ya

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ya"

Languages (91)

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Page categories

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

YA

Wikipedia

Etymology 1

Reduced form of you. Compare Dutch je, reduced/unstressed form of jij (“you”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /jə/
Audio (US): (file)
Rhymes: -ə

Pronoun

ya

Nonstandard spelling of you.
- 1984, Leonard Cohen, “Hallelujah”, in Various Positions:
  But you don't really care for music, do ya?
- 2011, Byron Douglas, chapter 3, in A Journey Through the Life of an Anti-Social‎^[64–65], →ISBN:
  Lola got a shocked look on her face then said, “Ya need to stop actin' jealous if ya aint, and ya can't control what I do. Ya aint my daddy and ya aint my man. I'll see ya tomorrah after work if ya want. Just give me a call, ya have my number”.

Usage notes

Never used with prosodic stress.

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Apparently from German ja and cognates in other Germanic languages; related to English yeah.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /jɑː/
Rhymes: -ɑː

Interjection

ya

(informal) Yeah; yes.

Etymology 3

From Middle English ya, from Old English ġēa, iā (“yea, yes”). More at yea.

Alternative forms

yaa, yaw, yah, yha

Pronunciation

(West Country, UK) IPA^(key): /ˈjɑː/, /ˈjɐ/
Rhymes: -ɑː, -ɐ

Adverb

ya (not comparable)

(UK dialectal, West Country, Northern England, Scotland) yea; yes
- 1806, Jamieson, Pop. Ballads:
  'Ya, wilt thou!' said Wallace, 'then tak thee that, […] '
- 1894, W. G. Stevenson, Puddin' iii.:
  Ya, auld man, ye ken fine ye wad like me.
- 1896, Ackworth, Clog Shop Chron.:
  Ya, bur 'ee did, […]

Etymology 4

Variation of hyah.

Interjection

ya

(informal) Go. (Spoken to horses and cattle.)

Etymology 5

Determiner

ya

Nonstandard spelling of your.

Derived terms

chewie on ya boot

Etymology 6

From Russian я (ja).

Noun

ya (plural yas)

A letter of the Cyrillic alphabet: Я, я.

Translations

a letter of the Cyrillic alphabet "Я/я"

Belarusian: я (be) n (ja)
Czech: ja (cs)
Russian: я (ru) n (ja)
Ukrainian: я (uk) n (ja)

Etymology 7

From Malay ya, from Dutch ja (and ultimately Proto-Germanic *ja). Reinforced by informal variants of yes in English (e.g., yeah). Doublet of yes.

Alternative forms

yeah, yea, yah

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /jɑ/, (in tag questions) [jɑː˨˦]

Interjection

ya

(informal, Singapore, Malaysia) Yes, yeah (used to express affirmation)

Particle

ya

(Singlish, Manglish) Used to form a confirmation-seeking tag question, expecting an affirmative response.
- 1983, Stella Kon, Emily of Emerald Hill, →ISBN, Act 1, page 21:
  What about yourself Mr Chee, never look a day older, you'll see the rest of us six feet under… Really you look very well. I heard you went for new treatment in Switzerland ya?…

Anagrams

-ay, AY, ay, ay^

Abui

Noun

ya

water

References

František Kratochvíl, A grammar of Abui: a Papuan language of Alor (2007)
František Kratochvíl; Benidiktus Delpada (2008), Abui–Indonesian–English Dictionary‎^[1], →ISBN

Akan

Noun

yá (Twi)

pain

Derived terms

yɛ ya (“to hurt, be in pain”)

Angkamuthi

Verb

ya

(Yadhaykenu) throw

References

Claire Bowern, Harold James Koch, Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method (2004), page 537

Anguthimri

Verb

ya

(transitive, Mpakwithi) to give
(transitive, Mpakwithi) to bring

References

Terry Crowley, The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri (1981), page 189

Anyin Morofo

Adjective

ya

bad

Asturian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʝa/ [ɟ͡ʝa]
Rhymes: -a
Syllabification: ya

Conjunction

ya

(Western) alternative form of y

Conjunction

ya ... ya ...

both (something) and (something else)
- 1881, Teodoro Cuesta, El dispertar de Xuanón‎^[2], archived from the original on 23 September 2026:
  Pos ansina mesmo, el mozu
  ya tiesu, ya encivielláu...
  And just like that, the boy
  both straight and saddened...
- c. 1880-1930, Fernán Coronas, La incla interior‎^[3], archived from the original on 18 February 2026:
  Nu mieu peitu, sonan guelpes:
  Diz que son las martelladas
  D’un martiellu persistente
  Que martiella ya esmartiella
  Ya de día, ya de nueite.
  Inside my chest I can hear hitting:
  It's the blows
  From a persistent hammer
  Which hammers and hammers
  Both by day and at night.

Adverb

ya

obsolete spelling of yá

Verb

ya

(Patsuezu, dialectal) third-person singular present indicative of ser; alternative form of ye

Azerbaijani

Other scripts
Cyrillic		ја
Arabic		یا

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic يَا (yā, “o, hey, you”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [jɑː]

Particle

ya

vocative particle
Synonym: ey

Ya Əli! (Shiite exclamation) ― O Ali!

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭯 (ʾywp)

Classical Persian یا (yā)bor.

Azerbaijani ya

Borrowed from Classical Persian یا (yā, “either, or”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /jɑ/

Conjunction

ya … ya …

either … or
Ya bu, ya da o. İkisinə də birdən pulumuz çatmaz.
[Choose] either this or that. We can't afford to buy them both at once.

Derived terms

Bangi

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-jìj.

Verb

ya

to come
to arrive

Baoule

Noun

ya

Friday (day of the week)

Adjective

ya

bad

Barngarla

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ja/

Noun

ya

mouth

References

Page 74 of Zuckermann, Ghil'ad, Emma Richards and the Barngarla (2021), Mangiri Yarda (Healthy Country: Barngarla Wellbeing and Nature), Adelaide: Revivalistics Press.

Bilbil

Noun

ya

fire

Boloki

Verb

ya

to come

Breton

Etymology 1

From Proto-Brythonic *ī semos (“that is so”). Compare Welsh ie.

Particle

ya

yes, word used to show agreement or acceptance.
Ya, gwir eo! ― Yes, that's correct!

Etymology 2

Verb

ya

third-person singular present indicative of mont

References

Henry, Victor (1900), “ia”, in Lexique étymologique des termes les plus usuels du breton moderne (Bibliothèque bretonne armoricaine; III) (in French), Rennes: J. Plihon et L. Hervé, page 172
Cornillet, Gérard (2017), “ya”, in Geriadur galleg brezhoneg, dictionnaire français breton‎^[5] (in French)

Cameroon Pidgin

Determiner

ya

alternative spelling of your (“2st person singular possessive determiner”)

Central Huasteca Nahuatl

Pronoun

ya

third person; he, she

Chamorro

Conjunction

ya

and

Usage notes

Used to indicate causation. To connect two similar words or phrases the alternate yan.

Chavacano

Etymology

Inherited from Spanish ya.

Pronunciation

Particle

ya

indicates the past tense

Adverb

ya

already; now; anymore (expresses the event when following a verb)

Chichewa

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ja/

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a (“to go”).

Verb

-ya (infinitive kuyá)

to go
to be deep

Etymology 2

From i- +‎ a or Proto-Bantu *gɪ́á- but used as a particle.

Particle

ya

Class 4 of the particle form -a

Chickasaw

Verb

ya (stative, irregular)

to be (something)

Usage notes

It cannot be used by itself and must always have a preceding noun that names what it or the person "is".
It can only be used with a Class II subject marker.
Ya is never used with N prefixes.
It can be used with verb suffixes such as -tok, -taam, -a'chi, etc.
For sentences where a Class II subject marker is not needed or cannot be used, then the verb root oo can be used instead.
For the future tense, a'chi can be used as a standalone word rather than a suffix completely replacing the use of a verb and having the meaning "will be". Similarly, a'ni, "might be" could possibly work in a similar fashion, replacing the presence of an explicit verb as well, although it is not normally used in sentences expressing being something.
The prefix hoo- is never used with any forms of the verb "to be" (ya, oo, a'chi).
To ask questions such as "Is it a/an....", see the entries for the noun suffixes -to̠ (used after consonants) and -hto̠ (used after vowels).

Synonyms

oo

Dogrib

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *yaˑ.

Noun

ya

sky

References

Dogrib Divisional Board of Education (1996), A Dogrib Dictionary, Rae-Edzo, Northwest Territories, Canada: Dogrib Divisional Board of Education, →ISBN, page 210

Dyula

Adverb

ya

here

Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl

Pronoun

ya

third person; he, she

Ewe

Noun

ya

wind

Fala

Etymology

Etymology tree

Latin iam

Old Galician-Portuguese ja

Fala ya

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese ja, from Latin iam (“already”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈja/
Rhymes: -a
Syllabification: ya

Adverb

ya

already

References

Valeš, Miroslav (2021), Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web), 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN, page 286

Fyer

Noun

ya (plural yaas)

hand

Gban

Verb

ya

to go

Gedaged

Noun

ya

fire

Gende

Pronoun

ya

he

References

Scott, Graham (1978), the Fore language of Papua New Guinea (Pacific Linguistics, Series B, 47.), Canberra: The Australian National University, →DOI, page 183

Guinea Kpelle

Noun

ya

water

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from Esperanto ja.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ja/

Adverb

ya

indeed

Igbo

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ja/

Pronoun

ya (independent form, dependent form o)

(personal, epicene) he, she, it
Ahụrụ m ya
I saw him.

Ilocano

Etymology

Borrowed from Kankanaey ya.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈjaʔ/ [ˈjɐʔ]

Particle

ya (Kur-itan spelling ᜌ)

(Baguio, Benguet) Expressing apprehension following or preceding a reasoning or excuse; eh.
Haanko ammo ya.
I don't know eh.

Indonesian

Alternative forms

ja (1901–1947)

Pronunciation

(Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈja/ [ˈja]
Rhymes: -a
Syllabification: ya

Etymology 1

Inherited from Malay ya, of uncertain origin.

Theories

There are several possibilities as to where this word usage originated:

Borrowed from Dutch ja (“yes”), from Middle Dutch ja, from Old Dutch *jā, from Proto-West Germanic *jā, from Proto-Germanic *ja. Cognate with German ja and English yea.
Clipping of saya or sahaya (“yes”, literally “I, me”); from Sanskrit सहाय (sahāya).
From Dialectical Arabic يَه (yah, “yes”) (while Standard Arabic نَعَم (naʕam)).
First attested in the Laguna Copperplate Inscription, 900 AD, as Old Malay 𑼫 (ya, “yes; so, therefore”). From Proto-Malayic *(h)iaʔ (“yes”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qio (“yes”).^[1] Cognate with Central Bikol, Javanese, and Makasar io, and probably Sundanese ieu (“this”). Compare also Kapampangan ya (3rd-person singular pronoun, interrogative particle), Ilocano and Kankanaey ya (apprehension particle).

- 822 Shaka/900 AD, Laguna Copperplate Inscription line 8:
  𑼮𑼡 𑼮𑼂𑼙𑼴𑼣𑼶 𑼱𑼁 𑼦𑼪𑽂𑼔𑼡𑽁 𑼪𑽂𑼞𑼁 𑼣𑼬𑼶 𑼩𑼒𑽂𑼡𑼶𑼥𑽂𑼣 𑼣𑼶𑼦𑼂𑼲𑼸𑼭𑼸𑼥𑽁 𑼱𑼁 𑼦𑼪𑽂𑼔𑼡𑽁. 𑼫 𑼪𑼒𑼴𑼛 𑼱𑼴𑼣𑼴𑼛 𑼄𑼥𑼒𑽁
  ... vata varjādi saṃ pamgat mdaṃ dari bhaktinda diparhulun saṃ pamgat. ya makāña sādāña anak ...
  ... representing the Chief of Mdang, due to his loyalty as a subject (slave?) of the Chief. (So?) Therefore all the descendants ...

However, the resemblance of “yes”-related interjections, alongside with many other natural exclamations like eh, ouch, um, hey, etc., is a quite common phenomenon across languages. For instance, both Vietnamese dạ and Russian да (da) mean “yes” but are a false cognate.

Interjection

ya

used to show agreement or acceptance; yes, yea, yup
Ya, aku setuju denganmu.
Yes, I agree with you.

Particle

ya

used to reinforce a question; huh, right, (UK) innit, eh
Synonyms: bukan, kan, kah, -kah

Kamu punya cewek baru, ya?
You have a new girlfriend, huh?
used to emphasize curiosity about a question.
Siapa, ya, guru baru kita yang bakal ngajar di kelas.
Who will be our new teacher who will teach at the class?.
used to indicate a request; okay
Besok kumpulkan tugasmu, ya.
Hand in your assignment tomorrow, okay?

Conjunction

ya

(colloquial) well, so
Ya, aku gak begitu tertarik soal ini.
Well, I'm not really into this.

Ya, sekarang kudu gimana?
So, what to do now?

Synonyms

Etymology 2

Inherited from Malay ya, from Classical Malay يا (ya), from Arabic يَا (yā).

Particle

ya

the vocative particle, used for direct address; o, oh
Synonyms: aduhai, duhai, hai, oh, wahai

Ya Tuhan!
O God!

Ya ampun!
O gosh!
(literally, “O mercy!”)

References

^ Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen (2010–), “*qio”, in The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary

Jamaican Creole

Etymology

Derived from English here. Compare Sranan Tongo ia, dya.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ja/

Adverb

ya

here
- 2012, Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment, Edinburgh: DJB, published 2012, →ISBN, Matyu 24:26:
  So ef sumadi go se, "Luk ya, im iina di dezot." No go out de. Ar ef dem se, "Luk ya! luk ya! Im a aid ya-so!" No lisn dem.
  So if they tell you, "Look, he's out in the desert," don't go looking there; or if they say, "Look, he's secretly here," don't believe it.
  (literally, “So if somebody says, "Look here, he's in the desert." don't go there. Or if they say "Look here! Look here! He's hiding right here! don't listen to them.”)

Japanese

Romanization

ya

The hiragana syllable や (ya) or the katakana syllable ヤ (ya) in Hepburn romanization.

Kankanaey

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ja/ [jʌ]
Rhymes: -a
Syllabification: ya

Conjunction

ya

and
Synonym: ken
- 2017, Diocese of Baguio, “Acclamacion [Acclamation]”, in Aweng Rambak: Hymnal of the Diocese of Baguio (overall work in English, Tagalog, Ilocano, and Kankanaey), Baguio: Diocese of Baguio, page 178:
  Nu kanenmi nan tinapay
  Ya inumen nan calis
  When we eat this bread
  And drink this chalice

Particle

ya

Expressing apprehension following or preceding a reasoning or excuse; eh.
Aw, nanlaklakoda ya.
Yes, they are selling eh.

Kapampangan

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Austronesian *(si-)ia

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(si-)ia

Kapampangan ya

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(si-)ia, from Proto-Austronesian *(si-)ia. Compare Tagalog siya, Central Bikol siya, Cebuano siya, Malay and Indonesian ia, Māori ia, and Waray-Waray hiya.

Pronoun

ya

he; she (third person singular animate personal pronoun)
Pilipinu ya.
S/he is a Filipino.
(colloquial) it (third person singular inanimate personal pronoun)
Pamangan ya.
It is food.

Usage notes

The word ya usually replaces iya when in the middle of a sentence.

Particle

ya

marks a sentence as interrogative
Makanini ya?
Is it like this?

Mananu ya?
What is it?
whether (or not)
X ya Y ya?
Is it an X or Y?

Munta ya aliya?
Is s/he going or not?
used with o to mark list and to connect choices being considered with uncertainty
Ini ya o ita ya, sanu kareni.
Is this or is that?, which one of these?

Lalaki ya o Babayi ya?
Is it a Boy or a Girl?
Indicates the subject of a sentence.
Pusa yang atiyu.
There is a cat.

Asu yang mamangan butul.
The dog is eating a bone.
Indicates possession, used in conjunction with kang, kari, king: of, -'s
Synonyms: na, nang, ning, kang, king

Kang Tatang ya.
Father's.

Kari Inda ya.
Mother's.
used after interjected nouns and pronouns to express contempt
Synonyms: aa, o, ii, aw, ay, aru, naku, nuko

Kabolangan ya!
You piece of sheet!

Suku naku ya!
Gah, I give up!

Kituba

Preposition

ya

of

Kongo

Preposition

ya

of

Koromu

Noun

ya

water

Kou

Noun

ya

water

Laboya

Verb

ya

to eat

References

Rina, A. Dj.; Kabba, John Lado B. (2011), “ya”, in Kamus Bahasa Lamboya, Kabupaten Sumba Bakat [Dictionary of Lamboya Language, West Sumba Regency], Waikabubak: Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata, Kabupaten Sumba Bakat, page 103

Ladino

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Spanish ya (“already; now”), from Latin iam. Compare French déjà, Italian già, Portuguese já, and Spanish ya.

Adverb

ya (Hebrew spelling ייה)^[1]

already
- 2020 November 25, Eliz Gatenyo, “Ko-Abitasyones”, in Şalom Gazetesi‎^[7], archived from the original on 23 March 2023:
  Mösyö Ehrlich era lehli (ashkenazi) komo ya se entiende de su nombre.
  Mösyö Ehrlich was Ashki (Ashkenazi), as is already understood from his name.

Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Spanish ya (“I hope so”).

Interjection

ya

certainly; surely; for sure (absolutely)^[1]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 “ya”, in Trezoro de la Lengua Djudeoespanyola [Treasury of the Judeo-Spanish Language] (in Ladino, Hebrew, and English), Instituto Maale Adumim

Lingala

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Kongo ya.

Preposition

ya

of

Usage notes

In colloquial Lingala, this does not vary depending on noun class.

Declension

Class	Singular	Class	Plural
1	wa	2	ba
3	mwa	4	mya
5	lya (za)	6	ma
7	ya	8	bya
9	ya	10	ya
11	la (lwa)
14	bwa

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Bangi ya.

Verb

-ya (infinitive koya)

to come

Malawi Lomwe

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a (“to go”). Cognate with Lomwe -yawo (“to go”).

Verb

-ya (infinitive oya)

to go

References

Kalinde, Patrick, Ellomwe - English Vocabulary: Emihavani and Ekokholani dialects, 2018
Ellomwe Dictionary‎^[8], SIL International, 2023

Malay

Pronunciation

(Etymology 1 & 2):
- IPA^(key): [ja]
- Rhymes: -a
(Etymology 3):
- (Southern Peninsular Malaysia Standard) IPA^(key): [jə]
  - Rhymes: -ə
- (Literary Standard) IPA^(key): [ja]
  - Rhymes: -a
Hyphenation: ya

Etymology 1

Inherited from Classical Malay يا, from Arabic يَا (yā, vocative particle).

Interjection

ya (Jawi spelling يا)

Used to get attention; o, oh.
Synonyms: duhai, oh, wahai, hai

Ya, Tuhan!
Oh, God!

Etymology 2

Inherited from Classical Malay يا,, from Arabic يَا (yā, letter name).

Noun

ya (Jawi spelling يا, plural ya-ya)

The 29th letter of the Arabic alphabet (ي).
huruf ya ― the letter ya

Etymology 3

Uncertain

Theories

There are several possibilities as to where this word usage originated:

Borrowed from Dutch ja (“yes”) and/or English yea, from Proto-West Germanic *jā, from Proto-Germanic *ja.
Clipping of saya or sahaya (“I, me; yes”); from Sanskrit सहाय (sahāya).
From Dialectical Arabic يَه (yah, “yes”) (while Standard Arabic نَعَم (naʕam)).
First attested in the Laguna Copperplate Inscription, 900 AD, as Old Malay 𑼫 (ya, “yes; so, therefore”). From Proto-Malayic *(h)iaʔ (“yes”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qio (“yes”).^[1] Cognate with Central Bikol, Javanese, and Makasar io, and probably Sundanese ieu (“this”). Compare also Kapampangan ya (3rd-person singular pronoun, interrogative particle), and Ilocano and Kankanaey ya (apprehension particle).

- 822 Shaka/900 AD, Laguna Copperplate Inscription line 8:
  𑼮𑼡 𑼮𑼂𑼙𑼴𑼣𑼶 𑼱𑼁 𑼦𑼪𑽂𑼔𑼡𑽁 𑼪𑽂𑼞𑼁 𑼣𑼬𑼶 𑼩𑼒𑽂𑼡𑼶𑼥𑽂𑼣 𑼣𑼶𑼦𑼂𑼲𑼸𑼭𑼸𑼥𑽁 𑼱𑼁 𑼦𑼪𑽂𑼔𑼡𑽁. 𑼫 𑼪𑼒𑼴𑼛 𑼱𑼴𑼣𑼴𑼛 𑼄𑼥𑼒𑽁
  ... vata warjādi saṃ pamgat mdaṃ dari bhaktinda diparhulun saṃ pamgat. ya makāña sādāña anak ...
  ... representing the Chief of Mdang, due to his loyalty as a subject (slave?) of the Chief. (So?) Therefore all the descendants ...

However, the resemblance of “yes”-related interjections, alongside with many other natural exclamations like eh, ouch, um, hey, etc., is a quite common phenomenon across languages. For instance, both Vietnamese dạ and Russian да (da) mean “yes” but are a false cognate.

Interjection

ya (Jawi spelling يا)

Used to express affirmation; yes.
Synonyms: ia, haah (informal)

Ya, ini Patrick.
Yes, this is Patrick.

Particle

ya

Used to inquire for confirmation; right.
Synonyms: bukan, kan, kah, -kah

Dia orang kaya, ya?
He's a rich person, right?

Alternative forms

ye

Descendants

Indonesian: ya

References

^ Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen (2010–), “*qio”, in The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary

Mandarin

Romanization

ya (ya⁵ / ya⁰, Zhuyin ˙ㄧㄚ)

Hanyu Pinyin reading of 呀
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 㗇

ya

nonstandard spelling of yā
nonstandard spelling of yá
nonstandard spelling of yǎ
nonstandard spelling of yà

Usage notes

Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Maonan

Numeral

ya

two

Marik

Noun

ya

fire

Mbya Guarani

Alternative forms

yaa

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ɨar.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɨˈa/
Rhymes: -a
Hyphenation: y‧a

Noun

ya

boat
canoe
Synonym: kanoã

Derived terms

References

Robert A. Dooley (August 2016), “ya”, in Léxico guarani, dialeto mbyá: guarani-português (overall work in Portuguese), Anápolis: SIL Brasil, page 204

Mednyj Aleut

Etymology

From Russian я (ja).

Pronoun

ya

I

Mindiri

Noun

ya

fire

Nauo

Noun

ya

mouth
yes

References

“Nauo Wordlist”, in Mobile Language Team, (Can we date this quote?)

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

-ya

to go to, towards [with locative]

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Northern Sotho

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

ya

to go

Nzadi

Pronoun

yǎ`

you (second-person singular pronoun)

Old Spanish

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin iam. Cognate with Old French ja and Old Galician-Portuguese ja.

Adverb

ya

already
- c. 1250, Alfonso X, Lapidario, f. 96v:
  DEla segunda faz del ſigno de leon es la piedra aque llaman robi. & deſta auemos ementado ya en eſte libro en el .iiij. grado del ſigno de leon.
  Of the second facet of the sign of Leo is the stone they call ruby, which we have already recalled in this book in the fourth degree of the sign of Leo.
then; later (afterwards)
now (presently)
- c. 1240 – 1250, anonymous, Libro de Alexandre p. 175 (ed. by Jesús Cañas, 1988, Madrid: Cátedra):
  Ya querián los de fuera al adarve llegar,
  mas bien ge lo sabién los de dentro vedar
  Those outside now wanted to go through the wall walk,
  but those inside were wise to forbid it to them
finally; lastly; last; in conclusion; to conclude; in closing
from now on; going forward
well
first
only (just)

Descendants

Ladino: ya, ייה
Spanish: ya

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic يَا (yā)

Interjection

ya

oh (hey)
I hope so; let us hope so

References

Ralph Steele Boggs et al. (1946), “ya”, in Tentative Dictionary of Medieval Spanish, volume II, Chapel Hill, page 535

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

𑀬 (Brahmi script)
य (Devanagari script)
য (Bengali script)
ය (Sinhalese script)
ယ (Burmese script)
ย or ยะ (Thai script)
ᨿ (Tai Tham script)
ຍ or ຍະ or ຢະ (Lao script)
យ (Khmer script)
𑄠 (Chakma script)

Etymology 1

From Sanskrit यद् (yad).

Pronoun

ya m

(relative) who, which, that

Declension

Declension table of "ya" (masculine)

Case / Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	yo	ye
Accusative (second)	yaṃ	ye
Instrumental (third)	yena	yehi or yebhi
Dative (fourth)	yassa	yesaṃ or yesānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	yasmā or yamhā	yehi or yebhi
Genitive (sixth)	yassa	yesaṃ or yesānaṃ
Locative (seventh)	yasmiṃ or yamhi	yesu

Pronoun

ya n

(relative) which, that
(relative) (duplicated) whatever
- c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎^[11] (overall work in Pali), page 250; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
  अथ सब्बासं विभत्तीनं यानि यानि पुब्बानि छ पदानि तानि तानि परस्सपदसञ्ञानि होन्ति।
  Atha sabbāsaṃ vibhattīnaṃ yāni yāni pubbāni cha padāni, tāni tāni parassapadasaññāni honti.
  Then whatever are the first six endings of all the endings, they are called the active endings.

Declension

Declension table of "ya" (neuter)

Case / Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	yaṃ or yad	yāni
Accusative (second)	yaṃ or yad	yāni
Instrumental (third)	yena	yehi or yebhi
Dative (fourth)	yassa	yesaṃ or yesānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	yasmā or yamhā	yehi or yebhi
Genitive (sixth)	yassa	yesaṃ or yesānaṃ
Locative (seventh)	yasmiṃ or yamhi	yesu

Derived terms

yā
yadidaṃ (“namely”)

Etymology 2

Probably from the pronunciation of a syllable consisting only of the letter.

Noun

ya m

the Pali letter 'y'
- c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎^[12] (overall work in Pali), page 4; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
  क, ख, ग, घ, ङ, च, छ, ज, झ, ञ, ट, ठ, ड, ढ, ण, त, थ, द, ध, न, प, फ, ब, भ, म, य, र, ल, व, स, ह, ळ, ं। इति व्यञ्जन नाम होन्ति।
  Ka, kha, ga, gha, ṅa, ca, cha, ja, jha, ña, ṭa, ṭha, ḍa, ḍha, ṇa, ta, tha, da, dha, na, pa, pha, ba, bha, ma, ya, ra, la, va, sa, ha, ḷa, aṃ, iti vyañjanā nāma honti.
  'k', 'kh', 'g', 'gh', 'ṅ', 'c', 'ch', 'j', 'jh', 'ñ, 'ṭ', 'ṭh', 'ḍ', 'ḍh', 'ṇ', 't', 'th', 'd', 'dh', 'n', 'p', 'ph', 'b', 'bh', 'm', 'y', 'r', 'l', 'v', 's', 'h', 'ḷ' and 'ṃ', these are the consonants by name.
- c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎^[13] (overall work in Pali), page 12; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
  यो जस्स यथा-नियंपुत्तं।
  Yo jassa yathā- niyaṃputtaṃ.
  'Y' from 'j' as in 'niyaṃputtaṃ'.
- c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎^[14] (overall work in Pali), page 10; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
  यं एदन्तस्सादेसो॥६॥
  6. Yaṃ edantassādeso.
  6. Change of final 'e' to 'y'.
- c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎^[15] (overall work in Pali), page 12; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
  को यस्स यथा-सको।
  Ko yassa yathā-sako.
  'K' from 'y' as in 'sako'.

Declension

Declension table of "ya" (masculine)

Case / Number	Singular
Nominative (first)	yo
Accusative (second)	yaṃ
Instrumental (third)	yena
Dative (fourth)	yassa or yāya or yatthaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	yasmā or yamhā or yā
Genitive (sixth)	yassa
Locative (seventh)	yasmiṃ or yamhi or ye
Vocative (calling)	ya

Synonyms

yakāra

References

Pali Text Society (1921–1925), “ya”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

Paraujano

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈja/
Rhymes: -a
Syllabification: ya

Adverb

ya

here, now

Usage notes

This adverb admits verbal suffixes, in which case it takes the meaning "to be here".

References

Álvarez, José; Bravo, María (2008), “ya”, in Diccionario básico de la lengua añú [Basic dictionary of the Añú language]‎^[16], Maracaibo, Venezuela: University of Zulia, →ISBN, page 107.

Pennsylvania German

Etymology

Compare German ja, Dutch ja, Swedish ja.

Interjection

ya

yes, yeah

Phuthi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

-ya

to go to, towards [with locative]

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Portuguese

Pronunciation

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈja/

Rhymes: -a

Adverb

ya

alternative form of iá

Sarawak Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *ia, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(si-)ia, from Proto-Austronesian *(si-)ia.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ja/

Determiner

ya

that (what is being indicated)

Pronoun

ya

that (that thing)

Derived terms

sia (“there”)

Scots

Numeral

ya

alternative form of ae

Sotho

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

ya

to go

South Slavey

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *yaˑ. Cognates include Navajo yá.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [jà(ʔ)], [ʒà(ʔ)]
Hyphenation: ya

Noun

ya (stem -ya-)

sky

Inflection

Possessive inflection of ya (*-yaá*)
		singular	plural
1st person		seyaá	naxeyaá
2nd person		neyaá	naxeyaá
3rd person	¹⁾	—	giyaá
3rd person	²⁾	meyaá	goyaá
4th person		yeyaá	goyaá
reflexive	sp.	ɂedeyaá	kedeyaá
reflexive	unsp.	deyaá
reciprocal		—	ɂełeyaá
indefinite		ɂeyaá
areal		goyaá

¹⁾ Used when the subject is a group of human beings
and the object is singular.
²⁾ Used when the previous condition does not apply.

References

Keren Rice (1989), A Grammar of Slave, Berlin, West Germany: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 92

Southern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

-ya

to go to, towards [with locative]

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Spanish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Latin iam

Old Spanish ya

Spanish ya

Inherited from Old Spanish ya (“already; now”), from Latin iam. Compare Ladino ya, Asturian yá, Galician xa, Portuguese já, Catalan ja, French déjà, and Italian già.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈʝa/ [ˈɟ͡ʝa] (everywhere but Pampas and southern Argentina and Uruguay)
IPA^(key): /ˈʃa/ [ˈʃa] (Buenos Aires and environs)
IPA^(key): /ˈʒa/ [ˈʒa] (elsewhere in Pampas and southern Argentina, Uruguay)

Audio (Colombia): (file)
Rhymes: -a
Syllabification: ya

Adverb

ya

(in the present or imperative) now, (in the negative) anymore, no longer
Near-synonyms: ahora, (colloquial, Latin America) ahorita

Presiona el botón ya. ― Press the button now.

Preparados, listos, ya. ― Ready, set, go.

Ya estoy en casa. ― I'm home (now).

Ya (lo) veo. ― I see (now).

Ya (lo) entiendo. ― I understand (now).

Ya no (lo) sé. ― I don't know anymore.

Person A and B: ¡Oh no! ¡Nos hemos perdido! ¿¡Qué haremos ahora!? Person B: ¡Ya lo sé! Viviremos en el bosque y comeremos hongos venenosos.
Person A and B: Oh no! We got lost! Whatever will we do!? Person B: Oh I know (now)! We will live in the forest and eat poisonous mushrooms.

Ya no quiero volver a ese lugar.
I don't want to go back to that place anymore.

Cuando le hablo ya ni me mira.
He doesn't even look at me now/anymore when I talk to him.
1. by now, at this point
(in the past) indicates completion of an action (difference from sense 4 depends on context)
OK, ya acabé de hacer lo que me pediste. ¿Queda algo más por hacer?
OK, I just finished doing what you asked me. Is there anything else left to do?

Ya llegué a la estación.
I've arrived at the station. (I've completed the action of getting there)

Ya he llegado al aeropuerto. ¿Estás aquí?
I'm at the airport (now). You here? (you finished the action of getting to the airport just now)

Ya (lo) entendí. ― I understand now. Literally, “Now I understood.”
yet (in questions)
¿Estamos allí ya? ― Are we there yet?
already
Ya estoy en casa; llegué hace 5 horas.
I'm already home; I got here 5 hours ago.

"¿Te queda dinero?" "No, ya me lo gasté."
"Do you have any money left?" "No, I already spent it."

¿¡Ya acabaste!? ¡Qué rápido eres!
You're already done!? You're so fast!

Ya (lo) sé. ― I (already) know.

¿Ya te vas? ― You're leaving already?

Admitir que estás haciendo algo mal ya es un gran paso.
Admitting that you're doing something wrong is already a big step.
at some point in the future, later, eventually, soon, then, afterwards
Near-synonym: ahorita

"¿Hiciste la presentación de inglés?" "¿La presentación de inglés? Ya la haré (más tarde/después)."
"Did you make the English presentation yet?" "The English presentation? I'll get to it eventually/later." (Depending on the intonation, this may actually mean that the speaker does not consider the presentation urgent or even that they do not plan to make it.)

Ya nos vemos. ― See you soon/then/at some point.

Ya (lo) verás. ― You'll see (soon enough/at some point).

"¿Qué pasó después?" "Me voy al baño y ya te cuento."
"What happened next?" "I'm going to the bathroom, I'll tell you when I return."
immediately
Synonyms: ya mismo, ahora mismo, ahorita

¡Ya voy! ― I'm going now! (I will do what you told me to do as soon as I can/immediately.)

Ya te mando los apuntes, dame un segundo.
I'll send you the notes now, give me a second.
(in negatives, dated or regional) only
no ya... ― not only...

Derived terms

Conjunction

ya ... ya ...

first (something) then (something else); first (something), now (something else)
¡Ya lluvia ya nieve!
First rain, now snow!
whether (something) or (something else)
ya sol ya lluvia
whether sun or rain

Synonyms

quier (archaic)

Interjection

ya

come on!, let's go!
Synonyms: vamos, vámonos, adelante, ándale, (Mexico) órale, (Chile) ya po
(colloquial) used to tell the listener that one knows what they are saying is true; I know, that's true, (you're) right
—Sabes que quedamos con Antonio esta tarde. —Ya.
"You know we're hanging out with Antonio tonight." "I know."

—No podrás venir, que trabajas ese día. —Ya, pero cerramos temprano los viernes.
"You can't come, you're working that day." "Right, but we close early on Fridays."
enough! no more! stop!
Synonyms: basta, para, suficiente
OK

Derived terms

ya, ya

Swahili

Pronunciation

(Unguja standard) IPA^(key): /jɑ/
Audio (Kenya): (file)

Particle

ya

n class_(IX) inflected form of -a
mi class_(IV) inflected form of -a
ma class_(VI) inflected form of -a

Tabaa Zapotec

Noun

ya

reed

Tagalog

Pronunciation

(Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ja/ [jɐ]
Rhymes: -a
Syllabification: ya

Etymology 1

Influenced by Baybayin character ᜌ (ya).

Noun

ya (Baybayin spelling ᜌ)

the name of the Latin script letter Y/y, in the Abakada alphabet
Synonyms: (in the Filipino alphabet) way, (in the Abecedario) ye

Etymology 2

Interjection

ya (Baybayin spelling ᜌ)

expression used to drive cattle: yah
Synonym: hiya

Etymology 3

Etymology tree

Hokkien 哥仔 (*ko-iá)

Tagalog kuyaclip.

Tagalog ya

Clipping of kuya, from Hokkien 哥仔 (*ko-iá).

Noun

ya (Baybayin spelling ᜌ) (colloquial)

term of address for any young male perceived to be older than the speaker: bro; man
Synonyms: erp, pre

Alternative forms

yah — text messaging

Anagrams

ay, -ay

Ternate

Etymology

Possibly from Indonesian ya (“yes”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈja]

Interjection

ya

yes

References

Rika Hayami-Allen (2001), A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Tlahuica

Noun

ya

stomach

Tswana

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

ya

to go
Ke ya lapeng.
I'm going home.

Tumbuka

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

-ya (infinitive kuya)

to go
to travel

Derived terms

-jamo (“to suit”)
mayiro (“yesterday”)
muyirayira (“everlasting”)

References

William Y. Turner (1996), Tumbuka/Tonga-English and English - Tumbuka/Tonga Dictionary‎^[17], Central Africana Limited, page 160

Turkish

Alternative forms

yaa (colloquial)

Etymology 1

Onomatopoeic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ja/ (sense 1,4,5 and 6)
IPA^(key): /jaː/ (sense 2 and 3)

Interjection

ya

Expression of surprise or confusion.
Gerçekten mi ya?
Wow, really?
aw (Used to express affection.)
Ya, çok tatlı! Şunun yatışına bak.
Aw, she’s so cute! Look at how's she sleeping.
Expresses frustration.
Ya yeter be, yeter!
Enough!
An expression used to indicate ratification of a statement that requires an approval or necessity.
Biz de gelelim mi? - Gelin ya.
Shall we come too? - Please do.
Used after inflected verbs in order to intensify the meaning.
Önündekini bitirsene! - Bitirdim ya...
Finish your plate already! - I already finished it...
Provides the actual meaning of the sentence by stressing the latter sentence.
Seni orada gördüm ya, seslenmeye yüreğim yetmedi.
I saw you there but I didn't have enough courage to call you out.

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Arabic يَا (yā)

Ottoman Turkish یا (ya)

Turkish ya

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish یا (ya), from Arabic يَا (yā, “o, hey, you”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ja/

Particle

ya

vocative particle
Synonym: ey

Related terms

Etymology 3

Etymology tree

Persian یا (yâ)

Ottoman Turkish یا (ya)

Turkish ya

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish یا (ya), from Persian یا (yâ, “either, or”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ja/

Conjunction

ya

what if (used to introduce speculation about future)
İlahi, hocam, hiç göle maya çalmakla göl maya tutar mı? -Ya tutarsa?
Teacher, can a little bit of yeast ferment the lake? - What if it does?
what about (used to ask someone to consider something or someone that they have apparently not considered)
Poşetleri taşıması kolay. Ya bu bavullar? Onlar ne olacak?
It's easy to carry the bags. What about the luggage? What will happen to them?
(preceding the last term in a list) above all, especially
Saçları, sesi, gülüşü çok güzel. Ya gözleri.
Her hair, her voice, her smile are all so beautiful. And especially her eyes.

Related terms

Conjunction

ya … ya …

either … or
Synonyms: ya … ya da …, ya … yahut …

Ya bu, ya şu. İkisine birden paramız yetmez.
Either this or that. We can't afford to buy them both.

Derived terms

References

“ya”, in Türkçe Sözlük‎^[18], 9th edition, volume I, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1998, page 2357a
Redhouse, James W. (1890), “یا”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[19], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2177

Usan

Noun

ya

water
rain

Venda

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

ya

to go

Ventureño

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Chumash *yaʼ. Compare Barbareño yaʼ and Purisimeño yaʼḁ.

Pronunciation

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Noun

ya

arrow

References

Timothy Henry-Rodriguez (2026), “ya”, in A mitsqanaqan̓ (Ventureño Chumash) Dictionary‎^[20], California State University Channel Islands

Volapük

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish ya (“already”).

Adverb

ya

already
- 1940, “Pötü yelacen”, in Volapükagased pro Nedänapükans, page 1:
  In Siyop ya dü yels mödik krigastad bevü Yapän e Tsyinän dareigon, ed in Yurop krig jenon bevü Deutän e Polän, Linglän e Fransän, e bevü Rusän e Suomiyän.
  In Asia, a state of war has already been going on for years between Japan and China, and in Europe war is being waged between Germany and Poland, England and France, and between Russia and Finland.

Warao

Noun

ya

sun

Synonyms

hokohi

Western Huasteca Nahuatl

Pronoun

ya

third person; he, she

White Hmong

Etymology

Cognate with Western Xiangxi Miao [Fenghuang] eint.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʝa˧/

Verb

ya

to fly

Wolaytta

Verb

ya

come

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

-ya

(intransitive) to go to, towards [with locative]

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Yami

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Austronesian *(si-)ia

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(si-)ia

Yami ya

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(si-)ia, from Proto-Austronesian *(si-)ia. Compare Indonesian ia, Māori ia.

Pronoun

ya

he; she

Yola

Etymology

From Middle English yaf. Doublet of gae (“gave”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /jaː/

Verb

ya

simple past of yie
- 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 14, page 90:
  Shoo ya aam zim to doone, as w' be doone nowe;
  She gave them some to do, as we are doing now;

References

Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 90

Yoruba

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /já/

Verb

yá

to borrow
Wọ́n yá owó lọ́wọ́ mi. ― They borrowed money from me.
to lend
Wọ́n yá mi lówó. ― They lent me money.

Derived terms

ayálégbé (“tenant”)
ayánilówó (“money lender”)
ayáwó (“money borrower”)
ọ̀rọ̀-àfetíyá (“ear loan”)
ọ̀rọ̀-àfojúyá (“eye loan”)
ọ̀rọ̀-àyálò (“loanword”)
yáwó (“to borrow money”)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /já/

Verb

yá

to be fast
Synonym: yára

Aago yẹn fi wákàtí kan yá. ― That clock is ahead by an hour.
to be ready
Ó ti yá! ― It's time!

Nígbà tó yá, ó jáde. ― Later, she went out.
to be fit
1. (with ara (“body”)) to be healthy
  Synonyms: le, yá gágá
  
  Ara mi ò yá. ― I'm not feeling well. (literally, “My body is not healthy.”)

Derived terms

bó pẹ́ bó yá (“sooner or later”)
yára (“to be fast”)
ó yá (“hurry up; come on”)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /jā/

Verb

ya

to tear; to be torn; to rip
Tó o bá jíwèé wò, màá ya pépà ẹ. ― If you cheat, I'll rip your paper.

Má fa aṣọ rẹ ya. ― Don't tear your clothes.

Ó fa ọkàn mi ya. ― It tore my heart

Ìjì máa ya á lulẹ̀. ― The storm will tear it down.

Usage notes

Used with fà (“to stretch; to pull”) in the V2 position

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /jā/

Verb

ya

to flow; to overflow
Odò ti ya wọ oko. ― The river has flooded into the fields.

Odò yẹn ya wọ odò Ọya. ― That river flows into the Niger.

Ẹrẹ̀ ti ya wọ̀lú. ― A mudslide has flowed into the town.

Derived terms

àkúnya

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /jà/

Verb

yà

to turn
Lọ tààrà, kó o sì yà sósì. ― Go straight, then turn left.

Etymology 6

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /jà/

Verb

yà

to depict; to draw; to take (picture)
Yà mí ní fọ́tò níbí báyìí. ― Take my picture here.

Ó ń ya àwòrán. ― He's drawing a picture.

Usage notes

ya when followed by direct object.

Derived terms

ayafọ́tò (“photographer”)
ayàwòrán (“artist”)
fọ́tò yíyà (“photography”)
yàwòrán (“to draw a picture”)
ìyàwòrán (“drawing”)

Etymology 7

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /jà/

Verb

yà

to comb

Usage notes

ya when followed by direct object.

Derived terms

yarun (“to comb hair”)
ìyarun (“comb”)
òòyà (“comb”)

Etymology 8

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /jà/

Verb

yà

to split; to divide
Ibí ni ọ̀nà ti yà. ― The road branches off from here.
(with ẹnu (“mouth”)) to surprise; to shock
Ó yà wá lẹ́nu gan-an. ― It surprised us a lot.

Ẹnu ya mí. ― I was shocked

Usage notes

ya when followed by direct object.

Derived terms

ẹ̀yà (“part”)
yanu (“to open the mouth”)
yà sọ́tọ̀ (“to separate; to reserve”)
ìpínyà (“division; separation”)
ìyanu (“wonder; miracle”)

Etymology 9

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /jà/

Verb

yà

to become; to be
ya wèrè ― to go crazy

ya pòkíì ― to become a delinquent

ya ọ̀lẹ ― to be lazy

yabo ― to go well (in reference to a year)

ya ahun ― to become stingy

Usage notes

ya when followed by direct object.
usually has a negative connotation

Derived terms

yàtọ̀ (“to be different”)

Etymology 10

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /jà/

Verb

yà

to visit
Synonym: bẹ̀

Mo ya ilé ọ̀rẹ́ ìyá mi lánàá ― I visited my mother's friend's house yesterday.

Usage notes

ya when followed by direct object.

Derived terms

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

-ya

(intransitive) to go to, towards [with locative]

Inflection

tone L (infinitive *ukuya*)
imperative
	positive	negative
infinitive	ukuya	ukungayi

	simple	+ object concord
singular	yiya	-ye
plural	yiyani	-yeni

present
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyaya, ngiya	engiyayo, engiya	ngiya	angiyi	engingayi	ngingayi
2nd singular	uyaya, uya	oyayo, oya	uya	awuyi	ongayi	ungayi
1st plural	siyaya, siya	esiyayo, esiya	siya	asiyi	esingayi	singayi
2nd plural	niyaya, niya	eniyayo, eniya	niya	aniyi	eningayi	ningayi
class 1	uyaya, uya	oyayo, oya	eya	akayi	ongayi	engayi
class 2	bayaya, baya	abayayo, abaya	beya	abayi	abangayi	bengayi
class 3	uyaya, uya	oyayo, oya	uya	awuyi	ongayi	ungayi
class 4	iyaya, iya	eyayo, eya	iya	ayiyi	engayi	ingayi
class 5	liyaya, liya	eliyayo, eliya	liya	aliyi	elingayi	lingayi
class 6	ayaya, aya	ayayo, aya	eya	awayi	angayi	engayi
class 7	siyaya, siya	esiyayo, esiya	siya	asiyi	esingayi	singayi
class 8	ziyaya, ziya	eziyayo, eziya	ziya	aziyi	ezingayi	zingayi
class 9	iyaya, iya	eyayo, eya	iya	ayiyi	engayi	ingayi
class 10	ziyaya, ziya	eziyayo, eziya	ziya	aziyi	ezingayi	zingayi
class 11	luyaya, luya	oluyayo, oluya	luya	aluyi	olungayi	lungayi
class 14	buyaya, buya	obuyayo, obuya	buya	abuyi	obungayi	bungayi
class 15	kuyaya, kuya	okuyayo, okuya	kuya	akuyi	okungayi	kungayi
class 17	kuyaya, kuya	okuyayo, okuya	kuya	akuyi	okungayi	kungayi

recent past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyile, ngiyē	engiyile, engiyē	ngiyile, ngiyē	angiyanga	engingayanga	ngingayanga
2nd singular	uyile, uyē	oyile, oyē	uyile, uyē	awuyanga	ongayanga	ungayanga
1st plural	siyile, siyē	esiyile, esiyē	siyile, siyē	asiyanga	esingayanga	singayanga
2nd plural	niyile, niyē	eniyile, eniyē	niyile, niyē	aniyanga	eningayanga	ningayanga
class 1	uyile, uyē	oyile, oyē	eyile, eyē	akayanga	ongayanga	engayanga
class 2	bayile, bayē	abayile, abayē	beyile, beyē	abayanga	abangayanga	bengayanga
class 3	uyile, uyē	oyile, oyē	uyile, uyē	awuyanga	ongayanga	ungayanga
class 4	iyile, iyē	eyile, eyē	iyile, iyē	ayiyanga	engayanga	ingayanga
class 5	liyile, liyē	eliyile, eliyē	liyile, liyē	aliyanga	elingayanga	lingayanga
class 6	ayile, ayē	ayile, ayē	eyile, eyē	awayanga	angayanga	engayanga
class 7	siyile, siyē	esiyile, esiyē	siyile, siyē	asiyanga	esingayanga	singayanga
class 8	ziyile, ziyē	eziyile, eziyē	ziyile, ziyē	aziyanga	ezingayanga	zingayanga
class 9	iyile, iyē	eyile, eyē	iyile, iyē	ayiyanga	engayanga	ingayanga
class 10	ziyile, ziyē	eziyile, eziyē	ziyile, ziyē	aziyanga	ezingayanga	zingayanga
class 11	luyile, luyē	oluyile, oluyē	luyile, luyē	aluyanga	olungayanga	lungayanga
class 14	buyile, buyē	obuyile, obuyē	buyile, buyē	abuyanga	obungayanga	bungayanga
class 15	kuyile, kuyē	okuyile, okuyē	kuyile, kuyē	akuyanga	okungayanga	kungayanga
class 17	kuyile, kuyē	okuyile, okuyē	kuyile, kuyē	akuyanga	okungayanga	kungayanga

remote past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngāya	engāya	ngāya	angiyanga	engingayanga	ngingayanga
2nd singular	wāya	owāya	wāya	awuyanga	ongayanga	ungayanga
1st plural	sāya	esāya	sāya	asiyanga	esingayanga	singayanga
2nd plural	nāya	enāya	nāya	aniyanga	eningayanga	ningayanga
class 1	wāya	owāya	āya	akayanga	ongayanga	engayanga
class 2	bāya	abāya	bāya	abayanga	abangayanga	bengayanga
class 3	wāya	owāya	wāya	awuyanga	ongayanga	ungayanga
class 4	yāya	eyāya	yāya	ayiyanga	engayanga	ingayanga
class 5	lāya	elāya	lāya	aliyanga	elingayanga	lingayanga
class 6	āya	āya	āya	awayanga	angayanga	engayanga
class 7	sāya	esāya	sāya	asiyanga	esingayanga	singayanga
class 8	zāya	ezāya	zāya	aziyanga	ezingayanga	zingayanga
class 9	yāya	eyāya	yāya	ayiyanga	engayanga	ingayanga
class 10	zāya	ezāya	zāya	aziyanga	ezingayanga	zingayanga
class 11	lwāya	olwāya	lwāya	aluyanga	olungayanga	lungayanga
class 14	bāya	obāya	bāya	abuyanga	obungayanga	bungayanga
class 15	kwāya	okwāya	kwāya	akuyanga	okungayanga	kungayanga
class 17	kwāya	okwāya	kwāya	akuyanga	okungayanga	kungayanga

potential
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngingaya	—	ngingaya	ngingeye	—	ngingeye
2nd singular	ungaya	—	ungaya	ungeye	—	ungeye
1st plural	singaya	—	singaya	singeye	—	singeye
2nd plural	ningaya	—	ningaya	ningeye	—	ningeye
class 1	angaya	—	engaya	angeye	—	engeye
class 2	bangaya	—	bengaya	bangeye	—	bengeye
class 3	ungaya	—	ungaya	ungeye	—	ungeye
class 4	ingaya	—	ingaya	ingeye	—	ingeye
class 5	lingaya	—	lingaya	lingeye	—	lingeye
class 6	angaya	—	engaya	angeye	—	engeye
class 7	singaya	—	singaya	singeye	—	singeye
class 8	zingaya	—	zingaya	zingeye	—	zingeye
class 9	ingaya	—	ingaya	ingeye	—	ingeye
class 10	zingaya	—	zingaya	zingeye	—	zingeye
class 11	lungaya	—	lungaya	lungeye	—	lungeye
class 14	bungaya	—	bungaya	bungeye	—	bungeye
class 15	kungaya	—	kungaya	kungeye	—	kungeye
class 17	kungaya	—	kungaya	kungeye	—	kungeye

immediate future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngizokuya	engizokuya	ngizokuya	angizukuya	engingezukuya	ngingezukuya
2nd singular	uzokuya	ozokuya	uzokuya	awuzukuya	ongezukuya	ungezukuya
1st plural	sizokuya	esizokuya	sizokuya	asizukuya	esingezukuya	singezukuya
2nd plural	nizokuya	enizokuya	nizokuya	anizukuya	eningezukuya	ningezukuya
class 1	uzokuya	ozokuya	ezokuya	akazukuya	ongezukuya	engezukuya
class 2	bazokuya	abazokuya	bezokuya	abazukuya	abangezukuya	bengezukuya
class 3	uzokuya	ozokuya	uzokuya	awuzukuya	ongezukuya	ungezukuya
class 4	izokuya	ezokuya	izokuya	ayizukuya	engezukuya	ingezukuya
class 5	lizokuya	elizokuya	lizokuya	alizukuya	elingezukuya	lingezukuya
class 6	azokuya	azokuya	ezokuya	awazukuya	angezukuya	engezukuya
class 7	sizokuya	esizokuya	sizokuya	asizukuya	esingezukuya	singezukuya
class 8	zizokuya	ezizokuya	zizokuya	azizukuya	ezingezukuya	zingezukuya
class 9	izokuya	ezokuya	izokuya	ayizukuya	engezukuya	ingezukuya
class 10	zizokuya	ezizokuya	zizokuya	azizukuya	ezingezukuya	zingezukuya
class 11	luzokuya	oluzokuya	luzokuya	aluzukuya	olungezukuya	lungezukuya
class 14	buzokuya	obuzokuya	buzokuya	abuzukuya	obungezukuya	bungezukuya
class 15	kuzokuya	okuzokuya	kuzokuya	akuzukuya	okungezukuya	kungezukuya
class 17	kuzokuya	okuzokuya	kuzokuya	akuzukuya	okungezukuya	kungezukuya

remote future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokuya	engiyokuya	ngiyokuya	angiyukuya	engingeyukuya	ngingeyukuya
2nd singular	uyokuya	oyokuya	uyokuya	awuyukuya	ongeyukuya	ungeyukuya
1st plural	siyokuya	esiyokuya	siyokuya	asiyukuya	esingeyukuya	singeyukuya
2nd plural	niyokuya	eniyokuya	niyokuya	aniyukuya	eningeyukuya	ningeyukuya
class 1	uyokuya	oyokuya	eyokuya	akayukuya	ongeyukuya	engeyukuya
class 2	bayokuya	abayokuya	beyokuya	abayukuya	abangeyukuya	bengeyukuya
class 3	uyokuya	oyokuya	uyokuya	awuyukuya	ongeyukuya	ungeyukuya
class 4	iyokuya	eyokuya	iyokuya	ayiyukuya	engeyukuya	ingeyukuya
class 5	liyokuya	eliyokuya	liyokuya	aliyukuya	elingeyukuya	lingeyukuya
class 6	ayokuya	ayokuya	eyokuya	awayukuya	angeyukuya	engeyukuya
class 7	siyokuya	esiyokuya	siyokuya	asiyukuya	esingeyukuya	singeyukuya
class 8	ziyokuya	eziyokuya	ziyokuya	aziyukuya	ezingeyukuya	zingeyukuya
class 9	iyokuya	eyokuya	iyokuya	ayiyukuya	engeyukuya	ingeyukuya
class 10	ziyokuya	eziyokuya	ziyokuya	aziyukuya	ezingeyukuya	zingeyukuya
class 11	luyokuya	oluyokuya	luyokuya	aluyukuya	olungeyukuya	lungeyukuya
class 14	buyokuya	obuyokuya	buyokuya	abuyukuya	obungeyukuya	bungeyukuya
class 15	kuyokuya	okuyokuya	kuyokuya	akuyukuya	okungeyukuya	kungeyukuya
class 17	kuyokuya	okuyokuya	kuyokuya	akuyukuya	okungeyukuya	kungeyukuya

present subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngiye	ngingayi
2nd singular	uye	ungayi
1st plural	siye	singayi
2nd plural	niye	ningayi
class 1	aye	angayi
class 2	baye	bangayi
class 3	uye	ungayi
class 4	iye	ingayi
class 5	liye	lingayi
class 6	aye	angayi
class 7	siye	singayi
class 8	ziye	zingayi
class 9	iye	ingayi
class 10	ziye	zingayi
class 11	luye	lungayi
class 14	buye	bungayi
class 15	kuye	kungayi
class 17	kuye	kungayi

past subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngaya	ngangaya, angaya, angangaya
2nd singular	waya	wangaya, awaya, awangaya
1st plural	saya	sangaya, asaya, asangaya
2nd plural	naya	nangaya, anaya, anangaya
class 1	waya	wangaya, akaya, akangaya
class 2	baya	bangaya, abaya, abangaya
class 3	waya	wangaya, awaya, awangaya
class 4	yaya	yangaya, ayaya, ayangaya
class 5	laya	langaya, alaya, alangaya
class 6	aya	angaya, awaya, awangaya
class 7	saya	sangaya, asaya, asangaya
class 8	zaya	zangaya, azaya, azangaya
class 9	yaya	yangaya, ayaya, ayangaya
class 10	zaya	zangaya, azaya, azangaya
class 11	lwaya	lwangaya, alwaya, alwangaya
class 14	baya	bangaya, abaya, abangaya
class 15	kwaya	kwangaya, akwaya, akwangaya
class 17	kwaya	kwangaya, akwaya, akwangaya

References

C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “ya”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “ya (inf. ukuya, 3.2.9)”

Zuni

Noun

ya

moon

[1] Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen (2010–), “*qio”, in The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary

[Folkmasa-2] 1.0 ^1.1 “ya”, in Trezoro de la Lengua Djudeoespanyola [Treasury of the Judeo-Spanish Language] (in Ladino, Hebrew, and English), Instituto Maale Adumim

[3] Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen (2010–), “*qio”, in The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary

[1]

[1]

[1]

		absolute		ergative	oblique
		disjunctive	enclitic	ergative	oblique
first person	singular	aku/i aku/yaku	ku		kanaku
	plural inclusive	ikatamu	katamu/tamu	tamu/ta	kekatamu
	plural exclusive	ikami, ike	kami/ke	mi	kekami/keke
second person	singular	ika	ka	mu	keka
second person	plural	ikayu/iko	kayu/ko	yu	kekayu/keko
third person	singular	iya/ya	ya	na	keya/kaya
third person	plural	ila	la	da/ra	karela

Igbo personal pronouns
		dependent	independent	object/possessive
Singular	first	m, a/e- ... -m	m, mụ
	second	ị, i	ngị, gị	gị
	third	ọ, o	ya
Plural	first	anyị
	second	ụnụ
	third	ha, a/e- ... -ha	ha
Indefinite		a/e	-	-

English

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Pronoun

Usage notes

Derived terms

See also

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Interjection

Etymology 3

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Adverb

Etymology 4

Interjection

Etymology 5

Determiner

Derived terms

Etymology 6

Noun

Translations

Etymology 7

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Interjection

Particle

See also

Anagrams

Abui

Noun

References

Akan

Noun

Derived terms

Angkamuthi

Verb

References

Anguthimri

Verb

References

Anyin Morofo

Adjective

Asturian

Pronunciation

Conjunction

Conjunction

Adverb

Verb

Azerbaijani

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Particle

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Conjunction

Derived terms

Further reading

Bangi

Etymology

Verb

Baoule

Noun

Adjective

Barngarla

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Bilbil

Noun

Further reading

Boloki

Verb

Breton

Etymology 1

Particle

Etymology 2

Verb

References

Cameroon Pidgin