komma
Afrikaans
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Dutch komma, from French comma, from Latin comma, from Ancient Greek ÎșÏΌΌα (kĂłmma).
Noun
[edit]komma (plural kommas, diminutive kommatjie)
Danish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Ancient Greek ÎșÏΌΌα (kĂłmma).
Noun
[edit]komma n (singular definite kommaet, plural indefinite kommaer)
- a comma (punctuation mark)
Declension
[edit]| neuter gender |
singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | komma | kommaet | kommaer | kommaerne |
| genitive | kommas | kommaets | kommaers | kommaernes |
References
[edit]- âkommaâ in Den Danske Ordbog
Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from French comma, from Latin comma, from Ancient Greek ÎșÏΌΌα (kĂłmma).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]komma f (plural komma's, diminutive kommaatje n)
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Afrikaans: komma
- â Indonesian: koma
- â Papiamentu: kĂČma
- â Sranan Tongo: koma
- â West Frisian: komma
Faroese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin comma (âa commaâ), from Ancient Greek ÎșÏΌΌ៰ (kĂłmmÄ).
Noun
[edit]komma n (genitive singular komma, plural kommu)
- (punctuation marks) a comma (,)
Declension
[edit]| n1 | singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | komma | kommað | kommu, kommur | kommuni |
| accusative | komma | kommað | kommu, kommur | kommuni |
| dative | komma | kommanum | kommum | kommunum |
| genitive | komma | kommans | kommna | kommnanna |
Derived terms
[edit]Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Latin comma, from Ancient Greek ÎșÏΌΌα (kĂłmma).
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ËkomËÉ/, [ËkoÌmËÉÌ]
- Rhymes: -omËÉ
- Syllabification(key): komâ§ma
- Hyphenation(key): komâ§ma
Noun
[edit]komma
Declension
[edit]| Inflection of komma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | komma | kommat | |
| genitive | komman | kommien | |
| partitive | kommaa | kommia | |
| illative | kommaan | kommiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | komma | kommat | |
| accusative | nom. | komma | kommat |
| gen. | komman | ||
| genitive | komman | kommien kommain rare | |
| partitive | kommaa | kommia | |
| inessive | kommassa | kommissa | |
| elative | kommasta | kommista | |
| illative | kommaan | kommiin | |
| adessive | kommalla | kommilla | |
| ablative | kommalta | kommilta | |
| allative | kommalle | kommille | |
| essive | kommana | kommina | |
| translative | kommaksi | kommiksi | |
| abessive | kommatta | kommitta | |
| instructive | — | kommin | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
Anagrams
[edit]German
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Contraction
[edit]komma
- (informal, nonstandard spelling) contraction of komm + mal
Icelandic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Latin comma (âcommaâ).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]komma f (genitive singular kommu, nominative plural kommur)
- (punctuation marks) a comma (,)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | komma | komman | kommur | kommurnar |
| accusative | kommu | kommuna | kommur | kommurnar |
| dative | kommu | kommunni | kommum | kommunum |
| genitive | kommu | kommunnar | komma | kommanna |
Derived terms
[edit]Norwegian BokmÄl
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Borrowed from Ancient Greek ÎșÏΌΌα (kĂłmma, âpiece cut off; clause, section of textâ), formed from ÎșÏÏÏÏ (kĂłptĆ, âto strike, cut offâ) with the deverbal noun-forming suffix -Όα (-ma). The original sense was âa piece cut offâ, subsequently âa clause or short section of textâ; the punctuation sense developed from the mark used to separate such textual sections.
Compare Norwegian Nynorsk komma, Danish komma, Swedish komma, Icelandic komma, Faroese komma, Dutch komma, German Komma and English comma.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]komma n (definite singular kommaet, indefinite plural komma or kommaer, definite plural kommaene)
- (orthography) a comma (`,`), a punctuation mark used between sentences, clauses or other parts of a sentence
- Vi setter komma mellom leddene i en oppramsing. â We put commas between the items in a list.
- (Can we date this quote?), Conrad N. Schwach, Erindringer af mit Liv indtil Ankomsten til Throndhjem, page 21:
- opramseren berĂžrte ved hver sats mellem commatarne [i reglen] en haand
- with each clause between the commas, the reciter generally touched one hand
- (Can we date this quote?), Henrik Ibsen, Samlede verker, volume XV, page 293:
- kommaerne, der dog skulde staa som diktionens gjĂŠrdestave, forstaar [kunstnerinnen] isĂŠr med en mĂŠrkvĂŠrdig lethed at sĂŠtte over
- the commas, which ought to stand like the boundary posts of diction, the artist manages to leap over with remarkable ease
- 1916, Clara Tschudi, Goethes Moder, page 4:
- komma synes hun ikke at kjende; derimod ynder hun tankestreger, som hun sĂŠtter paa alle mulige steder, hvor de ikke hĂžrer hjemme
- she seems not to know the comma; on the other hand, she favours dashes, which she places everywhere they do not belong
- 1976, Aksel Sandemose, âDen norske revolusjonâ, in Bakom stĂ„r hin Onde og hoster sĂ„ smĂ„tt, page 60:
- nordmannen har fÄtt blikket flyttet bort fra kommaer, stavefeil, skrivemÄter og all slags flisespikkeri. Han gÄr direkte til innholdet
- the Norwegian's attention has been shifted away from commas, spelling mistakes, spellings and every sort of nitpicking. He goes directly to the content
- 2004, Per Petterson, MÄnen over Porten, page LBK:
- en to timers lang og lystig diskusjon om plasseringa av et komma
- a two-hour-long and cheerful discussion about the placement of a comma
- 2010, Hans Olav Lahlum, Menneskefluene, page LBK:
- hele Konrad Jensens bokmanus var skrevet uten et komma
- Konrad Jensen's entire book manuscript was written without a comma
- (grammar) a clause, passage or part of a sentence ending with a comma
- (Can we date this quote?), Henrik Wergeland, Samlede Skrifter, volume IV,3, page 230:
- det intolerante komma i § 92
- the intolerant clause in section 92
- (mathematics) a decimal separator; the comma separating the integer and fractional parts of a decimal number
- 3,8 leses «tre komma Ă„tte». â 3.8 is read as âthree point eightâ.
- a comma used as a separator in numerical notation, including large numbers, clock times and monetary amounts
- 2000, Trude Marstein, Plutselig hÞre noen Äpne en dÞr, page 91:
- barnet mitt har feber, fĂžrti komma seks viser termometeret, temperaturen har sunket null komma tre
- my child has a fever; the thermometer shows forty point six, and the temperature has fallen by zero point three
- 2001, Kjell Ola Dahl, Mannen i vinduet, page LBK:
- nittini komma ni prosent [sikkert]
- ninety-nine point nine percent certain
- 2004, Knut NĂŠrum, En himmel full av stjerner, page LBK:
- en komma tre millioner seere
- one point three million viewers
- (music) a comma-shaped breath mark placed above the staff to indicate a short pause between two musical phrases
- Synonym: cesur
- (music) a comma, a minute interval arising from a difference between musical tuning systems
- det pytagoreiske komma â the Pythagorean comma
- (figuratively) a very small or insignificant amount; nothing
- 2001, Jan Christopher NĂŠss, Jotapata, page LBK:
- ingenting jeg kunne gjÞre ⊠ville endre et komma
- nothing I could do ⊠would change a thing
- (ikke) sÄ mye som et komma: practically nothing; not so much as the smallest amount
- 1988, Lars Saabye Christensen, Herman, page LBK:
- ballen treffer gulvet, uten at Herman har rÞrt seg sÄ mye som et komma
- the ball hits the floor without Herman having moved in the slightest
- 2003, PÄl Gerhard Olsen, Pinse, page LBK:
- hun som aldri har skrevet sÄ mye som et komma fÞr
- she, who has never written so much as a comma before
- null komma null: (colloquial) nothing; no time at all
- null komma niks: (colloquial) nothing
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- kommatere (âto insert commasâ)
Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Alternative forms
[edit]- kommene (alternative definite plural)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]komma n pl
References
[edit]- âkommaâ in The BokmĂ„l Dictionary.
- âkommaâ in Norwegian Academy Dictionary (NAOB).
- âkommaâ, in Store norske leksikon[1], (Can we date this quote?)
- âkomma (mikrointervall)â, in Store norske leksikon[2], (Can we date this quote?)
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Ancient Greek ÎșÏΌΌα (kĂłmma).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]komma n (definite singular kommaet, indefinite plural komma, definite plural kommaa)
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]komma (present tense kjem, past tense kom, past participle komme, passive infinitive kommast, present participle kommande, imperative kom)
- alternative form of koma
References
[edit]- âkommaâ in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Swedish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Swedish koma, from Old Norse koma, from Proto-Germanic *kwemanÄ , from Proto-Indo-European *gÊ·em-. Sense 3 is probably a semantic loan from English come.
Verb
[edit]komma (present kommer, preterite kom, supine kommit, imperative kom)
- to come (to move nearer)
- LĂ„t den rĂ€tte komma in â Let the right one come in
- 1973, Ted GĂ€rdestad, âCome Give Me Loveâ, in Ted[3]:
- Kom ge mig vÀrlden. Kom ge mig fred. Kom sÀnk ditt huvud. Och lÀgg dig ned. Kom ge mig kroppen. Kom ge mig allt som du har. Och jag ska stanna kvar.
- Come give me the world. Come give me peace. Come lower your head. And lie down [lay yourself down]. Come give me the body. Come give me everything that you have. And I will stay.
- to come (to arrive, to appear)
- Tiden Ă€r kommen. â The time has come.
- 2000, 1973 Ă„rs bibelkommission [The Swedish Bible Commission of 1973], âMatteusevangeliet [Matthew] 5:17â, in Bibel 2000[4], © Svenska BibelsĂ€llskapet, accessed at Bible.com, archived from the original on 10 February 2026:
- Tro inte att jag har kommit för att upphÀva lagen eller profeterna. Jag har inte kommit för att upphÀva utan för att uppfylla.
- Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets. I have not come to abolish but to fulfill.
- (colloquial) to come (to orgasm)
- Jag kommer â I'm coming
- 2021 March 12, Kristoffer Appelquist, episode 7, in Svenska nyheter [Swedish news][5], SVT1, 2:14:
- Om du inte vÄgar komma till sjukhuset sÄ behöver du ju inte komma pÄ sjukhuset heller, som jag alltid brukar sÀga.
- If you don't dare come to the hospital, you obviously don't need to come at the hospital either, as I tend to say.
- (transitive) to make (to cause to do)
- 1899, Selma Lagerlöf, En herrgÄrdssÀgen [The Tale of a Manor][6], Albert Bonniers förlag, accessed at Litteraturbanken.se, courtesy of Göteborgs universitetsbibliotek, archived from the original on 10 February 2026:
- [Buketten] kom henne att tÀnka mildare tankar om fostermodern Àn nÄgonsin förr.
- The bouquet made her think more fondly of her foster mother than ever before.
- 1905, Hjalmar Söderberg, Doktor Glas [Doctor Glas][7], Albert Bonniers förlag, accessed at Litteraturbanken.se, courtesy of Göteborgs universitetsbibliotek, archived from the original on 10 February 2026:
- Att hon möter hans begÀr med kyla och olust kan aldrig ett ögonblick komma honom att [tvivla] pÄ sin »rÀtt».
- That she meets his desires with frigid distaste can never for a moment make him doubt his "rights".
Usage notes
[edit]Used in the present tense together with a main verb in the infinitive (with infinitive mark) to express the future tense (mainly the "will future"). The meaning matches English "will come to" (except in tone), expressing an inevitability. Compare ska.
- att tala (âto speakâ) â kommer att tala (âwill (come to) speakâ)
Conjugation
[edit]| active | passive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | komma | kommas | ||
| supine | kommit | kommits | ||
| imperative | kom | — | ||
| imper. plural1 | kommen | — | ||
| present | past | present | past | |
| indicative | kommer | kom | koms, kommes | koms |
| ind. plural1 | komma | kommo | kommas | kommos |
| subjunctive2 | komme | komme | kommes | kommes |
| present participle | kommande | |||
| past participle | kommen | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Latin comma, from Ancient Greek ÎșÏΌΌα (kĂłmma), from ÎșÏÏÏÏ (kĂłptĆ, âto cutâ).
Noun
[edit]komma n
- a comma (punctuation mark)
- Synonym: kommatecken
- Oxford-komman anvÀnds inte pÄ svenska.
- Oxford commas are not used in Swedish.
- a decimal comma (decimal separator) (translated as "point" when reading out a number)
- Synonym: decimalkomma
- Priset har stigit med 6,5% (sex komma fem procent).
- The price has increased by 6.5% (six point five percent).
Declension
[edit]| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | komma | kommas |
| definite | kommat | kommats | |
| plural | indefinite | komman | kommans |
| definite | kommana | kommanas |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- âkommaâ, in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker [Dictionaries of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
- komma in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
West Frisian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Dutch komma, from French comma, from Latin comma, from Ancient Greek ÎșÏΌΌα (kĂłmma).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]komma c (plural komma's)
Further reading
[edit]- âkommaâ, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
- Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch
- Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch
- Afrikaans terms derived from French
- Afrikaans terms derived from Latin
- Afrikaans terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Afrikaans lemmas
- Afrikaans nouns
- Danish terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish neuter nouns
- da:Punctuation marks
- Dutch terms borrowed from French
- Dutch terms derived from French
- Dutch terms derived from Latin
- Dutch terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Dutch/ÉmaË
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -s
- Dutch countable nouns
- Dutch feminine nouns
- nl:Punctuation marks
- Faroese terms derived from Latin
- Faroese terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Faroese lemmas
- Faroese nouns
- Faroese neuter nouns
- fo:Punctuation marks
- Finnish terms borrowed from Latin
- Finnish learned borrowings from Latin
- Finnish terms derived from Latin
- Finnish terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/omËÉ
- Rhymes:Finnish/omËÉ/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- fi:Music
- Finnish koira-type nominals
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with homophones
- German non-lemma forms
- German contractions
- German informal terms
- German nonstandard terms
- Icelandic terms borrowed from Latin
- Icelandic terms derived from Latin
- Icelandic 2-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ÉmËa
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ÉmËa/2 syllables
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic nouns
- Icelandic feminine nouns
- is:Punctuation marks
- Norwegian BokmÄl terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- Norwegian BokmÄl terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Norwegian BokmÄl terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Norwegian BokmĂ„l/ÉmËa
- Rhymes:Norwegian BokmĂ„l/ÉmËa/2 syllables
- Norwegian BokmÄl lemmas
- Norwegian BokmÄl nouns
- Norwegian BokmÄl neuter nouns
- nb:Orthography
- nb:Punctuation marks
- Norwegian BokmÄl terms with usage examples
- Norwegian BokmÄl terms with quotations
- nb:Grammar
- nb:Mathematics
- nb:Music
- Norwegian BokmÄl colloquialisms
- Norwegian BokmÄl non-lemma forms
- Norwegian BokmÄl noun forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Norwegian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk neuter nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk verbs
- nn:Punctuation marks
- Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Swedish terms with audio pronunciation
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Swedish
- Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Swedish terms derived from Old Norse
- Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Swedish semantic loans from English
- Swedish terms derived from English
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish verbs
- Swedish terms with usage examples
- Swedish terms with quotations
- Swedish colloquialisms
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- Swedish class 4 strong verbs
- Swedish terms derived from Latin
- Swedish terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish neuter nouns
- sv:Punctuation marks
- West Frisian terms borrowed from Dutch
- West Frisian terms derived from Dutch
- West Frisian terms derived from French
- West Frisian terms derived from Latin
- West Frisian terms derived from Ancient Greek
- West Frisian terms with IPA pronunciation
- West Frisian lemmas
- West Frisian nouns
- West Frisian common-gender nouns
