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Pinnoite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Pinnoite
Johann F. H. Pinno
Formula:
Mg[B2O(OH)6]
Colour:
Yellow to yellow-green; yellow in transmitted light
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
3½
Specific Gravity:
2.27
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Name:
Named in honor of Johann Friedrich Hermann Pinno (16 March 1831, Kleinkamsdorf, Prussia, German Empire - 6 September 1902, Berlin-Charlottenburg, German Empire), Chief Councillor of Mines, Halle, Germany.
Type Locality:
This page provides mineralogical data about Pinnoite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3217
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3217:5
Similar Names
| Painite | A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered | CaZrAl9(BO3)O15 |
| Pinite | ||
| Ponite | A variety of Rhodochrosite | (Mn,Fe)CO3 |
IMA Classification of Pinnoite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
MgB2O(OH)6
First published:
1884
Classification of Pinnoite
6.BB.05
6 : BORATES
B : Diborates
B : Neso-diborates with double tetrahedra B2O(OH)6; 2(2T)
6 : BORATES
B : Diborates
B : Neso-diborates with double tetrahedra B2O(OH)6; 2(2T)
25.2.3.1
25 : ANHYDROUS BORATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
2 : Diborates
25 : ANHYDROUS BORATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
2 : Diborates
9.2.8
9 : Borates
2 : Borates of Be and Mg
9 : Borates
2 : Borates of Be and Mg
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Pno | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Pinnoite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Yellow to yellow-green; yellow in transmitted light
Hardness:
3½ on Mohs scale
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
2.27 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.29 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Pinnoite
Type:
Uniaxial (+)
RI values:
nω = 1.565 nε = 1.575
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.010
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized uniaxial interference figure - the conoscopic
(convergent-light, Bertrand-lens-in) view, for a grain cut with the optic axis
centred and vertical. The coloured rings are isochromatics, computed with the
same physics as the Michel-Lévy bar above; the dark cross is the isogyre.
For a genuinely uniaxial mineral viewed this way, that cross stays perfectly stationary if you rotate the stage - unlike a biaxial mineral, where it splits apart on rotation. That invariance is itself the standard diagnostic test for telling uniaxial and biaxial minerals apart at the microscope.
For a genuinely uniaxial mineral viewed this way, that cross stays perfectly stationary if you rotate the stage - unlike a biaxial mineral, where it splits apart on rotation. That invariance is itself the standard diagnostic test for telling uniaxial and biaxial minerals apart at the microscope.
Chemistry of Pinnoite
Mindat Formula:
Mg[B2O(OH)6]
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Pinnoite
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4/m - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
P42/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.617 Å, c = 8.19 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.075
Unit Cell V:
475.17 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Crystals short prismatic [001], rare. Commonly crystalline, fine-granular to faintly fibrous. Nodules with radiated fibrous structure and a crystalline surface.
Crystal Structure
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2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Labels
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0009203 | Pinnoite | Paton F, MacDonald S G G (1957) The crystal structure of pinnoite Acta Crystallographica 10 653-656 |  | 1957 | Stassfurt, Germany | 0 | 293 |
| 0015585 | Pinnoite | Genkina E A, Malinovskii Y A (1983) Refinement of the structure of pinnoite: Location of hydrogen atoms Soviet Physics Crystallography 28 475-477 | 1983 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0009314 | Pinnoite | Krogh-Moe J (1967) A note on the structure of pinnoite Acta Crystallographica 23 500-501 | | 1967 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.39 Å | (100) |
| 2.309 Å | (70) |
| 2.045 Å | (50) |
| 3.61 Å | (40) |
| 3.14 Å | (40) |
| 2.252 Å | (35) |
| 1.905 Å | (30) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 25 : Evaporites (prebiotic) |
Type Occurrence of Pinnoite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Nodules with a faint fibrous internal structure.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
No designated type material.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Upper Kainite layers of a salt deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Pinnoite
Common Associates
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 6.BB.10 | Pentahydroborite | CaB2O(OH)6 · 2H2O |
Other Information
Notes:
Soluble in dilute acids. Dissolves in boiling water with the formation of an alkaline solution with a flocculent precipitate which re-dissolves upon cooling of the solution.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Pinnoite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3217.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Pinnoite
Reference List:
Stadler, H. P. (1947) The cell dimensions and space-group of pinnoite. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 28 (196) 26-28 doi:10.1180/minmag.1947.028.196.05
Paton, F., MacDonald, S. G. G. (1957) The crystal structure of pinnoite. Acta Crystallographica, 10 (10) 653-656 doi:10.1107/s0365110x57002273
Krogh-Moe, J. (1967) A note on the structure of pinnoite. Acta Crystallographica, 23 (3) 500-501 doi:10.1107/s0365110x67003044
Strunz, Hugo (1996) Classification of borate minerals. European Journal of Mineralogy, 9 (1) 225-232 doi:10.1127/ejm/9/1/0225
Frost, Ray L., Xi, Yunfei (2014) Vibrational spectroscopy of the borate mineral pinnoite MgB2O(OH)6. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 117. 428-433 doi:10.1016/j.saa.2013.08.047
Lin, Feng, Dong, Yaping, Peng, Jiaoyu, Wang, Liping, Li, Wu (2015) Synthesis and formation mechanism of pinnoite by the phase transition process. Phase Transitions, 89 (6). 558-567 doi:10.1080/01411594.2015.1077524
Localities for Pinnoite
Showing 16 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Alonso (1999) |
China | |
| Kezao Chen (1992) | |
| Keqin Cai and Ziqiang Qian (1982) +5 other references |
| Dapeng Sun (1991) +4 other references | |
| Xiyu Zheng and Shengsong Yu (1981) +6 other references |
| Xifang Liu and Mianping Zheng (2010) | |
| Bingxiao (1992) |
Germany | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Palache et al. (1951) | |
| Milch (1891) +1 other reference | |
| Luedecke (1891) +1 other reference | |
| ... | |
Kazakhstan | |
| - (1993) +2 other references |
| Pekov (1998) |
Russia | |
| Mazurov et al. (2007) |
USA | |
| Crowley (1996) +1 other reference |
Quick NavTopAbout PinnoiteUnique IdentifiersSimilar NamesIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence Other LanguagesCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Inder B deposit, Inder District, Atyrau Region, Kazakhstan