Avialae

Avialans ; Periode Middle Jurassic–Present, 150.8–0 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N Earliest 165 Ma if Anchiornithidae are members
	Avialae
	; Fossil specimen of Jeholornis prima
	Collage of four extant birds. Clockwise from top-left: Spanish imperial eagle (Aquila adalberti), common ostrich (Struthio camelus), mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), and common kingfisher (Alcedo atthis)
Taksonomi
Klad	Nephrozoa
superfilum	Deuterostomia
Pilum	Chordata
subfilum	Vertebrata
infrafilum	Gnathostomata
Klad	Eugnathostomata
megaclass	Osteichthyes
superkelas	Sarcopterygii
Klad	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
Klad	Tetrapodomorpha
Klad	Eotetrapodiformes
infrakelas	Elpistostegalia
Klad	Stegocephalia
superkelas	Tetrapoda
Klad	Reptiliomorpha
Klad	Amniota
Klad	Sauropsida
kelas	Reptilia
Klad	Eureptilia
Klad	Romeriida
Klad	Diapsida
Klad	Neodiapsida
Klad	Sauria
Klad	Archelosauria
Klad	Archosauromorpha
Klad	Archosauriformes
Klad	Crurotarsi
Klad	Archosauria
Klad	Avemetatarsalia
Klad	Ornithodira
Klad	Dinosauromorpha
Klad	Dinosauriformes
Klad	Dracohors
klad	Dinosauria
Klad	Saurischia
Klad	Eusaurischia
klad	Theropoda
Klad	Neotheropoda
Klad	Averostra
infraordo	Tetanurae
klad	Orionides
Klad	Avetheropoda
klad	Coelurosauria
Klad	Tyrannoraptora
Klad	Maniraptoromorpha
klad	Neocoelurosauria
klad	Maniraptoriformes
klad	Maniraptora
Klad	Pennaraptora
Klad	Paraves
Tan paaji	Avialae ; Gauthier , 1986
Subgroups
Possible avialans
	†Balaur; †Hesperonychus; †Overoraptor; †Rahonavis; †Wellnhoferia; †Yixianosaurus; †Anchiornithidae; †Scansoriopterygidae; †Unenlagiinia;

Avialae
	Fosil saking Confuciusornis
Periode
	150–0 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Taksonomi
Klad	Nephrozoa
superfilum	Deuterostomia
Pilum	Chordata
subfilum	Vertebrata
infrafilum	Gnathostomata
Klad	Eugnathostomata
megaclass	Osteichthyes
superkelas	Sarcopterygii
Klad	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
Klad	Tetrapodomorpha
Klad	Eotetrapodiformes
infrakelas	Elpistostegalia
Klad	Stegocephalia
superkelas	Tetrapoda
Klad	Reptiliomorpha
Klad	Amniota
Klad	Sauropsida
kelas	Reptilia
Klad	Eureptilia
Klad	Romeriida
Klad	Diapsida
Klad	Neodiapsida
Klad	Sauria
Klad	Archelosauria
Klad	Archosauromorpha
Klad	Archosauriformes
Klad	Crurotarsi
Klad	Archosauria
Klad	Avemetatarsalia
Klad	Ornithodira
Klad	Dinosauromorpha
Klad	Dinosauriformes
Klad	Dracohors
klad	Dinosauria
Klad	Saurischia
Klad	Eusaurischia
klad	Theropoda
Klad	Neotheropoda
Klad	Averostra
infraordo	Tetanurae
klad	Orionides
Klad	Avetheropoda
klad	Coelurosauria
Klad	Tyrannoraptora
Klad	Maniraptoromorpha
klad	Neocoelurosauria
klad	Maniraptoriformes
klad	Maniraptora
Klad	Pennaraptora
Klad	Paraves
Tan paaji	Avialae ; Gauthier , 1986

Avialae inggih punika clade dinosaurus sané mabulu sané ngranjing ring kedis, antuk perwakilan sané maurip. Katahnyané kasengguh pinaka «makasami theropoda sané mapaiketan sareng kedis bandingang ring deinonychosaurus». Kedis sané pinih riin prasida makeber sampun sué kasengguh Archaeopteryx, sané maurip 150 yuta warsa sané sampun lintang. Raris, makudang-kudang spesies minab aviales kapanggihin sané mayusa 10 yuta warsa (anchiornis). Ring masa iraga, aviales wantah kaseledihi olih Neornithes, saking punika 11,276 spesies modern sané kauningin.

Avialae

†Anchiornis

†Archaeopteryx

†Rahonavis

	†Jixiangornis

	†Jeholornis

Avebrevicauda

†Sapeornis

†Confuciusornis

	†Chongmingia

	Ornithothoraces

Kladogram nganutin pikolih seseleh filogenetik olih Wang dkk., 2016.^[5]

	†Dromaeosauridae

	†Troodontidae

Avialae

†Scansoriopterygidae

†Yandangornis

	†Bauxitornis

	†Balaur

†Shenzhouraptor

†Jixiangornis

	†Zhongornis

	†Sapeornis

†Confuciusornithidae

†Changchengornis

†Chongmingia

†Jinguofortis

	†Zhongjianornis

	Ornithothoraces

Pustaka

↑ Schweigert, G. (2007). "Ammonite biostratigraphy as a tool for dating Upper Jurassic lithographic limestones from South Germany – first results and open questions" (PDF). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 245 (1): 117–125. Bibcode:2007NJGPA.245..117S. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2007/0245-0117. S2CID 140597349.
↑ Zhang, H.; Wang, M.; Liu, X. (2008). "Constraints on the upper boundary age of the Tiaojishan Formation volcanic rocks in West Liaoning-North Hebei by LA-ICP-MS dating". Chinese Science Bulletin. 53 (22): 3574–3584. Bibcode:2008SciBu..53.3574Z. doi:10.1007/s11434-008-0287-4.
↑ Xu, Liming; Wang, Min; Lin, Ganmin; Dong, Liping; Deng, Ke; Xu, Xing; Du, Honggang; Lin, Min; Chen, Runsheng; Zhou, Zhonghe (2026-10-15). "Jurassic flightless bird reveals early ecological diversity of avialans". Nature (ring Inggris). 658 (8136): 690–697. doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10972-z. ISSN 0028-0836.
↑ Motta, Matías J.; Agnolína, Federico L.; Eglia, Federico Brissón; Rozadillaa, Sebastián; Novas, Fernando E. (22 Aug 2025). "Phylogenetic relationships of Unenlagiidae among Paraves (Dinosauria)". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 23 (1). Bibcode:2025JSPal..2329608M. doi:10.1080/14772019.2025.2529608. hdl:11336/283613. Kaaksés 22 August 2025. Unknown parameter |article-number= ignored (help)
↑ Wang, M.; Wang, X.; Wang, Y.; Zhou, Z. (2016). "A new basal bird from China with implications for morphological diversity in early birds". Scientific Reports. 6. Bibcode:2016NatSR...619700W. doi:10.1038/srep19700. PMC 4726217. PMID 26806355. Unknown parameter |article-number= ignored (help)

[1] Schweigert, G. (2007). "Ammonite biostratigraphy as a tool for dating Upper Jurassic lithographic limestones from South Germany – first results and open questions" (PDF). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 245 (1): 117–125. Bibcode:2007NJGPA.245..117S. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2007/0245-0117. S2CID 140597349.

[2] Zhang, H.; Wang, M.; Liu, X. (2008). "Constraints on the upper boundary age of the Tiaojishan Formation volcanic rocks in West Liaoning-North Hebei by LA-ICP-MS dating". Chinese Science Bulletin. 53 (22): 3574–3584. Bibcode:2008SciBu..53.3574Z. doi:10.1007/s11434-008-0287-4.

[Yuezhuornis-3] Xu, Liming; Wang, Min; Lin, Ganmin; Dong, Liping; Deng, Ke; Xu, Xing; Du, Honggang; Lin, Min; Chen, Runsheng; Zhou, Zhonghe (2026-10-15). "Jurassic flightless bird reveals early ecological diversity of avialans". Nature (ring Inggris). 658 (8136): 690–697. doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10972-z. ISSN 0028-0836.

[Motta2025-4] Motta, Matías J.; Agnolína, Federico L.; Eglia, Federico Brissón; Rozadillaa, Sebastián; Novas, Fernando E. (22 Aug 2025). "Phylogenetic relationships of Unenlagiidae among Paraves (Dinosauria)". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 23 (1). Bibcode:2025JSPal..2329608M. doi:10.1080/14772019.2025.2529608. hdl:11336/283613. Kaaksés 22 August 2025. Unknown parameter |article-number= ignored (help)

[wangetal2016-5] Wang, M.; Wang, X.; Wang, Y.; Zhou, Z. (2016). "A new basal bird from China with implications for morphological diversity in early birds". Scientific Reports. 6. Bibcode:2016NatSR...619700W. doi:10.1038/srep19700. PMC 4726217. PMID 26806355. Unknown parameter |article-number= ignored (help)

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