sempit

Indonesian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Malay sempit.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /səmˈpit/ [səmˈpɪt̪̚]
• Rhymes: -it
• Syllabification: sem‧pit

Adjective

sempit (superlative tersempit)

1. narrow

   Antonym: lebar

2. tight

   Synonym: ketat

3. (figurative) limited (of access, right, etc.)

   Synonym: terbatas

   • 2018 November 14, “Ini Perbedaan Kewenangan Tukang Gigi dan Dokter Gigi”, in Republika Online‎^[1]:

     Sekretaris Jenderal Pengurus Besar Persatuan Dokter Gigi Indonesia (PDGI), drg Diono Susilo, menjelaskan perbedaan kewenangan tukang gigi yang lebih sempit dibandingkan dengan dokter gigi.

     Secretary General of the Executive Board of the Indonesian Dentists Association (PDGI), Diono Susilo, explained that the differences in the more limited competences of tooth experts compared to dentists.

Conjugation

Conjugation of sempit (meng-, transitive)

root	sempit
	active	passive		basic imperative	emphatic jussive
		reflective1	ordinary
	ordinary
nominative	menyempit	–	–	–	–
accusative / dative / locative	menyempiti	tersempiti	disempiti	sempiti	sempitilah
perfective causative / applicative2	menyempitkan	tersempitkan	disempitkan	sempitkan	sempitkanlah
	causative
nominative	mempersempit	–	dipersempit	persempit	persempitlah
accusative / dative / locative	mempersempiti	–	dipersempiti	persempiti	persempitilah
perfective causative / applicative2	mempersempitkan	–	dipersempitkan	persempitkan	persempitkanlah

¹ There is another form of reflective passive verb with affixation of ke- -an which is not included in the table. This form is only attested in active voice without causative affixation of per-.
² The -kan row is either causative or applicative. With transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning.
Some of these forms do not normally exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

Derived terms

• bersempit-sempit
• bersempit-sempitan
• kesempitan
• mempersempit
• menyempit
• menyempitkan
• pemersempit
• penyempit
• penyempitan
• persempitan
• sempit-sempitan
• sempitan
• tersempit

• sempit akal
• sempit alam
• sempit dada
• sempit hati
• sempit kalang
• sempit kening

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Lawangan [Term?] (Benuaq dialect).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /səmˈpit/ [səmˈpɪt̪̚]
• Rhymes: -it
• Syllabification: sem‧pit

Verb

sempit

1. to jump from branch to branch

Adjective

sempit (superlative tersempit)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Further reading

• “sempit”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Malay

Pronunciation

• (schwa-variety, /a/-variety, Literary Standard) IPA^(key): /səmˈpit/ [səmˈpit̪̚]
• Rhymes: -pit, -it
• Hyphenation: sem‧pit

Adjective

sempit (Jawi spelling سمڤيت, comparative lebih sempit, superlative paling sempit)

1. narrow; cramped

   Antonym: lebar

   jalan sempit ― narrow road

2. tight

   Synonym: ketat

3. (figurative) limited (of access, right, etc.)

   Synonym: terbatas

Derived terms

Affixations

• dipersempit
• disempit
• kesempitan (“narrowness; tightness”)
• menyempit
• penyempit
• sempitan
• tersempit

Descendants

• > Indonesian: sempit (inherited)

Further reading

• "sempit" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
  (also see "sempit" at PRPM first version)