
ãð40åšå¹Žèšå¿µãã§ã¢ðãæ¶è²»è çè«ããèªã¿è§£ãã¹ã·ããŒã®äŸ¡æ ŒããŒã±ãã£ã³ã°æŠç¥ãšDXãžã®åãçµã¿ïŒæ¥çµæ°è解説ð 2023/09/30
æ¥æ¬çµæžæ°èã®èšäºã§
泚ç®ãããå
容ããããŸããã®ã§
èšäºã«ããããšæããŸãð
é·ãã§ãããç®æ¬¡ããæŽ»çšããã ããŸããŠ
ã©ããæåŸãŸã§ã芧ãã ããïŒ
ã¹ã·ããŒãïŒïŒïŒåç¿ã埩掻ãïŒïŒææ«ãŸã§ãäœäŸ¡æ Œã§é客çã
ãïŒïŒ¬ïŒ©ïŒŠïŒ¥ãïŒïŒ°ïŒ¡ïŒ®ïŒ©ïŒ¥ïŒ³ïŒïŒŠïŒïŒ¬ïŒ£ïŒã¯ïŒïŒæ¥ãå転ããåºãã¹ã·ããŒãã§ïŒç¿ïŒïŒïŒåã®ãããïŒïŒæïŒæ¥ããïŒïŒææ«ãŸã§ã®æééå®ã§è²©å£²ãããšçºè¡šããã
ã¹ã·ããŒã¯ïŒïŒïŒïŒå¹ŽïŒïŒæã®å€äžãã§ïŒïŒïŒåïŒçšå¥ïŒã®äŸ¡æ Œåž¯ããªãããå®¢æ°æžå°ãæãããç©äŸ¡é«ãç¶ããªããäœäŸ¡æ Œã®ååãæã¡åºãæ¥åºã«ã€ãªããã
ãïŒïŒæã«ããäºæ¥ãïŒïŒåšå¹Žãšãªãã®ãèšå¿µãããã§ã¢ã®äžç°ãïŒææ«ããå°å ¥ããäŸ¡æ Œãåºå®ããªããçœç¿ããšããŠæäŸããã
ïŒïŒæïŒïœïŒïŒæ¥ã¯ã倧åããã°ã¡é®ªïŒãŸãããïŒè²«ïŒããïŒïŒæïŒïŒæ¥ïœïŒïŒæïŒïŒæ¥ã¯ãæ¬é®ªäžãšãïŒïŒè²«ïŒããïŒïŒïŒåã§è²©å£²ãããïŒïŒææ«ãŸã§å¯Ÿè±¡ååãæ¿ããªããæäŸããŠããã
ããŸããã¹ã·ããŒã®åºèã«ããžã¿ã«ã¢ãã¿ãŒãèšçœ®ãå転ã¬ãŒã³ã衚瀺ããåãçµã¿ã詊éšçã«å§ãããæ±äº¬éœã倧éªåºãæç¥çã®èšïŒåºèã§åãå ¥ããã
æ¥åºå®¢ã®è¿·æè¡çºãåããå転ã¬ãŒã³ã«ååãåžžææµããµãŒãã¹ãïŒæããäžæ¢ããŠãããéžã¶æ¥œãããããžã¿ã«ã§åçŸããæ¥åºãä¿ãã
ãæ°ãµãŒãã¹ãããžããŒãã¯åããŒãã«åžã«èšçœ®ããŠãã倧åã®ã¢ãã¿ãŒã«ãããæµãããæµãããããã¿ããããŠæ³šæãããšåº§åžã«ååãå±ãä»çµã¿ã ã
泚æé¡ã«å¿ããŠã²ãŒã ãæ¥œãããã»ããã¹ã·ããŒã«é¢ããã¯ã€ãºãåºããªã©å®¶æå±€ã®åã蟌ã¿ãé²ããã
ãæ±ååºïŒå€§éªåºå¹ç°åžïŒã§ïŒïŒæ¥ããå è¡ããŠå§ããŠãããïŒïŒæ¥ããæ°å®¿è¥¿å£åºïŒæ±äº¬ã»æ°å®¿ïŒãïŒïŒæãã倩çœçŒå±±åºïŒåå€å±åžïŒã§å°å ¥ãããä»åŸå šåœå±éãããã©ããæ€èšããã
ãã¿ããããã«ã§æ³šæããååãçŽæ¥åº§åžã«å±ãããªãŒããŠã§ã€ã¿ãŒãã®å°å ¥åºèãå¢ããã
çŸç¶ã®ïŒïŒïŒåºèããïŒïŒå¹Žäžã«ïŒïŒïŒåºèãŸã§åºãããæ¢ååºããªãŒããŠã§ã€ã¿ãŒã®ã¿ã®å¯Ÿå¿ã«æ¹è£ ããŠååãå±ããŸã§ã®åŸ ã¡æéãæžããã
èšäºã«å¯Ÿããã³ã¡ã³ãð
ä»åã¯ãã¹ã·ããŒãã®è²©å£²æŠç¥ãããŒã±ãã£ã³ã°æŠç¥ã«çç®ããããšæããŸãð
ãã®ãããªäŸ¡æ ŒæŠç¥ã«å¯ŸããŠãã客æ§ã¯ã©ã®ãããªåå¿ã瀺ãã§ããããïŒïŒ
ãã¡ãããååäŸ¡æ Œãå®ããªãããšã«å¯ŸããŠã¯ãã客æ§ããæé ã§ãããšæããããããŸãããð
ããã§çµæžåŠçãªèŠç¹ãã²ããŠã¯ããã¯ãçµæžåŠïŒæ¶è²»è
è¡åãã®èŠç¹ããèå¯ããããšãã§ããããã«æããŸã
æ¶è²»è
ã¯äºç®å¶çŽã®ããšã§ãé£äºããåŸãããæºè¶³åºŠãæå€§åããããšããŸã
ãããŠãäŸ¡æ Œãååã®äŸ¡å€ãåæ ãããã·ã°ãã«ãšããŠæ¶è²»è¡åãå³ããŸã
ç°¡åãªèå¯ã«ãªããŸããã100åã®å転寿åžããšããååã®æ§è³ªãèããŸã
ããã130åãã100åãžãšå€äžãã宿œãããã±ãŒã¹ã§ã¯ãåççãªæ¶è²»è
ã¯ã©ã®ãããªè¡åãåããšæ³èµ·ãããã§ããããïŒ
â ååäŸ¡æ Œã®åŒãäžãã«ãããä»ã®é£æãšæ¯ã¹ãŠãå転寿åžããå®ããªã£ããšå€æãã寿åžã®æ¶è²»éãå¢ãã
â¡ååäŸ¡æ Œã®åŒãäžãã«ãããããæäžã®äºç®ã§æ¶è²»ã§ããå転寿åžã®éãå¢ããããšã§ã寿åžã®æ¶è²»éãå¢ããããšãã
ãã¯ãçµæžåŠã®æ¶è²»è
è¡åãèããã°ãäžèšã®ãããªè¡åãæããããããã«æããŸã
ç§ããã®ãããªèå¯ãããçç±ã¯ä»¥äžã®éãã§ã
ãŸãããã財ã«å¯ŸããéèŠéã«åœ±é¿ããäŸ¡æ Œå¹æã¯â 代æ¿å¹æãâ¡æåŸå¹æã«åºå¥ã§ããŸãð
äžèšã§è¿°ã¹ãâ ã®ãããªè¡åãã代æ¿å¹æ(Substitution Effect)ã«ãªããŸã
ããªãã¡ããã寿åžãã®äŸ¡æ Œãäžãã£ãããšã§ãããã®ä»ã®è²¡ãã®äŸ¡æ Œãçžå¯Ÿçã«å²é«ã«ãªã£ãããããã寿åžãã®æ¶è²»éã¯å¢ãããšããããšã§ã
ãŸããâ¡ã®ãããªè¡åããæåŸå¹æ(Income Effect)ã«ãªããŸã
ãã寿åžãã®äŸ¡æ Œãäžãã£ãããšã§ãããäžå®ã®éé¡ã«ãããäºç®å¶çŽããã³ãã£ã¢ãæ¡å€§ãããšããããšã§ã
ãã1000åãæããŠããŠãäžç¿200åã§ã¯ã5ç¿ãã賌買ã§ããŸãããã100åãžãšå€äžããããåçŽã«10ç¿æ¶è²»ã§ããããšã«ãªããšããã€ã¡ãŒãžã§ãð
ããã§ãã寿åžãã®äŸ¡æ Œãäžãã£ãããå®è³ªæåŸã®å¢å ã«äŒŽãæåŸå¹æã«ãããã®è²¡ã®æ¶è²»éãå¢ãããšä»®å®ããã®ã¯ã100åå転寿åžãã"æ£åžžè²¡"ã§ãããšããæ³å®ãããŠããããã§ã
ãã¡ããããã®ãããªèå¯ãå
šãŠæ£ãããšããè£åã¯ãããŸãããããã¯ãçµæžåŠã®åºç€çãªæ¶è²»è
çè«ã«åºã¥ãã°ããã®ãããªèå¯ãå¯èœã«ãªããŸã
ãã²ãïŒïŒåšå¹Žãšãªãã®ãèšå¿µããã¹ã·ããŒã®ãã§ã¢ããæ¥œãã¿ããã ããã°ãšæããŸãããç§ãé£ã¹ã«è¡ãããšæããŸãð
æ¬æ¥ã®è§£èª¬ã¯ããããŸã§ãšããŸãð
ãã¬ãžã³ã®ã玹ä»ð
ãã¡ãã«ïŒïŒåãšããŠã®ç§ã®å°±è·æŽ»åäœéšèšããŸãšãããã¬ãžã³ãã玹ä»ãããŠããã ããŸãð
æ§ã
ãªèгç¹ããå°±è·æŽ»åã«ã€ããŠèå¯ããŠããŸãã®ã§ããäžèªããã ããŸããšå¹žãã§ã
æ¹ããŠãå°±è·æŽ»åã¯
æ¬åœã«ããçžãã ãšæããŸããð
ã ããããããçžã倧åã«
ãããŠãéžãã éãæ£è§£ã«ã§ãããã
ãããããåªåããŠãããããªãšæããŸãð¥
ä»åŸãšãäœåãããããé¡ãç³ãäžããŸãð
ãã¡ãã®ãã¬ãžã³ã«ãŠ
ãšãã»ã³ã·ã£ã«çµæžåŠçè«éããªãã³ã«
ãåœéçµæžåŠðãã®åºç€çè«ããŸãšããŠããŸã
ä»åŸãããã«ã³ã³ãã³ããæ¡å
ã§ããããã«åªããŠåããŸã
æåŸãŸã§ãæèªããã ãèª ã«æé£ãããããŸãïŒ
ãããŸã§ãç§ã®èŠè§£ãæã£ãããšã
ãŸãšããããŠããã ããŠãŸãã
ãã®ç¹ã«é¢ããŸããŠããäºæ¿ãã ããð
ãã®æçš¿ãã¿ãŠãã ãã£ãæ¹ã
ã»ãã®å°ããªäºã§ãåŠã³ããã£ãïŒ
èãæ¹ã®åŒãåºããå¢ããïŒ
èªæžããåŠã¹ãããšãå€ãïŒ
ãªã©ãªã©ããã©ã¹ã®åç©«ããã£ãã®ã§ããã°
倧å€å¬ããæããŸãããæçš¿äœæã®å¥å©ã«å°œããŸãïŒïŒ
ãæ°è»œã«ã³ã¡ã³ããããããã¹ããð
ãããŠããå·®ãæ¯ããªããã°
ãã©ããŒïŒã·ã§ã¢ããé¡ããããã§ãð
ä»åŸãšãäœåãããããé¡ãããããŸãïŒ