konyaite
Formula:
Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 5H2O
Colour:
White, colourless
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
2.088
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
After the locality near Cakmak, Great Konya Basin, Konya Province, Central Anatolia Region, Turkey.
Type Locality:
Higher-hydrate counterpart of blödite.
A water-soluble mineral that occurs as a component of salt efflorescences on saline soils, formed between 30°C and 50°C by evaporation of ground and surface waters.
Related to the Picromerite Group.
Compare UM2008-50-SO:HMgNa and uklonskovite.
A water-soluble mineral that occurs as a component of salt efflorescences on saline soils, formed between 30°C and 50°C by evaporation of ground and surface waters.
Related to the Picromerite Group.
Compare UM2008-50-SO:HMgNa and uklonskovite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2251
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2251:0
Similar Names
| Kenyaite | A valid IMA mineral species | Na2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O |
IMA Classification of Konyaite
Classification of Konyaite
7.CC.80
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
29.3.5.1
29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
3 : A2B(XO4)2·xH2O
29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
3 : A2B(XO4)2·xH2O
25.3.10
25 : Sulphates
3 : Sulphates of Mg
25 : Sulphates
3 : Sulphates of Mg
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Kny | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Konyaite
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
White, colourless
Streak:
White
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Density:
2.088 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.097 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Konyaite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.464 nβ = 1.468 nγ = 1.474
2V:
Measured: 74° , Calculated: 80°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.010
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate (negative)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
r > v strong
Chemistry of Konyaite
Mindat Formula:
Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 5H2O
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Konyaite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.78 Å, b = 24.01 Å, c = 8.67 Å
β = 95.41°
β = 95.41°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.241 : 1 : 0.361
Unit Cell V:
1,197.84 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
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Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
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Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
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Rotation
Stop | Start
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Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0017884 | Konyaite | Mills S J, Wilson S A, Dipple G M, Raudsepp M (2010) The decomposition of konyaite: importance in CO2 fixation in mine tailings Mineralogical Magazine 74 903-917 | 2010 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
| 0004958 | Konyaite | Leduc E M S, Peterson R C, Wang R (2009) The crystal structure and hydrogen bonding of synthetic konyaite, Na2Mg(SO4)2*5H2O American Mineralogist 94 1005-1011 |  | 2009 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.541 Å | (100) |
| 4.017 Å | (45) |
| 3.960 Å | (45) |
| 2.597 Å | (45) |
| 12.01 Å | (40) |
| 4.202 Å | (40) |
| 2.659 Å | (40) |
Comments:
Synthetic. The data are from the type description. Lines for a natural sample are also given, but without intensities.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 25 : Evaporites (prebiotic) | |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals] | |
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 48 : Soil leaching zone minerals | <0.6 |
| 50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals | <0.36 |
Geological Setting:
Occurs in salt efflorescences on saline soils, formed between 30° C and 50° C by evaporation of ground and surface waters.
Type Occurrence of Konyaite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Intimate intergrowths with associated minerals.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden, Netherlands (type).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Salt efflorescences on saline soil. The salts originate at the soil surface by evaporation of ground and surface waters.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Konyaite
Other Language Names for Konyaite
Relationship of Konyaite to other Species
Structurally related to group(s):
| Picromerite Group | A2M(XO4)2 · 6H2O |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 2 photos of Konyaite associated with Thénardite | Na2SO4 |
| 2 photos of Konyaite associated with Blödite | Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 1 photo of Konyaite associated with Picromerite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 7.CC. | Cobaltoblödite | Na2Co(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 7.CC. | Andychristyite | PbCu2+Te6+O5(H2O) |
| 7.CC. | Ammoniovoltaite | (NH4)2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12(H2O)18 |
| 7.CC.05 | Krausite | KFe(SO4)2 · H2O |
| 7.CC.10 | Tamarugite | NaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.15 | Mendozite | NaAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O |
| 7.CC.15 | Kalinite | KAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O |
| 7.CC.20 | Alum-(Na) | NaAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
| 7.CC.20 | Lonecreekite | (NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
| 7.CC.20 | Alum-(K) | KAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
| 7.CC.20 | Tschermigite | (NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
| 7.CC.20 | Lanmuchangite | Tl+Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
| 7.CC.25 | Zincovoltaite | K2Zn5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 7.CC.25 | Voltaite | K2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 7.CC.25 | Magnesiovoltaite | K2Mg5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 7.CC.25 | Pertlikite | K2(Fe2+,Mg)2(Mg,Fe3+)4Fe3+2Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 7.CC.25 | Ammoniomagnesiovoltaite | (NH4)2Mg2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 7.CC.30 | Kröhnkite | Na2Cu(SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 7.CC.35 | Ferrinatrite | Na3Fe(SO4)3 · 3H2O |
| 7.CC.40 | Goldichite | KFe(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 7.CC.45 | Löweite | Na12Mg7(SO4)13 · 15H2O |
| 7.CC.50 | Nickelblödite | Na2Ni(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 7.CC.50 | Blödite | Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 7.CC.50 | Changoite | Na2Zn(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 7.CC.55 |
Dębieńsko Mine heap, Gmina Czerwionka-Leszczyny, Rybnik County, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland