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Rio Ardenza (Rio Popogna), Livorno, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italyi
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Rio Ardenza (Rio Popogna) | River |
| Livorno | Municipality |
| Livorno Province | Province |
| Tuscany | Region |
| Italy | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
43° 30' 44'' North , 10° 22' 30'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Kรถppen climate type:
GPS coordinates are approximate.
The Rio Ardenza is a torrential watercourse with a very low flow rate that is reduced to almost nothing during the summer season.
11 kilometres long, the Rio Ardenza is one of the major streams in the Livorno hills. It descends from the slopes of Monte Maggiore, 454 meters above sea level, to excavate a valley between the locality of Valle Benedetta and that of Palazzine. After three kilometres from its source, the stream receives its first sizable tributary, the Botro Rosso. Shortly after, it crosses the town of Popogna (hence the alternative name) at a height of 130 m a.s.l.
The course of the river continues with a stable slope for another 4 km without receiving considerable tributaries (except the Botro Sperticaia on the side of Palazzine), up to a height of 40 m a.s.l. where, branching off into two arms, it feeds a small lake.
From that moment on the course of the Ardenza becomes slower and the slope decreases. It crosses the Ardenza district of Livorno (hence the name) and receives its largest tributary, the Botro del Molino, which almost completely contributes to the flow of the Rio Ardenza. During the summer, when the main branch of the torrent dries up, the Botro del Molino, thanks to its numerous springs, prevents the watercourse from drying up.
During its final part, the Rio Ardenza has a minimal slope and its banks are well dug. During this short stretch of just over a kilometre, before arriving at the mouth at the Tre Ponti locality, it is reached by its last tributary from Montenero: the Botro le Brescie, also fed by numerous springs.
The Rio Ardenza has an estuarine mouth, which is covered by seawater during periods of high tide.
Some of the towns and villages the Rio Ardenza/Rio Popogna flows through: Popogna Vecchia, Popogna Nuova, Localitร Cava, Quartiere Collinaia, Quartiere Ardenza, Villa Bellavista, and Tre Ponti.
Note on the mineral list: Bonifazo (2020) also reports "green rosettes on jamborite pseudomorphs after millerite which are currently under investigation and may be a new phase."
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsMineral List
Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities26 valid minerals.
Detailed Mineral List:
| โ Anatase Formula: TiO2 |
| โ Aragonite Formula: CaCO3 References: |
| โ Azurite Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| โ Brookite Formula: TiO2 |
| โ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 References: |
| โ Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 |
| โ Gypsum Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| โ Honessite Formula: (Ni1-xFe3+x)(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
| โ Humboldtine Formula: Fe2+(C2O4) · 2H2O References: Marco Bonifazi collectionIdentification: SEM-EDS, Raman Spectroscopy |
| โ Hydrohonessite Formula: (Ni1-xFe3+x)(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O |
| โ Jamborite Formula: Ni2+1-xCo3+x(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O |
| โ Jarosite Formula: KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| โ 'Limonite' |
| โ Melanterite Formula: Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
| โ Millerite Formula: NiS |
| โ Morenosite Formula: NiSO4 · 7H2O Colour: apple green Description: Analyzed at Musรฉum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, by Gian Carlo Parodi and Sylvain Pont. |
| โ Native Copper Formula: Cu Description: Bonifazi (2020): "Two or three larger nuggets have been found in the Rio Popogna streambed in the course of the 2 past centuries." |
| โ Native Sulphur Formula: S8 References: |
| โ Natrojarosite Formula: NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| โ Pyrite Formula: FeS2 |
| โ Quartz Formula: SiO2 Localities: Habit: massive; bipyramidal without prism faces |
| โ Quartz var. Rock Crystal Formula: SiO2 |
| โ Reevesite Formula: Ni6Fe3+2(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O Localities: Colour: canary yellow |
| โ Retgersite Formula: NiSO4 · 6H2O Habit: patina on altered millerite crystals Colour: green |
| โ Sphalerite Formula: ZnS |
| โ Talc Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 Habit: rounded pebbles |
| โ Vaesite ? Formula: NiS2 Colour: dark grey Description: Not analytically confirmed in all supposed analysed samples. Bonifazi Marco
|
| โ Wurtzite Formula: (Zn,Fe)S |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| โ | Native Copper | 1.AA.05 | Cu |
| โ | Native Sulphur | 1.CC.05 | S8 |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| โ | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| โ | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| โ | Wurtzite | 2.CB.45 | (Zn,Fe)S |
| โ | Millerite | 2.CC.20 | NiS |
| โ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| โ | Vaesite ? | 2.EB.05a | NiS2 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| โ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| โ | var. Rock Crystal | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| โ | Anatase | 4.DD.05 | TiO2 |
| โ | Brookite | 4.DD.10 | TiO2 |
| โ | Jamborite | 4.FL.05 | Ni2+1-xCo3+x(OH)2-x(SO4)x ยท nH2O |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| โ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| โ | Aragonite | 5.AB.15 | CaCO3 |
| โ | Azurite | 5.BA.05 | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| โ | Reevesite | 5.DA.50 | Ni6Fe3+2(OH)16(CO3) ยท 4H2O |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| โ | Jarosite | 7.BC.10 | KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| โ | Natrojarosite | 7.BC.10 | NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| โ | Retgersite | 7.CB.30 | NiSO4 ยท 6H2O |
| โ | Melanterite | 7.CB.35 | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 ยท H2O |
| โ | Morenosite | 7.CB.40 | NiSO4 ยท 7H2O |
| โ | Gypsum | 7.CD.40 | CaSO4 ยท 2H2O |
| โ | Honessite | 7.DD.35 | (Ni1-xFe3+x)(OH)2[SO4]x/2 ยท nH2O |
| โ | Hydrohonessite | 7.DD.35 | (Ni1-xFe3+x)(OH)2(SO4)x/2 ยท nH2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| โ | Talc | 9.EC.05 | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Group 10 - Organic Compounds | |||
| โ | Humboldtine | 10.AB.05 | Fe2+(C2O4) ยท 2H2O |
| Unclassified | |||
| โ | 'Limonite' | - | |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | โ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| H | โ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| H | โ Honessite | (Ni1-xFex3+)(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
| H | โ Humboldtine | Fe2+(C2O4) · 2H2O |
| H | โ Hydrohonessite | (Ni1-xFex3+)(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O |
| H | โ Jamborite | Ni2+1-xCox3+(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O |
| H | โ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| H | โ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
| H | โ Morenosite | NiSO4 · 7H2O |
| H | โ Natrojarosite | NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| H | โ Reevesite | Ni6Fe23+(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O |
| H | โ Retgersite | NiSO4 · 6H2O |
| H | โ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | โ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| C | โ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| C | โ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | โ Humboldtine | Fe2+(C2O4) · 2H2O |
| C | โ Reevesite | Ni6Fe23+(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | โ Anatase | TiO2 |
| O | โ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| O | โ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| O | โ Brookite | TiO2 |
| O | โ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | โ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| O | โ Honessite | (Ni1-xFex3+)(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
| O | โ Humboldtine | Fe2+(C2O4) · 2H2O |
| O | โ Hydrohonessite | (Ni1-xFex3+)(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O |
| O | โ Jamborite | Ni2+1-xCox3+(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O |
| O | โ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| O | โ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
| O | โ Morenosite | NiSO4 · 7H2O |
| O | โ Natrojarosite | NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| O | โ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | โ Reevesite | Ni6Fe23+(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O |
| O | โ Retgersite | NiSO4 · 6H2O |
| O | โ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| O | โ Quartz var. Rock Crystal | SiO2 |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | โ Natrojarosite | NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | โ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | โ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | โ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Si | โ Quartz var. Rock Crystal | SiO2 |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | โ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | โ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| S | โ Honessite | (Ni1-xFex3+)(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
| S | โ Hydrohonessite | (Ni1-xFex3+)(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O |
| S | โ Jamborite | Ni2+1-xCox3+(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O |
| S | โ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| S | โ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
| S | โ Millerite | NiS |
| S | โ Morenosite | NiSO4 · 7H2O |
| S | โ Natrojarosite | NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| S | โ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | โ Retgersite | NiSO4 · 6H2O |
| S | โ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| S | โ Native Sulphur | S8 |
| S | โ Vaesite | NiS2 |
| S | โ Wurtzite | (Zn,Fe)S |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | โ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | โ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | โ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | โ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | โ Anatase | TiO2 |
| Ti | โ Brookite | TiO2 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | โ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | โ Honessite | (Ni1-xFex3+)(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
| Fe | โ Humboldtine | Fe2+(C2O4) · 2H2O |
| Fe | โ Hydrohonessite | (Ni1-xFex3+)(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O |
| Fe | โ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| Fe | โ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
| Fe | โ Natrojarosite | NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| Fe | โ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | โ Reevesite | Ni6Fe23+(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O |
| Fe | โ Wurtzite | (Zn,Fe)S |
| Co | Cobalt | |
| Co | โ Jamborite | Ni2+1-xCox3+(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O |
| Ni | Nickel | |
| Ni | โ Honessite | (Ni1-xFex3+)(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
| Ni | โ Hydrohonessite | (Ni1-xFex3+)(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O |
| Ni | โ Jamborite | Ni2+1-xCox3+(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O |
| Ni | โ Millerite | NiS |
| Ni | โ Morenosite | NiSO4 · 7H2O |
| Ni | โ Reevesite | Ni6Fe23+(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O |
| Ni | โ Retgersite | NiSO4 · 6H2O |
| Ni | โ Vaesite | NiS2 |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | โ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| Cu | โ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Cu | โ Native Copper | Cu |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | โ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Zn | โ Wurtzite | (Zn,Fe)S |
Other Databases
| Wikipedia: | https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_Ardenza |
|---|---|
| Wikidata ID: | Q3936142 |
Localities in this Region
- Tuscany
- Livorno Province
- Livorno
- Rio Ardenza (Rio Popogna)
- Livorno
- Livorno Province
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
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References
Rio Ardenza, Livorno, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy