猜

猜 U+731C, 猜 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-731C ← 猛 [U+731B] CJK Unified Ideographs 猝 → [U+731D]

Translingual

Han character

猜 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+8, 11 strokes, Cangjie input 大竹手一月 (KHQMB), four-corner 4522₇, composition ⿰犭青)

Derived characters

• 𫫜, 𢴘, 𦹤, 𧜹

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 714, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20499
• Dae Jaweon: page 1125, character 20
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1351, character 7
• Unihan data for U+731C

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 猜
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (生) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
猜	*sʰlɯː
輤	*sʰleːns
綪	*sʰleːns, *ʔsreːŋ
倩	*sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs
棈	*sʰleːns
蒨	*sʰeːns
篟	*sʰeːns
生	*sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs
牲	*sreŋ
笙	*sreŋ
甥	*sreŋ
鉎	*sreŋ, *sleːŋ
珄	*sreŋ
鼪	*sreŋ, *sreŋs
猩	*sreŋ, *seːŋ
狌	*sreŋ
眚	*sreŋʔ
貹	*sreŋs
崝	*zreːŋ
精	*ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs
菁	*ʔsleŋ
鶄	*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
蜻	*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
鼱	*ʔsleŋ
婧	*ʔsleŋ, *zleŋs, *zleŋʔ
睛	*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleŋʔ
箐	*ʔsleŋ
聙	*ʔsleŋ
旌	*ʔsleŋ
清	*sʰleŋ
圊	*sʰleŋ
請	*sʰleŋʔ, *zleŋs, *zleŋ
凊	*sʰleŋs
䝼	*zleŋs, *zleŋ
靚	*zleŋs
情	*zleŋ
晴	*zleŋ
夝	*zleŋ
靜	*zleŋʔ
靖	*zleŋʔ
睲	*seŋʔ, *seːŋs
惺	*seŋʔ, *seːŋ
性	*sleŋs
姓	*sleŋs
靗	*l̥ʰeŋs
鯖	*ʔljeŋ, *sʰleːŋ
青	*sʰleːŋ
靘	*sʰleːŋ, *sʰleːŋs
掅	*sʰleːŋs
胜	*sleːŋ
曐	*sleːŋ
星	*sleːŋ
鮏	*sleːŋ
腥	*seːŋ, *seːŋs
鯹	*seːŋ
醒	*seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs
篂	*seːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰlɯː): semantic 犭 + phonetic 青 (OC *sʰleːŋ).

Etymology 1

trad.		猜
simp. #		猜
2nd round simp.		𰡂

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): cāi (cai¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄞ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): cai¹

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): цэ (ce, II)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): caai¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): cai¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): cai¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhâi

  (Meixian, Guangdong): cai¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): cai¹
• Northern Min (KCR): cǎi
• Eastern Min (BUC): chăi
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhai

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cai¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹tshoe; ¹tshe
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): cai¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cāi
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄞ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cai
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻai¹
    • Yale: tsāi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsai
    • Palladius: цай (caj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: cai¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: cai
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰai⁵⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: цэ (ce, II)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛ⁵¹/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: caai¹
    • Yale: chāai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsaai¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cai¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːi̯⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: cai¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰai³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: cai¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰai⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhâi
    • Hakka Romanization System: cai^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cai¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰai̯²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: cai¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰaɪ⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: cai¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰai¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cǎi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sai²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chăi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰai⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhai
    • Tâi-lô: tshai
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhay
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰai⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰai³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰai⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰai⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰai⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: cai¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshai
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰai³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹tshoe; ¹tshe
    • MiniDict: tshoe^平; tshe^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tshoe; ¹tshe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰø⁵³/, /t͡sʰe⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: cai¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰai̯³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: tshoj

Rime
Character	猜
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	倉才切
Baxter	tshoj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰəi/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰəj/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰᴀi/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰɒi/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sʰɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cāi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	coi1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰlɯː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	猜
Reading #	1/1
No.	11305
Phonetic component	生
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	猜
Old Chinese	/*sʰlɯː/

Definitions

猜

1. to guess; to suppose; to conjecture

   猜錯／猜错  ―  cāi cuò  ―  to guess wrong

2. to suspect; to have a suspicion; to doubt
3. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) suspicion; jealousy
4. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to envy; to hate; to resent
5. to play (a hand game)

   不如我哋猜包剪揼，猜輸嗰個入去先。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   不如我哋猜包剪揼，猜输嗰个入去先。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   bat¹ jyu⁴ ngo⁵ dei⁶ caai¹ baau¹ zin² dap⁶, caai¹ syu¹ go² go³ jap⁶ heoi³ sin¹. [Jyutping]

   Why don't we play rock paper scissors? The one who loses will go in first.

   • 2003, 高拜石, 《新編·古春風樓瑣記》, volume 18, Xindian: 正中書局, →ISBN, page 93:

     果然有一天，庵外來了幾個蘿蔔頭，王潔穿著衣，迎了出來，嘰哩咕嚕說著日本話，日兵見到這精通日語的俏尼姑，軟了半截，她卻招待他們入庵坐下，開出滲好高粱的啤酒，殷勤奉敬，自己斟了一杯茶，和蘿蔔頭們猜日本拳。 [MSC, trad.]
     果然有一天，庵外来了几个萝卜头，王洁穿着衣，迎了出来，叽哩咕噜说着日本话，日兵见到这精通日语的俏尼姑，软了半截，她却招待他们入庵坐下，开出渗好高粱的啤酒，殷勤奉敬，自己斟了一杯茶，和萝卜头们猜日本拳。 [MSC, simp.]

     Guǒrán yǒu yī tiān, ān wài lái le jǐge luóbotóu, Wáng Jié chuānzhe yī, yíngle chūlái, jīligūlū shuōzhe Rìběnhuà, Rìbīng jiàndào zhè jīngtōng Rìyǔ de qiào nígū, ruǎnle bànjié, tā què zhāodài tāmen rù ān zuòxià, kāichū shènhǎo gāoliáng de píjiǔ, yīnqín fèngjìng, zìjǐ zhēnle yī bēi chá, hé luóbotóumen cāi Rìběn quán. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Synonyms

• (to guess):

edit

• 估摸 (gūmo) (colloquial)
• 估測 / 估测 (gūcè)
• 估計 / 估计 (gūjì)
• 估量
• 假定 (jiǎdìng)
• 假想 (jiǎxiǎng)
• 假設 / 假设 (jiǎshè)
• 商量 (shāngliàng) (Classical Chinese)
• 嫌 (xián) (literary, or in compounds)
• 忖度 (cǔnduó) (literary)
• 思裁 (sīcái) (literary)
• 想像 (xiǎngxiàng)
• 懸 / 悬 (xuán) (literary, or in compounds)
• 懸想 / 悬想 (xuánxiǎng)
• 懷疑 / 怀疑 (huáiyí)
• 打估 (Southern Pinghua)
• 推想 (tuīxiǎng)
• 推測 / 推测 (tuīcè)
• 掠算 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 揣度 (formal)
• 擬 / 拟 (nǐ)
• 母量 (mu³ liong) (Gan)
• 派胚 (Hokkien)
• 測 / 测 (cè) (literary, or in compounds)
• 測估 / 测估 (cègū)
• 測度 / 测度 (cèduó)
• 測算 / 测算 (cèsuàn)
• 猜度 (cāiduó)
• 猜想 (cāixiǎng)
• 猜摸 (cāimo)
• 猜料 (cāiliào)
• 猜測 / 猜测 (cāicè)
• 猜詳 / 猜详 (cāixiáng)
• 算 (suàn)
• 算計 / 算计 (suànjì)
• 約摸 / 约摸 (yuēmo)
• 臭疑 (Hokkien)
• 臭青疑 (Hokkien)
• 虛擬 / 虚拟 (xūnǐ)
• 要約 / 要约 (iau³ ieh⁴) (Jin)
• 設 / 设 (shè)
• 設想 / 设想 (shèxiǎng)
• 跋胚 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 辦胚 / 办胚 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 阿合 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
• 青疑 (Hokkien)
• 預計 / 预计 (yùjì)

Dialectal synonyms of 猜 (“to guess”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		猜, 猜測, 猜想
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	猜
	Taiwan	猜
	Malaysia	猜
	Singapore	猜
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	猜
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	猜, 揣, 估
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	猜, 諳
	Wuhan	猜
	Guilin	猜
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	猜
	Hefei	猜
Cantonese	Guangzhou	估, 猜
	Hong Kong	估
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	估
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	估
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	估
	Taishan	估
	Yangjiang	猜, 批
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	估
	Singapore (Guangfu)	估
Gan	Nanchang	猜
Hakka	Meixian	揣, 猜, 估
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	揣
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	揣
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	揣
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	揣
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	揣
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	臆
	Hong Kong	估
Jin	Taiyuan	猜
Northern Min	Jian'ou	估
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	準, 猜
Southern Min	Xiamen	臆, 猜
	Quanzhou	臆
	Jinjiang	臆
	Shishi	臆
	Zhangzhou	臆, 猜
	Pinghe	臆
	Zhao'an	臆
	Taipei	猜, 臆
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	臆
	Kaohsiung	臆
	Yilan	猜, 臆
	Changhua (Lukang)	猜, 臆
	Taichung	臆
	Taichung (Wuqi)	臆
	Tainan	臆
	Taitung	臆
	Hsinchu	臆
	Kinmen	臆
	Penghu (Magong)	臆
	Penang (Hokkien)	猜, 阿甲
	Singapore (Hokkien)	臆, 猜
	Manila (Hokkien)	臆
	Chaozhou	臆, 猜
	Shantou	臆, 猜
	Singapore (Teochew)	猜
	Haikou	猜
	Singapore (Hainanese)	猜
Wu	Suzhou	猜
	Wenzhou	猜
Xiang	Changsha	估, 猜
	Shuangfeng	估

• (to suspect):

edit

• 前瞻 (qiánzhān)
• 卜 (bǔ) (literary)
• 展望 (zhǎnwàng)
• 意想 (yìxiǎng)
• 意料 (yìliào)
• 捉摸 (zhuōmō)
• 揣想 (chuǎixiǎng) (formal)
• 揣測 / 揣测 (chuǎicè) (formal)
• 料定 (liàodìng)
• 料想 (liàoxiǎng)
• 料算 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 測 / 测 (cè) (literary, or in compounds)
• 端倪 (duānní) (literary)
• 諒心 / 谅心 (lian⁵ sin) (Xiang)
• 諒想 / 谅想 (liōng-siǒng) (Northern Min)
• 逆料 (nìliào)
• 預判 / 预判 (yùpàn)
• 預卜 / 预卜 (yùbǔ)
• 預報 / 预报 (yùbào)
• 預想 / 预想 (yùxiǎng)
• 預感 / 预感 (yùgǎn)
• 預料 / 预料 (yùliào)
• 預斷 / 预断 (yùduàn)
• 預測 / 预测 (yùcè)
• 預示 / 预示 (yùshì)
• 預見 / 预见 (yùjiàn)
• 預言 / 预言 (yùyán)

Compounds

• 三智五猜
• 兩小無猜 / 两小无猜 (liǎngxiǎowúcāi)
• 兩無猜疑 / 两无猜疑
• 左猜
• 慮猜 / 虑猜
• 混猜
• 無猜 / 无猜 (wúcāi)
• 猜三划五
• 猜不透
• 猜中 (cāizhòng)
• 猜啞謎 / 猜哑谜
• 猜嫌 (cāixián)
• 猜度 (cāiduó)
• 猜忍
• 猜忌 (cāijì)
• 猜忖
• 猜思
• 猜悶兒 / 猜闷儿
• 猜想 (cāixiǎng)
• 猜懼 / 猜惧
• 猜拳 (cāiquán)
• 猜摸 (cāimo)
• 猜斷 / 猜断
• 猜枚 (cāiméi)
• 猜測 / 猜测 (cāicè)
• 猜燈 / 猜灯
• 猜疑 (cāiyí)
• 猜破
• 猜著 / 猜着
• 猜詳 / 猜详 (cāixiáng)
• 猜調 / 猜调
• 猜謎 / 猜谜
• 猜謎兒 / 猜谜儿
• 猜貳 / 猜贰
• 猜透
• 猜題 / 猜题
• 疑猜
• 瞎猜 (xiācāi)
• 胡猜

Etymology 2

trad.		猜
simp. #		猜

Pronunciation

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ioh

---

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ioh
    • Tâi-lô: ioh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ioiq
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ioʔ³²/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɤʔ³²/

Definitions

猜

1. (Hokkien) alternative form of 臆 (ioh, “to guess”)
   • 1994, “淚酒”‎^[1]performed by 詹雅雯:

     你的情有若無　是眞是假乎阮猜 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
     你的情有若无　是真是假乎阮猜 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]

     lí ê chêng ū ná bô, sī chin sī ké hō͘ gún ioh [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     Your love exists like it's not there, making me guess whether it's real or not

   • 2020, “情人啊情人”‎^[2]performed by 朱德寶 [Vick Chu]:

     猜袂透你的心 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad. and simp.]

     ioh bōe thàu lí ê sim [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     I can't guess all of your heart through

Japanese

Kanji

猜

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: さい (sai)
• Kan-on: さい (sai)
• Kan’yō-on: せ (se)
• Kun: そねむ (sonemu, 猜む)、ねたむ (netamu, 猜む)、うたがう (utagau, 猜う)、おしはかる (oshihakaru, 猜る)

Compounds

• 猜疑(さいぎ) (saigi)
• 猜疑心(さいぎしん) (saigishin)

Korean

Etymology

From a corrupted or unorthodox reading.

Historical readings

• Recorded as Middle Korean 싀 (suy) (Yale: suy) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

The original reading is 채 (chae) based on Middle Chinese 猜 (MC tshoj).

Historical readings

• Recorded as Middle Korean ᄎᆡᆼ (Yale: choy) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ɕʰi]
• Phonetic hangul: [시]

Hanja

猜 (eumhun 시기할 시 (sigihal si))

1. hanja form^? of 시 (“jealousy”)

Compounds

• 시기 (猜忌, sigi)
• 시투 (猜妬, situ)
• 시혐 (猜嫌, sihyeom)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

Han character

猜: Hán Nôm readings: sai, xai

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.