
å± äœã®æç©ºååŠãšçµæžçãšã³ããããŒ
ããã«ååçãªãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ãšäžåç£è³è²žã®éçèè³æ§é ã«ãããæçåå²ç¹ã®é察称æ§ãšãã®æ¢æ
çŸä»£ã®äžåç£è³è²žçµå¶ã¯ æ§é çãªãã©ããã¯ã¹ã«çŽé¢ããŠãã æ¥æ¬ã®è³è²žãã³ã·ã§ã³åžå Žã«ããã幎éå¹³å皌åçã¯ æ £ç¿çã«90%ã95%ãšããæ¥µããŠé«æ°Žæºãªæçåå²ç¹ãåæãšããŠèè³æ çµã¿ãèšèšãããŠãã ããã è¿å¹Žã®å€åœäººå± äœçã®å¢å ã°ããŒãã«åã«äŒŽã倿åã®è¡çª ãããŠããã«èµ·å ããã³ãã¥ããã£ã®ã¢ã©ã«å€å®¹ã¯ åŸåã®ãäœãªã¹ã¯ äœãªã¿ãŒã³ããšããéçå®å®ã厩å£ãã çŸå Žã®éå¶ãªã¹ã¯(çµæžçãšã³ããããŒ)ãå¢å€§ãããŠãã äžæ¹ã§ åæ§ã«ç©ºéã貞ãåºãããžãã¹ã§ããããã«ç£æ¥ã¯ 皌åç60%ã70%ãæçåå²ç¹ãšããŠèšèšãããŠãã ç°å¢å€åã«å¯ŸããŠåçãªã¬ãžãªãšã³ã¹(埩å å)ãä¿æããŠãã æ¬è«æã§ã¯ ãã®ãæçåå²ç¹ã®é察称æ§ãã çµæžåŠã®æ çµã¿ã«çãŸãã ç§åŠ å¿çåŠ å²åР宿 ãããŠç©çåŠ éåååŠã®å€è§çèŠåº§ããæ€èšŒãã ãã㊠ããããããŒ ä»²ä» ç®¡çã®äžç€Ÿãè€åçã«èè³æ çµã¿ãæé©åã è³è²žçµå¶ã®æçåå²ç¹ãããã«äžŠã¿ã®60%ã70%ãžãšç§»è¡ããããæ§é çå€é©ãã®å¿ èŠæ§ãš ãã®æ°çç å®åçæçŸ©ã蚌æããããšãç®çãšãã
ç©çåŠ éåååŠã®èŠç¹ããèŠããåç平衡ããšãéç硬çŽã
ç©çåŠã«ãããç±ååŠç¬¬äºæ³åã«ããã° å€ç«ç³»ã«ããããšã³ããããŒ(ä¹±éã)ã¯åžžã«å¢å€§ãã åŸæ¥ã®æ¥æ¬ã®è³è²žçµå¶ã¯ å ¥å± è ããåäžãªã¢ã©ã«ããä¿æãç¶ãããšãã ããã°ãšã³ããããŒã®å¢å€§ãç¡èŠãããéããå€ç«ç³»ãã®çæ³ç°å¢ãåæãšããŠãã ããã 倿§ãªæåèæ¯ãæã€å± äœè ã®æµå ¥ã¯ ã·ã¹ãã ã«å€åãäžã äžå¯éçãªä¹±éãããããã é«çšŒåç(95%)ãç¶æããªããã°ç Žç¶»ããèè³æ§é 㯠埮å°ãªäžç¢ºå®èŠçŽ (1宀ã®ç©ºå®€ãçªçºçãªãã©ãã«)ã«ãã£ãŠã·ã¹ãã å šäœãé£é厩å£ãããèšçç¶æ ãã«åžžã«çœ®ãããŠãã ãããéåååŠã®ã芳枬è 广ãããã³ãéãåããã®ç¶æ ãã«åœãŠã¯ããŠèå¯ãã ããã«ããžãã¹ã«ããã客宀㯠1æ³åäœã§ç¶æ ããªã»ããããããåç確çè«ãã®äžçã§ãã æ¯æ¥ããŒãããŒã¹ã®ç¢ºçååžã§ãã éèŠäºæž¬ã«åºã¥ãäŸ¡æ Œå€å(ãã€ãããã¯ãã©ã€ã·ã³ã°)ã«ãã£ãŠ åžžã«ç°å¢ãšã®åç平衡(Dynamic Equilibrium)ãä¿ã£ãŠãã 察ã㊠2幎çžãã®è³è²žåå¥çŽã¯ ç¶æ ããæ±ºå®è«ç(å€å žç©çåŠç)ãã«åºå®ããããšãã詊ã¿ã§ãã ããã å¥çŽã«ãã£ãŠç¶æ ããåºå®(ã·ã¥ã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã¬ãŒã®ç«ã®ç®±ãé瀺)ãããç¬éãã å ¥å± è ã®ã¢ã©ã«äœäžãçµæžçå°çª®ãšãã£ããæœåšçãªã¹ã¯ããé¡åšåã äºæž¬äžèœãªåºæå€ãžãšåæããŠãã èè³æ çµã¿ã95%ã®çšŒåãèŠæ±ããããšã¯ ãã®éåååŠçãªäžç¢ºå®æ§(ãã€ãŒã³ãã«ã¯ã®äžç¢ºå®æ§åç)ãç¡èŠã ãã¯ããªç©ºéãåžžã«å®ç§ã«å¶åŸ¡å¯èœã§ãããšãã å€å žååŠçãªå²æ ¢ãã«èµ·å ããŠãã
å¿çåŠãšå²åР宿ãç §å°ãããã¢ã©ã«å€å®¹ããšã空éã®ç§æåã
å¿çåŠã«ããããå²ãçªçè«(Broken Windows Theory)ã㯠埮å°ãªã¢ã©ã«ã®æ¬ åŠ(ãŽãã®æŸçœ®ãéšé³)ã ã³ãã¥ããã£å šäœã®ç§©åºåŽ©å£ãå éãããããšã瀺ããŠãã çŸåšã®èè³æ çµã¿ã匷ããé«çšŒåçã®åªçžã¯ 倧家ãããå ¥å± è ãéžã¶èªç±(å¿ççé²å£)ãã奪ã 1éšå±ã®ç©ºå®€ãæããããŸã å¿çç 屿§çã«ãªã¹ã¯ã®é«ãå ¥å± è ã宿ã«åãå ¥ããããåŸãªããªã çµæãšããŠç©ä»¶å šäœã®ã·ã°ããªã³ã°(瀟äŒçè©äŸ¡)ãäœäžãã ãããªãäœã¢ã©ã«å±€ãåŒã³å¯ããæªåŸªç°(ããžãã£ã ãã£ãŒããã㯠ã«ãŒã)ãçã å²åŠçãªèŠç¹ã«ç«ãŠã° ããã¯ã空éã®ååšè«(Ontology of Space)ãã®è¡çªã§ãã ãã€ãã¬ãŒã¯ 人éãäžçã«ååšããããšããäœãŸãããš(Wohnen)ããšå®çŸ©ãã ããã«ã«ãããæ»åšã¯ 空éã®ãäžæçãªæ¶è²»(客äœå)ãã§ãã å©çšè ã¯çžå¿ã®å¯ŸäŸ¡ãšåŒãæãã«èªå·±ã®æ¯ãèããããã«ã®èŠåŸã«å調ããã(å¿ççç·åŒµæã®ä¿æ) ããã è³è²žãã³ã·ã§ã³ã«ãããå± äœã¯ 空éã®ã絶察çãªç§æå(äž»äœå)ãã§ãã å ¥å± è ã¯ãã®ç©ºéããèªå·±ã®å»¶é·ããšæãããã ã²ãšãã³ã¢ã©ã«ã®äœãäž»äœã空éãå æãããš ããã¯å ±åäœ(ãã³ã·ã§ã³å šäœ)ã®èª¿åãè ãã 仿çãªãçžèµ·(ãã¹ãŠã®äºè±¡ã¯çžäºã«é¢é£ãåã£ãŠãããšããææ³)ãã®èгç¹ããèŠãã° äžäººã®äžèª¿åãªå± äœè 㯠建ç©å šäœã®ç°å¢å æ(ã³ãã¥ããã£ã®ç©ºæ°æãè³ç£äŸ¡å€)ãæªãŸãã ããã«ãããããã éèæ©é¢ãã occupancy(ãã éšå±ãåãŸã£ãŠãããšããäºå®)ããšããèšå·çæ°å€ã®ã¿ãè©äŸ¡ã 空éå éšã§é²è¡ãã粟ç¥ç é埳çãªæ©è(ã«ã«ãã®èç©)ãç¡èŠããŠããç¹ã« çŸä»£ã®èè³å¯©æ»ã®èŽåœçãªãºã¬ãååšãã
ããããããŒ ä»²ä» ç®¡çã®äžç€Ÿè€åã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã«ãããæ¢æ(ã¢ãŠãããŒãã³)ã
ãã®æ§é çæªã¿ã解決ããããã«ã¯ ãã«ã¯ã¹ãæç€ºããåŒèšŒæ³ç(ããŒã²ã«ã®åŒèšŒæ³ãåå°)ãªãæ¢æããå¿
èŠã§ãã ããªãã¡ ããããããŒã®ãéçºè«ç(ããŒãŒ)ã㚠仲ä»ã®ãæµéè«ç(ã¢ã³ãããŒãŒ)ã ãããŠç®¡çã®ãéçšçŸå®(ãžã³ããŒãŒ)ããçµ±åãã æ°ããªæ
å ±å¯Ÿç§°æ§ãã©ãããã©ãŒã ã®æ§ç¯ã§ãã çŸåšã®äžåç£æ¥ç㯠åã¢ã¯ã¿ãŒãèªãã®å©çã®æå€§å(æ
å ±ã®é察称æ§ã®æŸå)ã«æé©åãããŠãã ããããããŒ: 建ç¯å©çãæå€§åãããã 宿
ãç¡èŠããé«å®¶è³ æºå®€(100%)æ³å®ã®å©åããåœè£
ãã
仲ä»äŒç€Ÿ: æçŽææ°æ(AD)ã®ç²åŸãåªå
ã å
¥å±
è
ã®ãããŒãé·æå±
äœå¯èœæ§(屿§ãªã¹ã¯)ãäžåã®ãŸãŸå®¢ä»ããè¡ã
管çäŒç€Ÿ: 賌å
¥åŸã«åã㊠å€åœäººå¯Ÿå¿ãäœã¢ã©ã«ã«ããè¿é£ãã©ãã« åç¶å埩ã®ã³ã¹ãå¢ãšãããçŸå®ã®ãšã³ããããŒããæŒãä»ãããã
ãã®äžè
ã®ããŒã¿ãéåè«çã«çµåã è€åçãªã·ãã¥ã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ãå®è¡ãããœãããŠã§ã¢ã®å°å
¥ãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã ãã®ãœãã㯠管çäŒç€Ÿãä¿æãããå°åããšã®ãªã¢ã«ãªå€åœäººæ¯ç éå»ç ãã©ãã«çºç確ç(ãªã¹ã¯ä¿æ°)ã㚠仲ä»ã®ãå®å¹æçŽå®¶è³çžå Žãã ããããããŒã®ã建ç¯åºæ¬èšèšãã«ãã£ãŒãããã¯ãã ããã«ãã éè¡ãèè³ãè¡ãéã®åææ¡ä»¶ã åŸæ¥ã®ã皌åç95%ããã ããã«äžŠã¿ã®ã皌åç60%ã70%ã§ãå
å©éè¿æž(DSCR)ã1 2以äžãç¶æã§ããæ§é ããžãšåŒ·å¶çã«åèšç®ããã æçåå²ç¹ã60%ã70%ã«ãŸã§åŒãäžããããäžåç£çµå¶ã«ãããŠã¯ ç©ççãªã¬ãžãªãšã³ã¹ãæå€§åãã 倧家ã¯ã空宀ããæµãšèŠãªããªããªã å¿ççãªäœè£ãæã£ãŠå
¥å±
審æ»ã峿 Œåã§ãã ãã㯠æªè²šãè¯è²šãé§éãããééžæ(ã¢ãããŒã¹ ã»ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³)ãã®åžå Žã è¯è³ªãªã³ãã¥ããã£ãç¶æããããã·ã°ããªã³ã°åžå Žããžãšå転ãããå¿çåŠç çµæžåŠçã²ãŒã ãã§ã³ãžãæå³ãã
é«çšŒåå¹»æ³ããã®è±åŽãšèª²é¡
çŸä»£ã®äžåç£èè³ã®æ çµã¿ã¯ 宿 ã®æµåæ§(ã«ãªã¹)ãç¡èŠãããéçãªå¹»æ³ãã®äžã«æãç«ã£ãŠãã å€åœäººå± äœçã®å¢å ãã¢ã©ã«å€å®¹ãšããäžå¯éçãªãšã³ããããŒã®å¢å€§ã«å¯Ÿã 皌åç95%ãç¶æããªããã°ãã€ã§ããªãä»çµã¿ã¯ æç¶äžå¯èœã§ãã æ¬è«æãæå±ãããããããããŒ ä»²ä» ç®¡çã®äžç€Ÿè€åèšç®ãœãããã«ããæçåå²ç¹ã®60%ã70%ãžã®åŒãäžã㯠åãªãæè³ã·ãã¥ã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®å€æŽã§ã¯ãªã ãã㯠äžåç£ãå€å žååŠçãªãç®±ã®åã売ãããã éåååŠçãªãåç平衡ãä¿ã€ãªãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ ããžãã¹ããžãšé²åããããã©ãã€ã ã·ããã§ãã 空éã®çµæžçã¬ãã¬ããžã驿£åã ååšè«çãªãäœãŸãããšãã®è³ªãä¿èšŒããããšããã æ¬¡äžä»£ã®éœåžç©ºéã«ãããæç¶å¯èœãªã¬ããã³ã¹ãæ§ç¯ããå¯äžã®éã§ãã éèæ©é¢ããã³äžåç£æ¥ç㯠ãã®èè³æ çµã¿ã®æ§é çãºã¬ãéããã«èªã ãã¯ãçµæžã®å®å®ã®ããã«æ°ããªç®è¡ã¢ãã«ãžãšç§»è¡ããã°ãªããªã           Â