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Kostylevite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Kostylevite
Ekaterina Evtikhievna Kostyleva-Labuntsova (1894 - 1974), Russian mineralogist.
Formula:
K2Zr(Si3O9) · H2O
Colour:
Colorless
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
5
Specific Gravity:
2.74
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named by A.P. Khomyakov, A.A. Voronkov, L.I. Polezhaeva, and N.N. Smolyaninova in 1983 in honor of Ekaterina Evtikhievna Kostyleva-Labuntsova (Екатерина Евтихиевна Костылёва-Лабунцова) (10 January 1894 - 6 December 1974, Moscow, USSR), mineralogist, Institute of Geology of Ore deposits, Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Moscow, Russia. The mineral labuntsovite is also named in her honor.
Type Locality:
Dimorph of:
This page provides mineralogical data about Kostylevite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2261
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2261:9
IMA Classification of Kostylevite
Approved
IMA Formula:
K2Zr4+Si3O9·H2O
Approval year:
1982
First published:
1983
Classification of Kostylevite
9.CJ.35
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
C : Cyclosilicates
J : [Si6O18]12- 6-membered single rings (sechser-Einfachringe), without insular complex anions
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
C : Cyclosilicates
J : [Si6O18]12- 6-membered single rings (sechser-Einfachringe), without insular complex anions
59.2.1.3
59 : CYCLOSILICATES Three-Membered Rings
2 : Three-Membered Rings, hydrated
59 : CYCLOSILICATES Three-Membered Rings
2 : Three-Membered Rings, hydrated
14.10.15
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
10 : Silicates of Zr or Hf
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
10 : Silicates of Zr or Hf
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Ksv | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Kostylevite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Colorless
Streak:
White
Hardness:
5 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=428 - 535 - Vickers
Cleavage:
Perfect
(110)
(110)
Density:
2.74 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.79 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Kostylevite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.595(2) nβ = 1.598(2) nγ = 1.61(2)
2V:
Measured: 48° , Calculated: 54°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.015
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
r > v or r < v
Optical Extinction:
X = b; Y ∧ c = 45°.
Chemistry of Kostylevite
Mindat Formula:
K2Zr(Si3O9) · H2O
Element Weights:
Common Impurities:
Ti,Hf,Fe
Crystallography of Kostylevite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/c
Setting:
P21/a
Cell Parameters:
a = 13.171(4) Å, b = 11.717(4) Å, c = 6.565(2) Å
β = 105.26°
β = 105.26°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.124 : 1 : 0.56
Unit Cell V:
977.42 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Elongated on c, showing forms {001}, {010}, {100}, and {011}.
Twinning:
Twinned on (100)
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 6.42 Å | (47) |
| 5.60 Å | (60) |
| 3.336 Å | (53) |
| 3.087 Å | (100) |
| 2.802 Å | (53) |
Comments:
Vuonnemiok River Valley, Russia. Data from type description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks |
Type Occurrence of Kostylevite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Elongated colorless crystals.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Geology Museum, Kola Branch, Academy of Sciences, Apatity, Russia.
Mining Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, number 1634/1.
A. E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, number 82757.
Mining Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, number 1634/1.
A. E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, number 82757.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Alkalic pegmatite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Kostylevite
Other Language Names for Kostylevite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 11 photos of Kostylevite associated with Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| 8 photos of Kostylevite associated with Sazykinaite-(Y) | Na5YZr[SiO3]6 · 6H2O |
| 4 photos of Kostylevite associated with Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| 1 photo of Kostylevite associated with Feldspar Group | |
| 1 photo of Kostylevite associated with Lamprophyllite | (Na,Mn2+)3(Sr,Na)2(Ti,Fe3+)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH,O,F)2 |
| 1 photo of Kostylevite associated with Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.CJ. | Zolotarevite | Na5Zr[Si6O15(OH)3] · 3H2O |
| 9.CJ. | 'Avdeevite' | NaAl4(Be5Li)(Si6O18)2(H2O)1-2 |
| 9.CJ. | 'Beryllocordierite-Na' | NaMg4(Al5Be)(AlSi5O18)2 · 2H2O |
| 9.CJ. | Sachanbińskiite | NaMn4(Al5Be)(AlSi5O18)2 · 2H2O |
| 9.CJ. | Nakkaalaaqite | K2[Na3Ca]LiCa2Ti2Be4Si12O38 |
| 9.CJ.05 | Johnkoivulaite-(Cs) | Cs[Be2B]Mg2Si6O18 |
| 9.CJ.05 | Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| 9.CJ.05 | Bazzite | Be3Sc2(Si6O18) |
| 9.CJ.05 | Ferroindialite | (Fe2+,Mg)2Al4Si5O18 |
| 9.CJ.05 va | 'Vorobyevite' | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| 9.CJ.05 | Stoppaniite | Be3Fe3+2(Si6O18) · H2O |
| 9.CJ.05 | Indialite | Mg2Al3(AlSi5O18) |
| 9.CJ.10 | Sekaninaite | Fe2+2Al4Si5O18 |
| 9.CJ.10 | Cordierite | Mg2Al4Si5O18 |
| 9.CJ.15a | Zirsinalite | Na6(Ca,Mn2+,Fe2+)Zr(Si6O18) |
| 9.CJ.15a | Kapustinite | Na6ZrSi6O16(OH)2 |
| 9.CJ.15a | Townendite | Na8ZrSi6O18 |
| 9.CJ.15a | Combeite | Na4.5Ca3.5Si6O17.5(OH)0.5 |
| 9.CJ.15a | Kazakovite | Na6Mn2+Ti(Si6O18) |
| 9.CJ.15a | Tisinalite | Na3H3(Mn,Ca,Fe)TiSi6(O,OH)18 · 2H2O |
| 9.CJ.15a | Lovozerite | Na2Ca(Zr,Ti)(Si6O12)[(OH)4O2] · H2O |
| 9.CJ.15a | Litvinskite | Na2(◻,Na,Mn)ZrSi6O12(OH,O)6 |
| 9.CJ.15c | Koashvite | Na6(Ca,Mn)(Ti,Fe)Si6O18 · H2O |
| 9.CJ.15b | Imandrite | Na12Ca3Fe3+2(Si6O18)2 |
| 9.CJ.25 | Baratovite | KCa7(Ti,Zr)2Li3Si12O36F2 |
| 9.CJ.25 | Aleksandrovite | KCa7Sn2Li3Si12O36F2 |
| 9.CJ.25 | Katayamalite | KLi3Ca7Ti2(SiO3)12(OH)2 |
| 9.CJ.30 | Dioptase | CuSiO3 · H2O |
| 9.CJ.40 | Petarasite | Na5Zr2(Si6O18)(Cl,OH) · 2H2O |
| 9.CJ.45 | Gerenite-(Y) | (Ca,Na)2(Y,REE)3Si6O18 · 2H2O |
| 9.CJ.50 | Odintsovite | K2Na4Ca3Ti2Be4Si12O38 |
| 9.CJ.55 | Mathewrogersite | Pb7FeAl3GeSi12O36(OH,H2O)6 |
| 9.CJ.60 | Pezzottaite-(Cs) | Cs(Be2Li)Al2(Si6O18) |
Radioactivity
Radioactivity:
| Element | % Content | Activity (Bq/kg) | Radiation Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uranium (U) | 0.0000% | 0 | α, β, γ |
| Thorium (Th) | 0.0000% | 0 | α, β, γ |
| Potassium (K) | 18.8114% | 5,832 | β, γ |
For comparison:
- Banana: ~15 Bq per fruit
- Granite: 1,000–3,000 Bq/kg
- EU exemption limit: 10,000 Bq/kg
Note: Risk is shown relative to daily recommended maximum exposure to non-background radiation of 1000 µSv/year. Note that natural background radiation averages around 2400 µSv/year so in reality these risks are probably extremely overstated! With infrequent handling and safe storage natural radioactive minerals do not usually pose much risk.
Interactive Simulator:
Note: The mass selector refers to the mass of radioactive mineral present, not the full specimen, also be aware that the matrix may also be radioactive, possibly more radioactive than this mineral!
Activity: –
| Distance | Dose rate | Risk |
|---|---|---|
| 1 cm | ||
| 10 cm | ||
| 1 m |
The external dose rate (D) from a radioactive mineral is estimated by summing the gamma radiation contributions from its Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium content, disregarding daughter-product which may have a significant effect in some cases (eg 'pitchblende'). This involves multiplying the activity (A, in Bq) of each element by its specific gamma ray constant (Γ), which accounts for its unique gamma emissions. The total unshielded dose at 1 cm is then scaled by the square of the distance (r, in cm) and multiplied by a shielding factor (μshield). This calculation provides a 'worst-case' or 'maximum risk' estimate because it assumes the sample is a point source and entirely neglects any self-shielding where radiation is absorbed within the mineral itself, meaning actual doses will typically be lower. The resulting dose rate (D) is expressed in microsieverts per hour (μSv/h).
D = ((AU × ΓU) + (ATh × ΓTh) + (AK × ΓK)) / r2 × μshield
Other Information
Thermal Behaviour:
Material heated to 600°C gives an X-ray pattern similar to wadeite.
Notes:
Decomposed by cold 10% HCl.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Kostylevite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2261.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Kostylevite
Localities for Kostylevite
Showing 4 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Russia | |
| Arzamastsev et al. (2008) |
| 33 IGC excursion No 47 | |
| ZVMO (1983) +2 other references |
| Ferraris et al. (2001) |
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Koashva Open Pit, Koashva Mt, Murmansk Oblast, Russia