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Karlleuite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Karlleuite
Formula:
Ca2MnO4
Colour:
brown
Lustre:
Sub-Metallic
Hardness:
3½
Specific Gravity:
3.79 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Name:
In in honour of Karl Leu (b. 1958) from Nachtsheim, Germany, who started collecting minerals in the Eifel volcanic region in 1981. Karl Leu is an amateur mineralogist, collector, and specialist in the mineralogy of the Eifel region in Germany.
Known synthetic analogue. Chemically (compositionally) related to marokite, wernerkrauseite, and 'Unnamed (Ca-Mn Oxide)'.
The new mineral is the first natural phase which exhibits a first order of Ruddlesden-Popper type structure with a n=1, which indicates a modular nature and consists of Ca(Mn, Ti, Fe, Al)O3 perovskite layers, packed between CaO rock-salt layers arranged along the c-axis.
The new mineral is the first natural phase which exhibits a first order of Ruddlesden-Popper type structure with a n=1, which indicates a modular nature and consists of Ca(Mn, Ti, Fe, Al)O3 perovskite layers, packed between CaO rock-salt layers arranged along the c-axis.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
471048
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:471048:2
Similar Names
| Karlite | A valid IMA mineral species | (Mg,Al)6.5(BO3)3(OH)4(◻,Cl)0.5 |
IMA Classification of Karlleuite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Ca2Mn4+O4
Type description reference:
Classification of Karlleuite
4.BC.5
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
B : Metal: Oxygen = 3:4 and similar
C : With medium-sized and large cations
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
B : Metal: Oxygen = 3:4 and similar
C : With medium-sized and large cations
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Kll | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Karlleuite
Sub-Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Brown
Comment:
varying degrees of saturation from darker to lighter brown
Streak:
Light brown
Hardness:
3½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN10=240 - 266 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
good (001)
good (001)
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
3.79 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Karlleuite
Anisotropism:
weak anisotropy under crossed polarisers
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) |
|---|---|
| 470nm | 14.7–14.3% |
| 546nm | 13.5–12.8% |
| 589nm | 13.2–13.0% |
| 650nm | 13.5–13.3% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 14.7–14.3%.
Colour in reflected light:
light grey
Chemistry of Karlleuite
Mindat Formula:
Ca2MnO4
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Karlleuite
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) - Ditetragonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:
I4/mmm
Setting:
I4/mmm
Cell Parameters:
a = 3.7683(2) Å, c = 11.9893(8) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 3.182
Unit Cell V:
170.25 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.995 Å | (43) |
| 2.742 Å | (100) |
| 2.665 Å | (91) |
| 2.023 Å | (25) |
| 1.998 Å | (28) |
| 1.884 Å | (61) |
| 1.553 Å | (38) |
| 1.371 Å | (24) |
Type Occurrence of Karlleuite
General Appearance of Type Material:
thin tabular/plate crystals, which range from 40 to 80 μm in diameter
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Type material is deposited in the collections of the Natural History Museum Mainz/State Collection for Natural History Rhineland-Palatinate, Reichklarastrasse 10, 55116 Mainz, Germany, catalogue number NHMMZ M 2023/2-LS
Geological Setting of Type Material:
found in the xenolith sample within the basaltic lava
from the Caspar quarry
from the Caspar quarry
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Karlleuite
Dutch:Karlleuiet
German:Karlleuit
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.BC. | Abelloemringerite | Cu2Pb2Mn3+Mn4+ 3O11(OH)(H2O)2 · H2O |
| 4.BC. | Ellinaite | CaCr2O4 |
| 4.BC. | Addibischoffite | Ca2Al6Al6O20 |
| 4.BC.05 | Marokite | CaMn3+2O4 |
| 4.BC.10 | Dmitryivanovite | CaAl2O4 |
| 4.BC.15 | Warkite | Ca2Sc6Al6O20 |
| 4.BC.25 | Kudryavtsevaite | Na3(Mg,Fe)(Fe,Ti)2Ti3O12 |
| 4.BC.30 | Tululite | Ca14(Fe3+,Al)(Al,Zn,Fe3+,Si,P,Mn,Mg)15O36 |
| 4.BC.30 | Valleyite | Ca4Fe6O13 |
| 4.BC.35 | Krotite | CaAl2O4 |
| 4.BC.40 | Bacaferrite | BaCaFe4O8 |
Fluorescence of Karlleuite
none
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Karlleuite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-471048.html
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References for Karlleuite
Reference List:
Localities for Karlleuite
Showing 2 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Germany (TL) | |
| Juroszek +1 other reference |
| Juroszek et al. (2024) |
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Karlleuite-bearing xenolith, Caspar quarry, Ettringen, Vordereifel, Mayen-Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany