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Pararsenolamprite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Pararsenolamprite
Formula:
(As,Sb)
Type material has the formula As0.94Sb0.05S0.01.
Colour:
grey
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
2 - 2½
Specific Gravity:
5.88
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named for the Greek παρά ("para"), "similar", and arsenolamprite, for the polymorphic relationship between the two species.
Polymorph of:
Sb-bearing polymorph of native arsenic and arsenolamprite. Unlike normal native arsenic, stable in the atmosphere. Found with stibnite on mammillary arsenic in quartz vein from a hydrothermal Ag-Au mine.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
10994
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:10994:5
IMA Classification of Pararsenolamprite
Classification of Pararsenolamprite
1.CA.10
1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
C : Metalloids and Nonmetals
A : Arsenic group elements
1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
C : Metalloids and Nonmetals
A : Arsenic group elements
Dana 7th ed.:
1.3.1.6
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Pasl | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Pararsenolamprite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Grey
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
2 - 2½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN25=66 - 91 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
{001}
{001}
Density:
5.88 g/cm3 (Measured) 5.99 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Pararsenolamprite
Anisotropism:
Strong (dark brown, greenish grey)
Bireflectance:
Distinct (cream parallel to elongation and brown, green perpendicular to elongation)
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) | R2 (%) | imR1 (%) | imR2 (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 470nm | 49.0% | 44.0% | 33.6% | 29.3% |
| 546nm | 47.0% | 42.1% | 31.5% | 28.0% |
| 589nm | 44.8% | 39.9% | 29.7% | 26.9% |
| 650nm | 44.9% | 40.3% | 29.2% | 26.0% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 49.0%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red, imR1 shown in green, imR2 shown in blue
Colour in reflected light:
White with a slightly greenish-blue tint
Chemistry of Pararsenolamprite
Mindat Formula:
(As,Sb)
Type material has the formula As0.94Sb0.05S0.01.
Type material has the formula As0.94Sb0.05S0.01.
Element Weights:
| Element | % weight |
|---|---|
| As | 100.000 % |
Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Sb,S
Crystallography of Pararsenolamprite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mm2 - Pyramidal
Space Group:
Pmn21
Cell Parameters:
a = 3.663 Å, b = 10.196 Å, c = 10.314 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.359 : 1 : 1.012
Unit Cell V:
382.1 ų
Z:
18
Morphology:
{001}, elongated on [100] and flattened on {001}
Twinning:
None mentioned
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.17 Å | (100) |
| 4.60 Å | (24) |
| 3.259 Å | (58) |
| 2.840 Å | (27) |
| 2.580 Å | (22) |
| 2.299 Å | (23) |
| 1.794 Å | (26) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) | |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47h : [Near-surface oxidized, dehydrated minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Pararsenolamprite
Geological Setting of Type Material:
In a hydrothermal Sb-As-Ag-Au ore deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Pararsenolamprite
Other Language Names for Pararsenolamprite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 1 photo of Pararsenolamprite associated with Native Arsenic | As |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 1.CA.05 | Native Antimony | Sb |
| 1.CA.05 | Native Arsenic | As |
| 1.CA.05 | Native Bismuth | Bi |
| 1.CA.05 | Stibarsen | AsSb |
| 1.CA.10 | Arsenolamprite | As |
| 1.CA.15 | Paradocrasite | Sb2(Sb,As)2 |
| 1.CA.20 | Native Phosphorus | P4 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Pararsenolamprite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-10994.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Pararsenolamprite
Reference List:
Matsubara, S., Miyawaki, R., Shimizu, M., Yamanaka, T. (2001) Pararsenolamprite, a new polymorph of native As, from the Mukuno mine, Oita Prefecture, Japan. Mineralogical Magazine, 65 (6) 807-812 doi:10.1180/0026461016560011
Yoshiasa, Akira, Tokuda, Makoto, Misawa, Masaaki, Shimojo, Fuyuki, Momma, Koichi, Miyawaki, Ritsuro, Matsubara, Satoshi, Nakatsuka, Akihiko, Sugiyama, Kazumasa (2019) Natural arsenic with a unique order structure: potential for new quantum materials. Scientific Reports, 9. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-42561-8
Localities for Pararsenolamprite
Showing 3 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Chile | |
| Jordi Fabre |
| XRD by Igor V. Pekov |
Japan (TL) | |
| Matsubara et al. (2001) |
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Hinoji Mine, Yamaga, Hayami District, Oita Prefecture, Japan