List of feminists
 | This article may have too many red links. (July 2012) |
This is a list of important participants in the development of feminism.
Feminists
[change | change source]- Lesley Abdela, British feminist fl. 2010
- Abigail Adams (1744–1818), First Lady of the United States
- Jane Addams (1860–1935)
- Sophie Adlersparre (1823–1895)
- Alfhild Agrell (1849–1923)
- Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa (1486–1535), author of Declamation on the Nobility and Preeminence of the Female Sex
- Catharina Ahlgren (1734–1783), Swedish journalist and feminist
- Linda Martín Alcoff
- Alan Alda, U.S. actor (M*A*S*H* and The West Wing) who campaigned for Equal Rights Amendment in the 1970s and early 1980s
- Soteria Aliberty, Greek educator and writer
- Elisabeth Altmann-Gottheiner (1874–1930), German university lecturer
- Ellen Anckarsvärd (1833–1898), Swedish feminist
- Adelaide Anderson (1863–1936), British
- Elizabeth Garrett Anderson (1836–1917), British physician and suffragist
- Louisa Garrett Anderson (1873–1943), British physician and suffragette
- Jane Anger, author of Her Protection for Women, London: Printed by Richard Jones, and Thomas Orwin. 1589.
- Susan B. Anthony (1820–1906), American suffragette
- Anti-Flag, self-proclaimed feminists, who have written songs including Feminism is for Everyone (With a Beating Heart and Functioning Brain)
- Gloria E. Anzaldúa
- Maria Arbatova (born 1957), leading Russian feminist
- Lovisa Årberg (1801–1881), first woman doctor and surgeon in Sweden
- Concepción Arenal (1820–1893), activist, writer, thinker, pioneer, and founder of the feminist movement in Spain
- Margery Corbett Ashby (1882–1981), British
- Ottilie Assing
- Mary Astell (c. 1666–1731), author of Serious Proposal to the Ladies
- Hubertine Auclert
- Rachel Foster Avery
- Mariama Bâ, writer and supporter for women's rights from Senegal.
- Lois W. Banner, U.S. historian
- Marie Bashkirtseff
- Anna Bayerová (1853–1924), second Czech female physician
- Lydia Becker (1827–1890), British suffrage campaigner
- Catharine Beecher (1800–1878), American educator and author
- Helen Bentwich (1892–1972), British Chair of London County Council
- Signe Bergman (1869–1960), Swedish suffrage leader
- Annie Besant
- Julie Bindel, Guardian columnist and a campaigner against male violence, sex trafficking, and rape
- Rosa May Billinghurst (1875–1953), British suffragette
- Teresa Billington-Greig (1877–1964), British founder of the Women's Freedom League
- Elizabeth Blackwell (1821–1910), first female physician in the U.S.
- Barbara Bodichon
- Elsie Bowerman (1889–1973)
- Anne Bradstreet
- Fredrika Bremer
- Sophia Elisabet Brenner (1659–1724), Swedish salonist and poet
- Ursula Mellor Bright[1]
- Emilia Broomé, Swedish politician
- Flora Brovina
- Antoinette Brown
- Susan Brownmiller
- Katherine Burdekin
- Lucy Burns
- Katharine Bushnell
- Josephine Butler (1828–1906), British
- Lydia Cacho
- Liz Carpenter, a founder of the National Women's Political Caucus
- Frances Jennings Casement
- Ana Castillo
- Carrie Chapman Catt (1859–1947), American women's rights activist
- Maria Cederschiöld, Swedish feminist
- Enid Charles (1894–1972)
- Phyllis Chesler
- Christina of Sweden (1626–1689), Queen
- Alice Whitcomb Clark
- Florence Claxton (fl. 1840–1879), English artist and author
- Voltairine de Cleyre
- Hillary Clinton, former First Lady and now Secretary of State and U.S. politician
- Kurt Cobain, self-proclaimed feminist, in defense of the song "Rape Me", which he described as an "anti-rape song."
- Francis Power Cobbe
- Nikki Craft
- Jill Craigie (1911–1999), British film maker
- Minnie Fisher Cunningham (1882–1964) First president of League of Women Voters,First woman from Texas to run for the United States Senate
- Mary Daly, ethicist and theologian
- Emily Wilding Davison (1872–1913), British suffragette
- Simone de Beauvoir
- Marquis de Condorcet (1743–1794), philosopher and mathematician of the French Enlightenment [2]
- Eoin Conroy
- Olympe de Gouges
- Marie de Gournay
- François Poullain de la Barre
- Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (1648–1695), Mexican nun and pioneer of female education in the Western hemisphere
- Francisco de Miranda (1750–1816), Precursor of Latin American Independence and military figure of the French Revolution
- Christine de Pizan (1365–1430)
- Josefina Deland (1814–1890), Swedish feminist
- Barbara Deming
- Marie Dentière (c. 1495–1561), Genevan Protestant theologian who called for the increased religious participation of women
- Charlotte Despard (1844–1939), British
- Frederick Douglass[3]
- Carol Ann Duffy
- Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz
- Marguerite Durand
- Andrea Dworkin
- Norah Elam (1878–1961)[4]
- Friedrich Engels (1820–1895), Communist writer and thinker; wrote The Origin of the Family, Private Property, and the State
- Cynthia Enloe, International Relations scholar
- Dorothea Erxleben (1715–1762), first female physician in Germany
- Millicent Garrett Fawcett (1847–1929), British leader of the suffragist movement
- Emily Faithfull (1835–1895), British
- Shulamith Firestone
- Louise Flodin, Swedish
- Mary Sargant Florence (1857–1954), suffragist, painter, and writer
- Betty Ford, former First Lady
- Isabella Ford (1855–1924)
- Modesta di Pozzo di Forzi
- Juliette Frette
- Marilyn Frye
- Margaret Fuller
- Matilda Joslyn Gage
- Charlotte Perkins Gilman
- Emma Goldman
- Vida Goldstein (1869–1949), Australian feminist politician
- Jane Gomeldon (died 1779), English essayist
- Jane Goodall
- Lois Gould
- Bettisia Gozzadini (1209–1261), held a chair in law at the University Bologna, Italy, probably the first woman ever to hold a university post.
- Jane Grant
- Angelina Emily Grimke
- Sarah Grimke
- Marianne Hainisch
- Bertha Harris
- Jane Ellen Harrison, British scholar
- Anna Hierta-Retzius (1841–1924)
- Shere Hite
- Sarah Hoagland
- Nicole Hollander
- Edith How-Martyn (1875–1954), British suffragette
- Julia Ward Howe
- Mary Howell
- André A. Jackson, African diamond administrator and philanthropist
- Aletta Jacobs (1854–1929), the first woman to complete a university course in the Netherlands and the first female physician
- Karla Jay
- Sheila Jeffreys
- Sonia Johnson
- Jill Johnston
- Christian Isobel Johnstone (1781–1857), Scottish journalist, editor, and novelist
- Marie Juchacz, German social reformer, feminist, and Member of the Reichstag
- Wendy Kaminer
- Aoua Keita
- Anna Kingsford (1846–1888)
- Alexandra Kollontai
- Louisa Lawson, Australian suffragist and women's rights campaigner
- Mary Lee, South Australian suffragist
- Anna Maria Lenngren (1754–1817), Swedish phoet
- John Lennon, self-proclaimed feminist who with wife Yoko Ono wrote the feminist song Woman is the Nigger of the World and Woman (John Lennon song)
- Anna Leonowens
- Gerda Lerner, post-Marxist
- Fredrika Limnell, Swedish
- Lizzy Lind af Hageby (1878–1963)
- Mary Livermore
- Audre Lorde
- Mina Loy
- Margaret Bright Lucas[5]
- Rosa Luxemburg
- Constance Lytton, British suffragette
- Catharine MacKinnon
- Agnes Macphail, first woman elected to Canadian House of Commons and founder of the Elizabeth Fry Society of Canada
- Madonna, entertainer
- Soe Tjen Marching, Indonesian feminist
- Amanda Marcotte, American blogger and activist
- William Moulton Marston
- Harriet Martineau (1802–1876), British, writer
- Else Mayer
- Rosa Mayreder
- Susan McClary
- Nellie McClung
- Wendy McElroy
- Helen Priscilla McLaren
- Page Mellish
- Louise Michel, Paris Commune 1871–1880 and considered women's labor of comparable worth
- Harriet Taylor Mill (1807–1858), English thinker[6]
- John Stuart Mill (1806–1873), English thinker and women's rights advocate
- Katti Anker Møller, Norwegian activist on behalf of single mothers and reproductive rights
- Agda Montelius (1850–1920)
- Honor Moore American writer of poetry, creative nonfiction and plays
- Cherríe Moraga
- Robin Morgan
- Lucretia Mott
- Anna Maria Mozzoni
- Clarina I. H. Nichols
- Helena Normanton British, first practising female barrister
- Martha Nussbaum
- Terry O'Neill, president of the National Organization for Women (NOW)
- Yoko Ono, Japanese American artist, filmmaker, and musician
- Grace Paley
- Christabel Pankhurst, British suffragette
- Emmeline Pankhurst, British suffragette
- Sylvia Pankhurst, British suffragette
- Alice Paul
- Eva Perón
- Frédérique Petrides (1903-1983) Belgian-American; one of the first women orchestral conductors and editor of Women in Music
- Marion Phillips
- Sylvia Plath, author of The Bell Jar
- Letty Cottin Pogrebin
- Katha Pollitt, author of Reasonable Creatures
- Sharon Presley
- Jerilynn Prior
- Madeleine de Puisieux (1720-1798), feminist writer
- Eleanor Rathbone, British
- Janice Raymond
- Claire Rayner, British
- Adrienne Rich
- Abby Rockefeller
- Rosalie Roos (1823–1898)
- Ernestine Rose
- Agnes Maude Royden, British suffrage campaigner
- Kathy Rudy
- Florence Rush
- Gita Sahgal, Indian feminist
- Sarojini Sahoo
- Celia Sánchez (1920–1980), in Cuban revolution and one of first women to comprise a combat squad during the revolution
- George Sand (1804–1876), French Novelist
- Flora Sandes, jingoistic female participant in Serbian conflicts during the First World War.
- Margaret Sanger
- Thomas Sankara, author of Women's Liberation and the African Freedom Struggle (1987 speech)
- Auguste Schmidt (1833–1902), pioneer of women's education in Germany
- Olive Schreiner
- Alice Schwarzer
- Rose Scott
- Barbara Seaman
- Baroness Seear, British
- Séverine
- Mary Shelley (1797–1851), English novelist
- Kate Sheppard
- Tarabai Shinde
- Emily Anne Eliza Shirreff (1814–1897), English activist and writer
- Elaine Showalter
- Ruth Simpson
- Barbara Smith
- Dame Ethel Mary Smyth
- Valerie Solanas
- Donita Sparks, musician
- Anna Garlin Spencer
- Elizabeth Cady Stanton
- Gloria Steinem
- Anna Sterky
- Helene Stöcker
- Lucy Stone
- Marie Stopes
- Mary Stott, British feminist journalist
- Karlina Leksono Supelli, Indonesian feminist
- Kazimiera Szczuka, Polish feminist, journalist, and critic and theoretician of the literature
- Táhirih (1814/20–1852), Bahá'í poet, philosopher, and theologian
- Elisabeth Tamm
- Joan Kennedy Taylor
- Thomas Thorild (1759–1808), Swedish poet and feminist
- J. Ann Tickner, International Relations scholar
- Sojourner Truth
- Harriet Tubman
- Urvashi Vaid
- Wil van Gogh
- Peng Wan-ru
- Nesta Helen Webster, early 20th-century U.K. conservative
- Trude Weiss-Rosmarin
- Joss Whedon, writer-director and creator of Buffy the Vampire Slayer
- Anna Whitlock, Swedish suffragette and school reformer
- Karolina Widerström
- Frances Willard (1839–1898), American educator, temperance reformer, and suffragist
- Charlotte Wilson
- Monique Wittig
- Alice Wolfson
- Mary Wollstonecraft (1759–1797), author of A Vindication of the Rights of Woman
- Victoria Woodhull
- Virginia Woolf
- Frances Wright
- Elizabeth Wurtzel, author of Bitch and Prozac Nation
- Cathy Young
- Sande Zeig
- Clara Zetkin
- Rote Zora
Second-wave feminists
[change | change source]- Bella Abzug
- Gloria E. Anzaldúa
- Ti-Grace Atkinson
- Lorraine Bethel
- Susan Brownmiller
- Charlotte Bunch
- Beatrix Campbell
- Thérèse Casgrain
- Shirley St. Hill Chisholm
- Sandra Coney
- Sonja Davies
- Angela Davis
- Simone de Beauvoir
- Carol Downer
- Cynthia Enloe
- Myrlie Evers
- Susan Faludi
- Melissa Farley
- Clara Fraser
- Elizabeth "Betty" Bloomer Ford
- Gerald Ford
- Jo Freeman (Joreen)
- Marilyn French
- Betty Friedan
- Carol Gilligan
- Heide Göttner-Abendroth, German
- Germaine Greer
- Carol Hanisch
- Donna Haraway
- Bertha Harris
- Nancy Hartsock
- Dorothy Hewett
- bell hooks
- Sheila Jeffreys, Australian radical feminist
- Florynce Kennedy
- Coretta Scott King
- Anne Koedt
- Peggy Kornegger
- Jacqueline Livingston
- Angela Mason (1944-), British
- Kate Millett
- Robin Morgan
- Ann Oakley
- Griselda Pollock
- Erin Pizzey
- Janice Raymond
- Bernice Johnson Reagon
- Helen Reddy
- Sheila Rowbotham, British
- Joanna Russ
- Diana E. H. Russell
- Alice Schwarzer
- Lynne Segal
- Kato Shidzue, Japan
- Ann Simonton
- Eleanor Smeal
- Dale Spender
- Gloria Steinem
- Michele Wallace
- Hilary Wainwright
- Molly Yard
Third-wave feminists
[change | change source]- Li Ang (writer)
- Tori Amos
- Gloria E. Anzaldúa
- Margaret Atwood
- Jennifer Baumgardner
- Melissa Benn
- Giannina Braschi
- Augusta Bender
- Susie Bright
- Carrie Brownstein
- Judith Butler
- Margaret Cho
- Meg Waite Clayton
- Patricia Hill Collins, author of Black Feminist ThoughtCollins, Patricia Hill (2000). Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment. ISBN 0-415-92483-9. OCLC 41211570.
- Kimberly Dark
- Ani DiFranco
- Martha Davis
- Donna Dresch
- Betty Dodson
- Johanna Fateman
- Tavi Gevinson
- Emily Haines
- Kathleen Hanna
- Donna Haraway
- bell hooks
- Holly Hunter
- Joan Jett
- Miranda July
- Marcelle Karp
- Jamie Keiles
- Jean Kilbourne
- Grace Ji-Sun Kim, Korean-American theologian
- Barbara Kingsolver
- Ariel Levy
- Rosie Malek-Yonan, activist and author of The Crimson Field
- Inga Muscio
- Kathy Najimy
- Sandra Oh
- Alicia Ostriker
- Ellen Page
- Peaches
- Liz Phair
- Maria Raha
- JD Samson
- Marie-Laure Sauty de Chalon
- Gudrun Schyman
- Joan Smith
- Annie Sprinkle, American porn actress
- Debbie Stoller
- Nadine Strossen
- Lili Taylor
- Corin Tucker
- Robin Tunney
- Tobi Vail
- Jessica Valenti
- Rebecca Walker
- Natasha Walter
- Kaia Wilson
- Naomi Wolf
- Allison Wolfe
- Julie Zeilinger
Ecofeminists
[change | change source]French feminists
[change | change source]- Olympe Audouard
- Hubertine Auclert
- Marie Bashkirtseff
- Hélène Cixous
- Simone de Beauvoir
- Olympe de Gouges
- Christine Delphy
- Maria Deraismes
- Fatou Diome
- Marguerite Durand
- Bracha L. Ettinger
- Colette Guillaumin
- Sibylle Gabrielle Marie Antoinette Riqueti de Mirabeau
- Gisèle Halimi
- Luce Irigaray
- Julia Kristeva
- André Leo
- Anaïs Nin
- Madeleine Pelletier
- Eugenie Potonie-Pierre
- Pauline Roland
- Marie-Laure Sauty de Chalon
- Séverine
- Flora Tristan
Muslim feminists
[change | change source]- Leila Ahmed, Egyptian American writer
- Qasim Amin
- Shirin Ebadi
- Nawal el-Sadaawi
- Tahar Haddad, Tunisian writer
- Zaib-un-Nissa Hamidullah
- Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim
- Kartini, Indonesian
- Noushin Ahmadi Khorasani
- Elaheh Koulaei
- Rabab Al-Kadhimi
- Irshad Manji
- Fatima Mernissi
- Asra Nomani
- Marjane Satrapi
- Huda Shaarawi
- Shahla Sherkat
Related pages
[change | change source]References
[change | change source]- ↑ ‘Bright, Ursula Mellor (1835–1915)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
- ↑ "Marquis de Condorcet on voting rights for women. Women's History Month 2003 by Sunshine for Women". Archived from the original on 2011-01-07. Retrieved 2012-07-08.
- ↑ "National Park Service - Museum Management Program". www.nps.gov. Archived from the original on 2007-06-26. Retrieved 2019-02-15.
- ↑ McPherson, Angela; McPherson, Susan (2010). Mosley's Old Suffragette - A Biography of Norah Elam. Lulu Enterprises Incorporated. ISBN 978-1-4452-7308-2.[permanent dead link]
- ↑ Oxford Dictionary of National Biographies.
- ↑ "Harriet Taylor : Biography". Archived from the original on 2012-05-20. Retrieved 2012-07-08.
