Arrhythmia
Arrhythmia, izwi kandi nka arrhythmia y'umutima cyangwa arrhythmia y'umutima, ni itsinda ry'indwara aho umutima utera mu buryo butari bwo, wihuta cyane, cyangwa ugenda buhoro cyane.[1] Umuvuduko w'umutima wihuta cyane - hejuru ya beats 100 ku munota ku bantu bakuru - witwa tachycardia, naho umuvuduko w'umutima ugenda buhoro cyane - munsi ya beats 60 ku munota - witwa bradycardia.[1] Hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa arrhythmias butagira ibimenyetso.[2] Ibimenyetso iyo bigaragaye bishobora kuba birimo gukubita cyane cyangwa kumva umutima uhagaze hagati y’aho umutima utera.[2] Mu bihe bikomeye cyane, hashobora kubaho kubabara umutwe, gucika intege, guhumeka nabi cyangwa kubabara mu gatuza.[2] Nubwo ubwoko bwinshi bwa arrhythmia butari bukomeye, bumwe butera umuntu kugira ingorane nko gucika intege mu bwonko cyangwa kunanirwa k'umutima.[1][3] Ibindi bishobora gutera urupfu rutunguranye.[3]
Hari amatsinda ane y'ingenzi ya arrhythmia: extra beats, supraventricular tachycardias, ventricular arrhythmias na bradyarrhythmias.[3] Imivuduko y'inyongera irimo kubyimba kw'imbere y'umutima, kubyimba kw'imitsi itaragera ndetse no kubyimba kw'amagufwa itaragera.[3] Tachycardia yo mu gice cya kabiri cy'umutima irimo fibrillation y'umutima, flutter y'umutima na tachycardia yo mu gice cya gatatu cy'umutima.[3] Indwara zo mu mitsi zirimo kugabanuka kw'imitsi mu mitsi no kugabanuka k'imitsi mu mitsi.[3][4] Kudakora neza kw'umutima (Arrhythmias) biterwa n'ibibazo by'imikorere y'amashanyarazi mu mutima.[1] Indwara zo kutagira umutima zishobora no kugaragara ku bana, ariko urwego rusanzwe rw'umuvuduko w'umutima ruratandukanye kandi ruterwa n'imyaka.[3] Ibizamini byinshi bishobora gufasha mu gusuzuma indwara harimo electrocardiogram (ECG) na Holter monitor.[5]
Indwara nyinshi zo kutagira icyo zivuga zishobora kuvurwa neza.[1] Uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora kuba burimo imiti, uburyo bwo kwa muganga nko gushyiramo pacemaker ndetse no kubagwa.[6] Imiti ivura umuvuduko w'umutima ushobora kuba urimo imiti igabanya ubukana bw'umutima (beta blockers) cyangwa imiti igerageza kugarura umuvuduko w'umutima usanzwe nka procainamide.[6] Iri tsinda rya nyuma rishobora kugira ingaruka mbi zikomeye, cyane cyane iyo rifashwe igihe kirekire.[6] Utwuma dukoresha imbaraga zifasha umutima gutera buhoro.[6] Abafite umutima utari mwiza bakunze kuvurwa n'imiti igabanya amaraso kugira ngo bagabanye ibyago byo guhura n'ibibazo.[6] Abafite ibimenyetso bikomeye by’indwara yo kuruhuka kw’umutima (arrhythmia) bashobora kuvurwa byihutirwa bakoresheje amashanyarazi agenzurwa mu buryo bwo kuvura indwara z’umutima cyangwa indwara yo kuruhuka kw’umutima (defibrillation).[6]
Indwara yo kutagira ubushake bwo kuruhuka (Arrhythmia) yibasira abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni.[7] Mu Burayi no muri Amerika ya Ruguru, guhera mu 2014, indwara ya atrial fibrillation yibasira abantu bagera kuri 2% kugeza kuri 3% by'abaturage.[8] Gucika intege kw'imitsi no kugabanuka kw'imitsi byatumye abantu 112.000 bapfa mu 2013, ugereranyije n'abantu 29.000 mu 1990.[9] Impfu z’umutima zitunguranye ni zo zitera hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy’impfu ziterwa n’indwara z’umutima n’iz’umutima ndetse n’impfu zigera kuri 15% ku isi yose.[10] Hafi 80% by'impfu zitunguranye z'umutima ziterwa no kugabanuka k'umutima mu mitsi.[10] Indwara yo kutagira ubushake bwo kuruhuka (Arrhythmias) ishobora kubaho mu myaka iyo ari yo yose ariko ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bantu bakuze.[7]
Iriburiro
[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]- 1 2 3 4 5 "What Is Arrhythmia?". National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. July 1, 2011. Archived from the original on 2 March 2015. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
- 1 2 3 "What Are the Signs and Symptoms of an Arrhythmia?". National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. July 1, 2011. Archived from the original on 19 February 2015. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Types of Arrhythmia". National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. July 1, 2011. Archived from the original on 7 June 2015. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
- ↑ Martin, C; Matthews, G; Huang, CL (2012). "Sudden cardiac death and Inherited channelopathy: the basic electrophysiology of the myocyte and myocardium in ion channel disease". Heart. 98 (7): 536–543. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300953. PMC 3308472. PMID 22422742.
- ↑ "How Are Arrhythmias Diagnosed?". National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. July 1, 2011. Archived from the original on 18 February 2015. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "How Are Arrhythmias Treated?". National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. July 1, 2011. Archived from the original on 17 February 2015. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
- 1 2 "Who Is at Risk for an Arrhythmia?". National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. July 1, 2011. Archived from the original on 3 March 2015. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
- ↑ Zoni-Berisso, M; Lercari, F; Carazza, T; Domenicucci, S (2014). "Epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: European perspective". Clinical Epidemiology. 6: 213–20. doi:10.2147/CLEP.S47385. PMC 4064952. PMID 24966695.
- ↑ GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death, Collaborators (17 December 2014). "Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013". Lancet. 385 (9963): 117–171. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2. PMC 4340604. PMID 25530442.
{{cite journal}}:|first=has generic name (help) - 1 2 Mehra, R (2007). "Global public health problem of sudden cardiac death". Journal of Electrocardiology. 40 (6 Suppl): S118–22. doi:10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2007.06.023. PMID 17993308.
