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komma

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Komma

Afrikaans

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Etymology

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From Dutch komma, from French comma, from Latin comma, from Ancient Greek ÎșόΌΌα (kĂłmma).

Noun

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komma (plural kommas, diminutive kommatjie)

  1. comma

Danish

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Danish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia da

Etymology

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From Ancient Greek ÎșόΌΌα (kĂłmma).

Noun

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komma n (singular definite kommaet, plural indefinite kommaer)

  1. a comma (punctuation mark)

Declension

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Declension of komma
neuter
gender
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative komma kommaet kommaer kommaerne
genitive kommas kommaets kommaers kommaernes

References

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Dutch

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Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

Etymology

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Borrowed from French comma, from Latin comma, from Ancient Greek ÎșόΌΌα (kĂłmma).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkɔ.maː/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: kom‧ma
  • Rhymes: -ɔmaː

Noun

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komma f (plural komma's, diminutive kommaatje n)

  1. comma

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Afrikaans: komma
  • → Indonesian: koma
  • → Papiamentu: kĂČma
  • → Sranan Tongo: koma
  • → West Frisian: komma

Faroese

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Faroese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fo

Etymology

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From Latin comma (“a comma”), from Ancient Greek ÎșόΌΌ៰ (kĂłmmă).

Noun

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komma n (genitive singular komma, plural kommu)

  1. (punctuation marks) a comma (,)

Declension

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n1 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative komma kommað kommu, kommur kommuni
accusative komma kommað kommu, kommur kommuni
dative komma kommanum kommum kommunum
genitive komma kommans kommna kommnanna

Derived terms

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Finnish

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Latin comma, from Ancient Greek ÎșόΌΌα (kĂłmma).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkomːɑ/, [ˈko̞mːɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -omːɑ
  • Syllabification(key): kom‧ma
  • Hyphenation(key): kom‧ma

Noun

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komma

  1. (music) comma

Declension

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Inflection of komma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative komma kommat
genitive komman kommien
partitive kommaa kommia
illative kommaan kommiin
singular plural
nominative komma kommat
accusative nom. komma kommat
gen. komman
genitive komman kommien
kommain rare
partitive kommaa kommia
inessive kommassa kommissa
elative kommasta kommista
illative kommaan kommiin
adessive kommalla kommilla
ablative kommalta kommilta
allative kommalle kommille
essive kommana kommina
translative kommaksi kommiksi
abessive kommatta kommitta
instructive — kommin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of komma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kommani kommani
accusative nom. kommani kommani
gen. kommani
genitive kommani kommieni
kommaini rare
partitive kommaani kommiani
inessive kommassani kommissani
elative kommastani kommistani
illative kommaani kommiini
adessive kommallani kommillani
ablative kommaltani kommiltani
allative kommalleni kommilleni
essive kommanani komminani
translative kommakseni kommikseni
abessive kommattani kommittani
instructive — —
comitative — kommineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kommasi kommasi
accusative nom. kommasi kommasi
gen. kommasi
genitive kommasi kommiesi
kommaisi rare
partitive kommaasi kommiasi
inessive kommassasi kommissasi
elative kommastasi kommistasi
illative kommaasi kommiisi
adessive kommallasi kommillasi
ablative kommaltasi kommiltasi
allative kommallesi kommillesi
essive kommanasi komminasi
translative kommaksesi kommiksesi
abessive kommattasi kommittasi
instructive — —
comitative — komminesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kommamme kommamme
accusative nom. kommamme kommamme
gen. kommamme
genitive kommamme kommiemme
kommaimme rare
partitive kommaamme kommiamme
inessive kommassamme kommissamme
elative kommastamme kommistamme
illative kommaamme kommiimme
adessive kommallamme kommillamme
ablative kommaltamme kommiltamme
allative kommallemme kommillemme
essive kommanamme komminamme
translative kommaksemme kommiksemme
abessive kommattamme kommittamme
instructive — —
comitative — komminemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kommanne kommanne
accusative nom. kommanne kommanne
gen. kommanne
genitive kommanne kommienne
kommainne rare
partitive kommaanne kommianne
inessive kommassanne kommissanne
elative kommastanne kommistanne
illative kommaanne kommiinne
adessive kommallanne kommillanne
ablative kommaltanne kommiltanne
allative kommallenne kommillenne
essive kommananne komminanne
translative kommaksenne kommiksenne
abessive kommattanne kommittanne
instructive — —
comitative — komminenne

Anagrams

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German

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Pronunciation

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Contraction

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komma

  1. (informal, nonstandard spelling) contraction of komm +‎ mal

Icelandic

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Icelandic Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia is

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin comma (“comma”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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komma f (genitive singular kommu, nominative plural kommur)

  1. (punctuation marks) a comma (,)

Declension

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Declension of komma (feminine)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative komma komman kommur kommurnar
accusative kommu kommuna kommur kommurnar
dative kommu kommunni kommum kommunum
genitive kommu kommunnar komma kommanna

Derived terms

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Norwegian BokmÄl

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Ancient Greek ÎșόΌΌα (kĂłmma, “piece cut off; clause, section of text”), formed from Îșόπτω (kĂłptƍ, “to strike, cut off”) with the deverbal noun-forming suffix -Όα (-ma). The original sense was “a piece cut off”, subsequently “a clause or short section of text”; the punctuation sense developed from the mark used to separate such textual sections.

Compare Norwegian Nynorsk komma, Danish komma, Swedish komma, Icelandic komma, Faroese komma, Dutch komma, German Komma and English comma.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /Âčkɔmːa/, [ˈkɔ́mːa]
  • Rhymes: -ɔmːa
  • Hyphenation: kom‧ma

Noun

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komma n (definite singular kommaet, indefinite plural komma or kommaer, definite plural kommaene)

  1. (orthography) a comma (`,`), a punctuation mark used between sentences, clauses or other parts of a sentence
    Vi setter komma mellom leddene i en oppramsing. ― We put commas between the items in a list.
    • (Can we date this quote?), Conrad N. Schwach, Erindringer af mit Liv indtil Ankomsten til Throndhjem, page 21:
      opramseren berĂžrte ved hver sats mellem commatarne [i reglen] en haand
      with each clause between the commas, the reciter generally touched one hand
    • (Can we date this quote?), Henrik Ibsen, Samlede verker, volume XV, page 293:
      kommaerne, der dog skulde staa som diktionens gjĂŠrdestave, forstaar [kunstnerinnen] isĂŠr med en mĂŠrkvĂŠrdig lethed at sĂŠtte over
      the commas, which ought to stand like the boundary posts of diction, the artist manages to leap over with remarkable ease
    • 1916, Clara Tschudi, Goethes Moder, page 4:
      komma synes hun ikke at kjende; derimod ynder hun tankestreger, som hun sĂŠtter paa alle mulige steder, hvor de ikke hĂžrer hjemme
      she seems not to know the comma; on the other hand, she favours dashes, which she places everywhere they do not belong
    • 1976, Aksel Sandemose, “Den norske revolusjon”, in Bakom stĂ„r hin Onde og hoster sĂ„ smĂ„tt, page 60:
      nordmannen har fÄtt blikket flyttet bort fra kommaer, stavefeil, skrivemÄter og all slags flisespikkeri. Han gÄr direkte til innholdet
      the Norwegian's attention has been shifted away from commas, spelling mistakes, spellings and every sort of nitpicking. He goes directly to the content
    • 2004, Per Petterson, MĂ„nen over Porten, page LBK:
      en to timers lang og lystig diskusjon om plasseringa av et komma
      a two-hour-long and cheerful discussion about the placement of a comma
    • 2010, Hans Olav Lahlum, Menneskefluene, page LBK:
      hele Konrad Jensens bokmanus var skrevet uten et komma
      Konrad Jensen's entire book manuscript was written without a comma
    1. (grammar) a clause, passage or part of a sentence ending with a comma
      • (Can we date this quote?), Henrik Wergeland, Samlede Skrifter, volume IV,3, page 230:
        det intolerante komma i § 92
        the intolerant clause in section 92
  2. (mathematics) a decimal separator; the comma separating the integer and fractional parts of a decimal number
    3,8 leses «tre komma Ă„tte». ― 3.8 is read as “three point eight”.
  3. a comma used as a separator in numerical notation, including large numbers, clock times and monetary amounts
    • 2000, Trude Marstein, Plutselig hĂžre noen Ă„pne en dĂžr, page 91:
      barnet mitt har feber, fĂžrti komma seks viser termometeret, temperaturen har sunket null komma tre
      my child has a fever; the thermometer shows forty point six, and the temperature has fallen by zero point three
    • 2001, Kjell Ola Dahl, Mannen i vinduet, page LBK:
      nittini komma ni prosent [sikkert]
      ninety-nine point nine percent certain
    • 2004, Knut NĂŠrum, En himmel full av stjerner, page LBK:
      en komma tre millioner seere
      one point three million viewers
  4. (music) a comma-shaped breath mark placed above the staff to indicate a short pause between two musical phrases
    Synonym: cesur
  5. (music) a comma, a minute interval arising from a difference between musical tuning systems
    det pytagoreiske komma ― the Pythagorean comma
  6. (figuratively) a very small or insignificant amount; nothing
    • 2001, Jan Christopher NĂŠss, Jotapata, page LBK:
      ingenting jeg kunne gjþre 
 ville endre et komma
      nothing I could do 
 would change a thing
    (ikke) sÄ mye som et komma: practically nothing; not so much as the smallest amount
    • 1988, Lars Saabye Christensen, Herman, page LBK:
      ballen treffer gulvet, uten at Herman har rÞrt seg sÄ mye som et komma
      the ball hits the floor without Herman having moved in the slightest
    • 2003, PĂ„l Gerhard Olsen, Pinse, page LBK:
      hun som aldri har skrevet sÄ mye som et komma fÞr
      she, who has never written so much as a comma before
    null komma null: (colloquial) nothing; no time at all
    null komma niks: (colloquial) nothing
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Alternative forms

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  • kommene (alternative definite plural)

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ÂČkɔmːa/, [ˈkɔ̂mːǎ]
  • Rhymes: -ɔmːa
  • Hyphenation: kom‧ma

Noun

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komma n pl

  1. definite plural of komme (“coming; arrival; advent”)

References

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  • “komma” in The BokmĂ„l Dictionary.
  • “komma” in Norwegian Academy Dictionary (NAOB).
  • “komma”, in Store norske leksikon‎[1], (Can we date this quote?)
  • “komma (mikrointervall)”, in Store norske leksikon‎[2], (Can we date this quote?)

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology 1

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From Ancient Greek ÎșόΌΌα (kĂłmma).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkʊmːɑ/, /ˈkɔmːɑ/

Noun

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komma n (definite singular kommaet, indefinite plural komma, definite plural kommaa)

  1. comma
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ÂČkɔmːɑ/

Verb

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komma (present tense kjem, past tense kom, past participle komme, passive infinitive kommast, present participle kommande, imperative kom)

  1. alternative form of koma

References

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Swedish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ÂČkɔma/, [ÂČkʰɔmːa]
  • Audio:(file)

Etymology 1

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From Old Swedish koma, from Old Norse koma, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gÊ·em-. Sense 3 is probably a semantic loan from English come.

Verb

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komma (present kommer, preterite kom, supine kommit, imperative kom)

  1. to come (to move nearer)
    LĂ„t den rĂ€tte komma in ― Let the right one come in
    • 1973, Ted GĂ€rdestad, “Come Give Me Love”, in Ted‎[3]:
      Kom ge mig vÀrlden. Kom ge mig fred. Kom sÀnk ditt huvud. Och lÀgg dig ned. Kom ge mig kroppen. Kom ge mig allt som du har. Och jag ska stanna kvar.
      Come give me the world. Come give me peace. Come lower your head. And lie down [lay yourself down]. Come give me the body. Come give me everything that you have. And I will stay.
  2. to come (to arrive, to appear)
    Tiden Ă€r kommen. ― The time has come.
    • 2000, 1973 Ă„rs bibelkommission [The Swedish Bible Commission of 1973], “Matteusevangeliet [Matthew] 5:17”, in Bibel 2000‎[4], © Svenska BibelsĂ€llskapet, accessed at Bible.com, archived from the original on 10 February 2026:
      Tro inte att jag har kommit för att upphÀva lagen eller profeterna. Jag har inte kommit för att upphÀva utan för att uppfylla.
      Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets. I have not come to abolish but to fulfill.
  3. (colloquial) to come (to orgasm)
    Jag kommer ― I'm coming
    • 2021 March 12, Kristoffer Appelquist, episode 7, in Svenska nyheter [Swedish news][5], SVT1, 2:14:
      Om du inte vÄgar komma till sjukhuset sÄ behöver du ju inte komma pÄ sjukhuset heller, som jag alltid brukar sÀga.
      If you don't dare come to the hospital, you obviously don't need to come at the hospital either, as I tend to say.
  4. (transitive) to make (to cause to do)
    • 1899, Selma Lagerlöf, En herrgĂ„rdssĂ€gen [The Tale of a Manor]‎[6], Albert Bonniers förlag, accessed at Litteraturbanken.se, courtesy of Göteborgs universitetsbibliotek, archived from the original on 10 February 2026:
      [Buketten] kom henne att tÀnka mildare tankar om fostermodern Àn nÄgonsin förr.
      The bouquet made her think more fondly of her foster mother than ever before.
    • 1905, Hjalmar Söderberg, Doktor Glas [Doctor Glas]‎[7], Albert Bonniers förlag, accessed at Litteraturbanken.se, courtesy of Göteborgs universitetsbibliotek, archived from the original on 10 February 2026:
      Att hon möter hans begÀr med kyla och olust kan aldrig ett ögonblick komma honom att [tvivla] pÄ sin »rÀtt».
      That she meets his desires with frigid distaste can never for a moment make him doubt his "rights".
Usage notes
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Used in the present tense together with a main verb in the infinitive (with infinitive mark) to express the future tense (mainly the "will future"). The meaning matches English "will come to" (except in tone), expressing an inevitability. Compare ska.

att tala (“to speak”) → kommer att tala (“will (come to) speak”)
Conjugation
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Conjugation of komma (class 4 strong)
active passive
infinitive komma kommas
supine kommit kommits
imperative kom —
imper. plural1 kommen —
present past present past
indicative kommer kom koms, kommes koms
ind. plural1 komma kommo kommas kommos
subjunctive2 komme komme kommes kommes
present participle kommande
past participle kommen

1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Latin comma, from Ancient Greek ÎșόΌΌα (kĂłmma), from Îșόπτω (kĂłptƍ, “to cut”).

Noun

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komma n

  1. a comma (punctuation mark)
    Synonym: kommatecken
    Oxford-komman anvÀnds inte pÄ svenska.
    Oxford commas are not used in Swedish.
  2. a decimal comma (decimal separator) (translated as "point" when reading out a number)
    Synonym: decimalkomma
    Priset har stigit med 6,5% (sex komma fem procent).
    The price has increased by 6.5% (six point five percent).
Declension
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Derived terms
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References

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  • “komma”, in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker [Dictionaries of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
  • komma in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

West Frisian

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West Frisian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fy

Etymology

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Borrowed from Dutch komma, from French comma, from Latin comma, from Ancient Greek ÎșόΌΌα (kĂłmma).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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komma c (plural komma's)

  1. comma
    Synonym: skrapke

Further reading

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  • “komma”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011