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Chiluite
A valid IMA mineral species
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Formula:
Bi3Te6+Mo6+O10.5
Colour:
Yellow
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
3.65
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Name:
Named for the type locality, Chilu molybdenum deposit.
Type Locality:
This page provides mineralogical data about Chiluite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1004
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1004:3
Similar Names
| Chileit (of Breithaupt) | A synonym of Goethite | |
| Chileite | A synonym of Mottramite | |
| Chiolite | A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered | Na5Al3F14 |
IMA Classification of Chiluite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Bi3+3Te6+Mo6+O10.5
Approval year:
1988
First published:
1989
Classification of Chiluite
7.BD.55
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
B : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, without H2O
D : With only large cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
B : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, without H2O
D : With only large cations
7.11.13.1
7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
11 : Miscellaneous
7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
11 : Miscellaneous
7.17.4
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
17 : Oxides of Se and Te
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
17 : Oxides of Se and Te
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Cil | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Chiluite
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Yellow
Hardness:
3 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN10=108 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Density:
3.65 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.67 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Chiluite
Type:
Uniaxial (-)
RI values:
nω = 2.4(1) nε = 2.3(1)
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.100
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized uniaxial interference figure - the conoscopic
(convergent-light, Bertrand-lens-in) view, for a grain cut with the optic axis
centred and vertical. The coloured rings are isochromatics, computed with the
same physics as the Michel-Lévy bar above; the dark cross is the isogyre.
For a genuinely uniaxial mineral viewed this way, that cross stays perfectly stationary if you rotate the stage - unlike a biaxial mineral, where it splits apart on rotation. That invariance is itself the standard diagnostic test for telling uniaxial and biaxial minerals apart at the microscope.
For a genuinely uniaxial mineral viewed this way, that cross stays perfectly stationary if you rotate the stage - unlike a biaxial mineral, where it splits apart on rotation. That invariance is itself the standard diagnostic test for telling uniaxial and biaxial minerals apart at the microscope.
Anisotropism:
Weak
Bireflectance:
None
Optical Extinction:
Parallel extinction
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) | R2 (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 410nm | 19.45% | 20.75% |
| 430nm | 19.25% | 20.45% |
| 450nm | 18.80% | 20.00% |
| 470nm | 18.40% | 19.50% |
| 490nm | 18.00% | 18.90% |
| 510nm | 17.75% | 18.60% |
| 530nm | 17.50% | 18.40% |
| 550nm | 17.25% | 18.25% |
| 570nm | 17.00% | 18.05% |
| 590nm | 16.75% | 17.80% |
| 610nm | 16.65% | 17.60% |
| 630nm | 16.50% | 17.40% |
| 650nm | 16.45% | 17.30% |
| 670nm | 16.30% | 17.20% |
| 690nm | 16.15% | 17.00% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 20.75%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Gray
Internal Reflections:
Gray-brown
Comments:
Negative elongation.
Chemistry of Chiluite
Mindat Formula:
Bi3Te6+Mo6+O10.5
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Chiluite
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.97 Å, c = 12.2 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.36
Unit Cell V:
850.11 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
1
Comment:
Point Group: 622, 6/m, or 6.; Space Group: P6322, P63m, or P63.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.30 Å | (100) |
| 3.05 Å | (90) |
| 2.51 Å | (50 |
| 2.06 Å | (50) |
| 1.655 Å | (50) |
| 2.88 Å | (40) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47) | |
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Type Occurrence of Chiluite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Plumose replacements in joseite inclusions in bismuthinite; as veinlets and as irregular to hexagonal isolated grains isolated in bismuthinite; as a rim on koechlinite, the exterior having a hexagonal outline. Grain size generally 10-20 µm (maximum 42 µm).
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum for Geology, Beijing, China, number M09636.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
In quartz veins in a bismuth deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Chiluite
Other Language Names for Chiluite
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 7.BD. | Hasanovite | KNa(MoO2)(SO4)2 |
| 7.BD. | Kennygayite | [Pb4O2(OH)2](SO4) |
| 7.BD. | Adanite | Pb2(Te4+O3)(SO4) |
| 7.BD. | Cadsulfohite | Cd2(SO4)(OH)2 |
| 7.BD. | Hyblerite | Pb4Bi2(SO4)2(CO3)O4 |
| 7.BD. | Zanelliite | PbCu9[AsO3.5(OH)0.5]2(AsO4)2(OH)9(H2O)3 |
| 7.BD. | Evanichite | Pb6Cr3+(Cr6+O4)2(SO4)(OH)7FCl |
| 7.BD.05 | Sulphohalite | Na6(SO4)2FCl |
| 7.BD.10 | Galeite | Na15(SO4)5F4Cl |
| 7.BD.10 | Schairerite | Na21(SO4)7ClF6 |
| 7.BD.15 | Kogarkoite | Na3(SO4)F |
| 7.BD.20 | Aiolosite | Na4Bi(SO4)3Cl |
| 7.BD.20 | Caracolite | Na3Pb2(SO4)3Cl |
| 7.BD.20 | Cesanite | Na3Ca2(SO4)3(OH) |
| 7.BD.25 | Burkeite | Na6(CO3)(SO4)2 |
| 7.BD.30 | Hanksite | Na22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl |
| 7.BD.35 | Cannonite | Bi2(SO4)O(OH)2 |
| 7.BD.40 | Lanarkite | Pb2(SO4)O |
| 7.BD.45 | Grandreefite | Pb2(SO4)F2 |
| 7.BD.50 | Itoite | Pb3Ge4+(SO4)2O2(OH)2 |
| 7.BD.60 | Hectorfloresite | Na9(SO4)4(IO3) |
| 7.BD.65 | Pseudograndreefite | Pb6(SO4)F10 |
| 7.BD.70 | Sundiusite | Pb10(SO4)O8Cl2 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Chiluite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1004.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
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References for Chiluite
Reference List:
Localities for Chiluite
Showing 1 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
China (TL) | |
| Yang Xiuzhen et al. (1989) |
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