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Xanthoxenite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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03849960017665731845382.jpg
Xanthoxenite

Malpensata pegmatitic dyke, Piona Peninsula, Colico, Lecco Province, Lombardy, Italy
00348460017271927685472.jpg
Xanthoxenite, etc.

Dunton Gem Quarry, Newry, Oxford County, Maine, USA
02921910017271927713850.jpg
Xanthoxenite

SabinĂłpolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
03849960017665731845382.jpg
Xanthoxenite

Malpensata pegmatitic dyke, Piona Peninsula, Colico, Lecco Province, Lombardy, Italy
00348460017271927685472.jpg
Xanthoxenite, etc.

Dunton Gem Quarry, Newry, Oxford County, Maine, USA
02921910017271927713850.jpg
Xanthoxenite

SabinĂłpolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
03849960017665731845382.jpg
Xanthoxenite

Malpensata pegmatitic dyke, Piona Peninsula, Colico, Lecco Province, Lombardy, Italy
04555480017271927798429.jpg
Xanthoxenite, etc.

Dunton Gem Quarry, Newry, Oxford County, Maine, USA
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About XanthoxeniteHide

Formula:
Ca4Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 3H2O
Colour:
Pale yellow, brownish-yellow; pale yellow to pale lemon-yellow in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Waxy, Dull
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
2.97
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
From Greek "xanthos", yellow, plus "oxenite", alluding to its resemblance to cacoxenite.
A secondary mineral commonly resulting from the alteration of triphylite in complex, zoned, granitic pegmatites. Possibly related to minerals of the Jahnsite Group.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
4347
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:4347:8

Similar NamesHide

IMA Classification of XanthoxeniteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Ca4Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2·3H2O

Classification of XanthoxeniteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
8.DH.40

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
H : With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 < 1:1
Dana 8th ed.:
42.11.15.1

42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
11 : (AB)3(XO4)2Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:
19.14.15

19 : Phosphates
14 : Phosphates of Fe and other metals

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
XoxIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of XanthoxeniteHide

Lustre:
Waxy, Dull
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Pale yellow, brownish-yellow; pale yellow to pale lemon-yellow in transmitted light.
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {010}, perfect.
Density:
2.97 g/cm3 (Measured)    3.38 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of XanthoxeniteHide

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.704 nβ = 1.715 nγ = 1.724
2V:
Measured: 80° to 90°, Calculated: 82°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.020
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 ”m thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.

Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).

This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure - the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are isogyres.

Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
r > v weak
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
In thick grains in shades of yellow.

Chemistry of XanthoxeniteHide

Mindat Formula:
Ca4Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 3H2O
Element Weights:
Element% weight
O45.407 %
Ca21.665 %
P16.744 %
Fe15.094 %
H1.090 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
O
Ca
P
Fe
H
Elements listed:
Ca, Fe, H, O, P - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of XanthoxeniteHide

Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.7 Å, b = 8.85 Å, c = 6.54 Å
α = 92.1°, β = 110.1°, γ = 93.2°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.757 : 1 : 0.739
Unit Cell V:
362.96 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
1
Comment:
Point group may be 1.

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Loading XRD data...
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
6.24 Å(50)
4.94 Å(40)
3.48 Å(70)
3.22 Å(80)
3.05 Å(100)
2.73 Å(90)
2.23 Å(60)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals]
47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates]

Type Occurrence of XanthoxeniteHide

Synonyms of XanthoxeniteHide

Other Language Names for XanthoxeniteHide

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
5 photos of Xanthoxenite associated with Arrojadite GroupA2E2CaNa2+xM13R(PO3OH)1-x(PO4)11W2
3 photos of Xanthoxenite associated with LaueiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
3 photos of Xanthoxenite associated with UshkoviteMgFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
3 photos of Xanthoxenite associated with BermaniteMn2+Mn3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
3 photos of Xanthoxenite associated with HeterositeFe3+(PO4)
3 photos of Xanthoxenite associated with RobertsiteCa2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
2 photos of Xanthoxenite associated with EosphoriteMn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
2 photos of Xanthoxenite associated with Rockbridgeite(Fe2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)5
2 photos of Xanthoxenite associated with NatrodufréniteNaFe3+Fe3+5(PO4)4O(OH)5(H2O)2
2 photos of Xanthoxenite associated with LeucophosphiteKFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

8.DH.Thebaite-(NH4)(NH4)3Al(C2O4)(PO3OH)2(H2O)Mon. 2/m : P21/c
8.DH.Whiteite-(MnMnMn)Mn2+Mn2+Mn2+2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.Ammoniotinsleyite(NH4)Al2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
8.DH.Bergbauerite(H2O)2Mn2(Fe2Ti)(PO4)4(OH)2(H2O)10 · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.Dendoraite-(NH4)(NH4)2NaAl(C2O4)(PO3OH)2(H2O)2Mon. 2/m : P21/c
8.DH.Rowleyite[Na(NH4,K)9Cl4][V5+,4+2(P,As)O8]6 · n[H2O,Na,NH4,K,Cl]Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
8.DH.HochleitneriteMn2Ti3(PO4)4O2(H2O)2 · 14H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.Whiteite-(CaMnFe)CaMnFe2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.05MinyuliteKAl2(PO4)2F · 4H2OOrth. mm2 : Pba2
8.DH.10LeucophosphiteKFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
8.DH.10TinsleyiteKAl2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon.
8.DH.10Spheniscidite(NH4,K)(Fe3+,Al)2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnFe){Ca}{Mn2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(NaMnMn){Na}{Mn2+}{(Mn2+,Fe3+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnMg){Ca}{Mn2+}{(Mg,Fe2+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnMn){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(MnMnMg)MnMnMg2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnZn){Ca}{Mn2+}{Zn2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnMg){Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Mg2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnFe){Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15'Jahnsite-(CaFeFe)'{Ca}{Fe2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon.
8.DH.15Rittmannite{(Mn2+,Ca)}{Mn2+}{(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)2}{(Al,Fe3+)2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15KeckiteCaMn2+(Fe3+Mn2+)Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)3 · 7H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(NaMnMg){(Na,Ca)}{(Mn2+,Fe3+)}{(Mg,Fe3+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15'Jahnsite-(CaMgMg)'{Ca}{Mg}{Mg2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnZn){Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Zn2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaMgMg)CaMg3Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaFeMg){Ca}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaMnMg){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.15Whiteite-(MnFeMg){(Mn2+,Ca)}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnMn){Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
8.DH.15'Kaluginite'(Mn2+,Ca)MgFe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth.
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaFeMg){Ca}{Fe2+}{Mg2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaMnMn){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mn2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(NaFeMg){Na}{Fe3+}{Mg2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.20SegeleriteCa2 Mg2 Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pcca
8.DH.20Lun'okite(Mn,Ca)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Al(PO4)2OH · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20Manganosegelerite(Mn2+,Ca)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20WilhelmvierlingiteCaMnFe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20JuonniiteCaMgSc(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20OveriteCaMgAl(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.25CalcioferriteCa4MgFe3+4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.25ZodaciteCa4Mn2+Fe3+4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon.
8.DH.25FanfaniiteCa4Mn2+Al4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.25KingsmountiteCa3Mn2+FeAl4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.25MontgomeryiteCa4MgAl4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon. 2 : B2
8.DH.30PararobertsiteCa2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
8.DH.30RobertsiteCa2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. m : Bb
8.DH.30ArseniosideriteCa2Fe3+3(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.30Sailaufite(Ca,Na,◻)2Mn3+3(AsO4)2(CO3)O2 · 3H2OMon. m : Bm
8.DH.30MitridatiteCa2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.30KolfaniteCa2Fe3+3O2(AsO4)3 · 2H2OMon.
8.DH.35MantienneiteKMg2Al2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.35Sperlingite (H2O)K(Mn2+Fe3+)(Al2Ti)(PO4)4[O(OH)] [(H2O)9(OH)] · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
8.DH.35PaulkerriteK(Mg,Mn2+)2(Fe3+,Al,Ti,Mg)2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
8.DH.35Hydroxylbenyacarite(H2O)2Mn2(Ti2Fe)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10 · 4H2O Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.35MacraeiteK(H2O)Mn2(Fe2Ti)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
8.DH.35Benyacarite(H2O)2Mn2Ti2Fe3+(PO4)4(OF)(H2O)10 · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.35Fluormacraeite [(H2O)K]Mn2(Fe2Ti)(PO4)4(OF)(H2O)10 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
8.DH.45MahnertiteNaCu3(AsO4)2Cl · 5H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mmm
8.DH.50AndyrobertsiteKCdCu5(AsO4)4(H2AsO4) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DH.50CalcioandyrobertsiteKCaCu5(AsO4)4(H2AsO4) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DH.55EnglishiteK3Na2Ca10Al15(PO4)21(OH)7 · 26H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.60BouazzeriteBi6(Mg,Co)11Fe3+14(AsO4)18(OH)4O12 · 86H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
8.DH.65GalliskiiteCa4Al2(PO4)2F8 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.70JoteiteCa2CuAl(AsO4)[AsO3(OH)]2(OH)2 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.75KampeliteBa6Mg3Sc8(PO4)12(OH)6 · 7H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
8.DH.80KapundaiteNaCaFe4(PO4)4(OH)3 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.85VaniniiteCa2Mn2+3Mn3+2O2(AsO4)4 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for XanthoxeniteHide

References for XanthoxeniteHide

Localities for XanthoxeniteHide

Showing 39 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
Hide all sections | Show all sections

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia
 
  • South Australia
    • Light Regional Council
      • Koonunga
V. Peisley & P. Elliott in prep
    • Pastoral Unincorporated Area
      • Boolcoomatta Reserve (Boolcoomata Station)
Brazil
 
  • Minas Gerais
    • GalilĂ©ia
      • Sapucaia do Norte
Baijot et al. (2012)
King et al. (1988)
Canada
 
  • Yukon
    • Dawson mining district
Reiner Mielke 2017
Czech Republic
 
  • Central Bohemian Region
    • KutnĂĄ Hora District
      • Vlkaneč
Povondra et al. (eds.) +1 other reference
Europe
 
Berbain et al. (2012)
France
 
  • Occitanie
    • PyrĂ©nĂ©es-Orientales
      • CĂ©ret
        • ArgelĂšs-sur-Mer
BERBAIN. C et al. (2016)
        • Collioure
Berbain et al. (2012)
Germany (TL)
 
  • Bavaria
    • Lower Bavaria
      • Regen District
        • Zwiesel
          • Rabenstein
Palache et al. (1951)
    • Upper Palatinate
      • Neustadt an der Waldnaab District
        • Pleystein
Dill et al. (2009)
        • Waidhaus
          • Hagendorf
Weiß (1990)
web.archive.org (2001)
Italy
 
  • Lombardy
    • Lecco Province
      • Colico
        • Piona Peninsula
Gramaccioli (1975) +1 other reference
Portugal
 
  • Viseu
    • SĂĄtĂŁo
      • Ferreira de Aves
        • Aldeia Nova
Spain
 
  • Castile and Leon
    • Zamora
      • Villar del Buey
        • Pinilla de Fermoselle
  • Galicia
    • Pontevedra
      • LalĂ­n
Fuertes-Fuente et al. (2001)
      • Silleda
Fuertes-Fuente et al. (2001)
Fuente et al. (1996)
UK
 
  • Wales
    • Wrexham
      • Ceiriog Ucha
King et al. (1989)
USA
 
  • Connecticut
    • Fairfield County
      • Redding
        • Branchville
Januzzi +1 other reference
    • Middlesex County
      • East Hampton
Schooner (1961)
        • Cobalt
Schooner (1958)
  • Maine
    • Oxford County
      • Greenwood
        • Uncle Tom Mountain
Falster et al. (2019)
      • Newry
King et al. (1994) +1 other reference
King et al. (1994) +1 other reference
King (n.d.)
      • Paris
SEM-EDS
      • Peru
Dionne et al. (2014)
      • Rumford
Tim Blake and Scott Soucey specimens
  • New Hampshire
    • Cheshire County
      • Alstead
Smith (2005)
    • Grafton County
      • Groton
Rocks & Minerals: 80: 252. +1 other reference
Frondel (1949) +3 other references
  • North Carolina
    • Cleveland County
      • Kings Mountain
Smithsonian Institution Mineral ... +2 other references
  • South Dakota
    • Custer County
      • Custer Mining District
        • Custer
Seaman (1976)
        • Fourmile
Campbell et al. (1985) +1 other reference
        • Pringle
          • Cicero Peak
Smith et al. (2000)
    • Pennington County
      • Keystone Mining District
Smith et al. (2000)
        • Keystone
Rocks & Minerals: 67 (6)
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